般过去时与现在完成时复习.ppt

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1、 RevisionThe Simple Past TenseThe Present Perfect Tense一般过去时一般过去时用法用法构成构成常用时间常用时间用法用法表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。My father was at home last night.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year.look looked playplayed livelived hopehoped stopstopped triptripped studystudie

2、d worryworried 规则动词规则动词不规则动词不规则动词come-see-buy-fall-camesawboughtfellgo-take-give-tell-wenttookgavetoldsay-put-sit-meet-saidputsatmet常用时间状语常用时间状语yesterdaylast weekthree days agoin 2000have a meeting,yesterdayWe had a meeting yesterday.Make a sentence with the words given.give a concert,last monthJay

3、gave a concert last month.join WTO,in 2001China joined WTO in 2001.visit Canada,last ThursdayHe visited Canada last Thursday.die,in America,February 11She died in America on February 11.Im every woman我是个普通的女人我是个普通的女人get married,June7,2011They got married on June 7,2011.divorce in 2011They divorced i

4、n 2011.句型转换：句型转换：1 Mr Li invited her to the party.（改为一般疑问句）（改为一般疑问句）Mr Li her to the party?2 They asked the teacher a question.（改为否定句）（改为否定句）They the teacher a question.3 Tom watched TV for two hours.(对画线部分提问）对画线部分提问）Tom TV?4 She did some cleaning.(对画线部分提问）对画线部分提问）she?Didinvitedidnt askHow long did

5、watchWhat did doCorrect the passage:Last Sunday,Ted and his father are at home.They movd to a new house.His father wantted to put the books in some boxes,but he cant find any boxes.Ted telled him the boxes was in the next room.Then he bought these boxes to his father.movedwantedcouldnttoldwere broug

6、htwere1.-When_you_to my house?-Five minutes ago.A.did;come B.had;come C.have;come D.do;comeA2.-When_your friend _that new dictionary?-Sorry.I dont.A.does;buy B.did;buy C.have;bought D.had;boughtB27.-When _Jessy_ to New York？-Yesterday.(2009年中考题年中考题)A.does;get B.did;get C.has;got D.had;gotB27.Tom was

7、 so careless that he _his right arm when he was riding to school.(2009年中考题年中考题)A.hurts B.hurt C.has hurt D.had hurtDTranslate the sentences into Chinese1.上周，我和父母去游了东湖并且玩得很开心。上周，我和父母去游了东湖并且玩得很开心。Last week,I visited the East Lake with my parents and we had a great time.2.昨天晚上我来你家找你，但是你不在。昨天晚上我来你家找你，但是

8、你不在。Yesterday evening,I came to your house to see you,but you werent in/at home3.几天前几天前,我的朋友我的朋友Jim借了我的英语书但是没还。借了我的英语书但是没还。Several days ago,my friend Jim lent my English book but didnt return it.2011年中考题-阅读填词TheworsttravelerintheworldwasPaulofSanFrancisco.Oncehef(76)fromtheU.S.tohishomestowninItalyt

9、oseesomeoneathome.Theplanemadeaone-hourstoptogetoilatanairportinNewYork.PaulthoughthewasinRome.C(77),hegotofftheplane.Whennobodywastheretomeethim,Paulthoughtmaybetheheavyt(78)madehisfriendslate.Whilelookingfortheiraddress,Paulfoundthattheold“Rome”hadchangedalot.Hefoundmanyhighm(79)buildingsinsteadof

10、oldones.HealsofoundthatmanypeoplespokeEnglishbutnotItalianandthatmanystreetsignswerew(80)inEnglish.lewertainlyrafficodernrittenPaulknewveryl(81)English.SoheaskedapolicemaninItlianthewaytothebusstation.HehappenedtomeetapolicemanwhowasalsoborninItalyandansweredinthesamel(82).Aftertwelvehourstravelingr

11、oundonabus,thedriverhandedhimovertoa(83)policeman.Butthistime,thispolicemancouldonlyspeakEnglish.SoPaulaskedthepolicemanwhytheRomepoliceemployed(雇佣)somanypeoplewhospokeEnglishaspoliceman.ittleanguagenotherPauldidntb(84)hewasinNewYorkwhenhewastoldso.TogethimonaplanetoItaly,hewass(85)totheairportinapo

12、licecar.elieveent冬天来了，春天还会远冬天来了，春天还会远吗？吗？If winter If winter hashas already already comecome,can spring be far behind?can spring be far behind?thepresentperfectTense现在完成时现在完成时1.现在完成时的概念1）表示）表示过去发生过去发生或或已完成已完成的动作的动作对现在对现在造成的影造成的影响或结果；响或结果；Ihavehaddinneralready.(Imfullnow)2）表示过去已经开始并表示过去已经开始并一直持续一直持续到

