定语从句(TheAttributiveClause)应注意的问题PPT.ppt

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1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句中应注意的定语从句中应注意的 几个问题几个问题一、引导定语从句的关系词一、引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代人 whowho，whomwhom，thatthat指代事物指代事物 whichwhich，thatthat所属关系所属关系 whosewhose，of whichof which指地点指地点 wherewhere指时间指时间 whenwhen指原因指原因 whywhy二、关系代词二、关系代词that和和which在很多情况下可以互在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用换，但下列情况只用that。All _ can be done has

2、been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand?There is little _ can be believed about it.The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever s

3、een.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have abou

4、t the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.that that that that先行词被先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用修饰时，引导定语从句用that。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or

5、thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.thatthat先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用句用that.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better?Who _ you are talking to is the young fellow?that thatWho做先行词时，引导定语从句用做先行词时，引导定语从句用that。三、不用三、不用that，而用，而用which，who，whom的情况的情况He made the same mistakes again,_ made his

6、parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan.Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.whichwhichwhowhom在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用指人用who或或whom。Her bag,in _ she put all her

7、 money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用，指人用whom。The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.The book contains 50 poems,most of _ was written in 1930s.There are

8、two left,one of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not quite.I have a sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+of+which/whom注意事项注意事项 注意：如何判断介词注意：如何判断介词The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom

9、I think you can depend.1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish,_ all of which activities dolphins ar

10、e expert.within3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词行词 搭配搭配The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom,_ which there is a teachers desk.atin the front ofWhere 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句。从句做状语。象名词，用来引导定语从句。从句做状语。This is

11、the town where(=in which)I spent my childhood.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new one.关系词的选择应注意瞻前顾后的原则关系词的选择应注意瞻前顾后的原则.注意注意 1 1若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library,_ was built in the 1930s,needs repairi

12、ng.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.wherewhichwhich注意注意 2 2区分区分where引导的定语从句和状引导的定语从句和状语从句语从句Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。从句，否则是状语从句。When you read books,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books,you had better make

13、a mark where you have any questions.When 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示时间的名词，用先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从引导定语从句。从句作状语。句。从句作状语。Ill never forget the day when(=on which)I met you.This was the time when (=at which)he left for Beijing.We will put off the outing until next week,when we wont be busy.注意注意：若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用若

14、定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或或that引导定语从句。引导定语从句。Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the time _ I spent on campus.Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you.whenwhichthatwhichthatwhy引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用先行词是表示原因的名词，用why引导定语从引导定语从句。句。Why在从句中作状语。在从句中作状语。This is the rea

15、son why(=for which)I didnt come here.但是也要注意：不是每句都能这样。但是也要注意：不是每句都能这样。The reason _ she gave was not true.whichthatwhose 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。whose既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物.指物时指物时,注意它有两种注意它有两种替代形式替代形式,即即whose+名词名词=the+名词名词+of+which(whom)=of which(whom)+the+名词名词The river _ banks are covered with trees flows into the

16、 sea.whoseThere are 20 students in this class,_ are different.A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whomC.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whoseThis is a book _ is red.A.Whose cover B.the cover of which C.of which the coverAs和和which都可以都可以 引导非限制性定语从引导非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句句修饰整个主句,其区别在于其区别在于:1.

17、位置不同位置不同2.as从句可位于主句前从句可位于主句前,主句中或主句中或主句后主句后,而而which从句只能位于主句从句只能位于主句后后.注意注意 as 和和 which 的不同用法的不同用法.As you know,I live a long way from work.I live a long way from work,as/which you know.He,as we expected,came to the party on time.注意注意 as 和和 which 的不同用法的不同用法.2.意义不同意义不同.As 有有“正如，就像正如，就像”之意，表示符合人们之意，表示符合

18、人们的认识，事情发展的特征等，即主句和从句的的认识，事情发展的特征等，即主句和从句的语意往往一致因此，当主句和从句的语意语意往往一致因此，当主句和从句的语意不一致时，用不一致时，用whichThey married,as we had expected.They married,which we hadnt expected.注意注意 as 和和 which 的不同用法的不同用法.结构不同结构不同As 多用多用as主语谓语或主语谓语或 as被动谓语结构被动谓语结构Which 常用常用which+谓语谓语+宾语宾语结构结构They won the match,as often happens.如

19、：如：as we all know,as is well known to all,as has been said before 以及以及 as often happens,as is the case 等固定结构等固定结构It rained heavily yesterday,which prevented us going out.4.As 引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常有引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常有such 和和 the same 修饰修饰，as 在从句中不省略在从句中不省略。For example:He has bought the same type of bike as I

20、have.Such teachers as Tom are popular with the students.注意注意 as 和和 which 的不同用法的不同用法.Correct the sentences:1.Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2.Is that factory which your father once worked in?3.The man whom I spoke is from Canada.4.July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget._(去掉去掉)wh

21、ich_tothe oneCorrect the sentences:5.I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.6.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.7.Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.8.I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.inwhen_who_(that/which)Correct the se

22、ntences:9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.10.Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.11.We heard the news which our team won the game.12.The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable._ that_ that _whyit_Correct the sentences:13.Those at the desk wan

23、t to buy tickets write down your names.14.That was the reason because she looked old.15.Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.16.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to China.aswho_giveswhyCorrect the sentences:17.It is the one of the best films tha

24、t have been shown recently.18.The third place which we are going to visit is Hangzhou.19.Which is known to all,many satellite are going around in the sky.20.The students and things which you spoke of are known to us.that_hasAsthat_Correct the sentences:21.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.22.The student whos book I had borrowed didnt come to school today.23.Who is the worker who took some pictures of the factory.24.The bike by which I travelled was his.as_Whose_that_on_