13、现在的动作或到现在的动作或状态。状态。eg:HehaslearnedEnglishsince2001.pastnowfuture现在完成时现在完成时一般过去式一般过去式现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时你会自己你会自己造句吗？造句吗？2.现在完成时的结构现在完成时的构成：have/has+done助动词助动词 过去分词过去分词主语+have/has+过去分词+宾语+状语Have:第一、二第一、二/复数复数Has:第三人称单数第三人称单数规则动词：规则动词：不规则动词不规则动词规则动词(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。work-worked-worked,visit-visited-v

14、isited(2)以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。live-lived-lived(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将y变为i，再加“ed”。study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped重点1：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词work_live_stay_stop_clean_study_worked workedlived livedstayed stayedstopped stoppedcleane

15、d cleanedstudied studied不规则动词AAA型costcostcost；cutcutcutAAB型beatbeatbeatenABA型runranrun；comecamecomebecomebecamebecomeABB型buyboughtbought；buildbuiltbuiltABC型beginbeganbegun；choosechosechosen3.现在完成时的否定与疑问现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词have或has后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。否定句疑问句Ihavenot(havent)studied.HaveIstudied?Youhaveno

16、t(havent)studied.Haveyoustudied?Hehasnot(hasnt)studied.Hashestudied?例题例题Rewritethesentences.1.IhavebeentoShanghaibefore.(改为否定句)I_beentoShanghaibefore.2.Hehasntcometoschoolbecausehewasill.(就划线部分提问)_hecometoschool?havenotWhyhasnt重点2：现在完成时态的否定与疑问比较havebeento/in和havegonetoHe has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经

17、)去上海了。去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经)去过上海。去过上海。have(has)beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since,for,howlong等。例如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。小结词组含义搭配havegoneto到某地去了，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。说话时该人不在现场havebeento曾经去过某地，现在已经不在那里了。just,ever,neverhavebeenin在某地呆多长时间since,for,howlong1.J

18、anehas_toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.neverbeenC.wentD.gone2.Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?-Sorry.He_theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto3.-_youever_totheUS?-Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingBBD重点3havebeento/in和havegoneto的对比例题4.现在完成时

19、的用法1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完说话之前已经完成的动作成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响结果或影响。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达）通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just，already,before,yet,never,ever ,two times等状语连用。例如：Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。Imsurewevemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?牛奶的奶挤了吗？Ihaveneverheardthatbefore.我从没听说过。你还能用现在完成

20、时想到其它句子吗？你还能用现在完成时想到其它句子吗？2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,lately,for,since,等。如：Wehaventseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.她从周一开始就跟我们在一起了。注意：1)since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere，Tuesday,October-“自从”

21、for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。-“长达”重点4：since和for的区别1.JimhasbeeninIreland_Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland_threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia_15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_7oclock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry_1974.6.Thebusislate.Theyvebeenwaiting_20minutes.7.Nobodyl

22、ivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty_manyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill_alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital_October.sincesincesincesinceforforforforfor注意：2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用（不能和since,for,howlong连用）。短暂性动词Hehascomeherefor2years.Theoldmanhasdiedfor4months.Theyhave

23、leftonlyfor5minutes.以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefor2years.Theoldmanhas_for4months.Theyhave_onlyfor5minutesbeendeadbeenoutFFFCan you say these sentences in another way?1.I borrowed the book two days ago.2.The meeting started ten minutes ago.3.He joined the League two years ago.4.My old friend died yesterd

24、ay.5.He left his hometown last year.I have kept the book for two e borrow leave go join die become buybegin get to know fall asleep(非持续性动词）非持续性动词）注意：3)现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow一般过去式（F）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（T）Tom wrote a letter to

25、his parents last night.5.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，叙述过去的事情，强调动作强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，对现在的影响，强调影响强调影响。I saw this film yesterday.I have seen this film.2）一般过去时）一般过去时常与常与具体的表示过去的时具体的表示过去的时间间状语连用状语连用;现在完成时通常与现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语模糊的

26、时间状语连连用，或无时间状语。用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,last week，ago,in1990,in October,just now,-具具体的时间状语体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in the past few years,recently,-模糊的时模糊的时间状语间状语3）现在完成时）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是态，动词一般是延续性的延续性的，如，

27、如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。等。ShejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(加入的动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的)ShehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续)ShehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago

28、).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持续)()1.Wherehaveyou_thesedays?Ihave_toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()2.Howlonghaveyou_thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()3.Excuseme,_youseenthefilmyet?Yes,I_itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw()4.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_?A.isheB.isntheC.hasntheD.hasheBcDD