学会分析英语长难句.ppt

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1、Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.If the bees had stayed in Brazil,this would have been bad enough.But now they are on t

2、he move,heading northward in countless millions towards Central and North America.It was not unusual to see children doing the work of adults in great many rural areas.Harry was a capable lawyer,but it was difficult for him to live up to the reputation established by his more brilliant father.He fou

3、nd out that Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill,in Bedfordshire,and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well,but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon,until one day he came across two crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had b

4、een built in her honor in 1773.We have to pay special attention to the complex sentences containing lots of clause-level information.They account for a large proportion in the reading materials for tests.Teaching procedures:.Lead-in(2)Start the class by presenting some long and difficult sentences,a

5、nd lead the learners into todays topic naturally.Pre-task:(10)1.Explain to the learners the main factors that make sentences hard to understand;2.Introduce basic ways to deal with those long and difficult sentenceshow to make good analysis of sentence structures.Offer the students selected reading c

6、omprehension tests of NMET and PMET(Guangdong).With the guidance of the teacher,students explore the example sentences one by one.造成句子理解困难的主要原因造成句子理解困难的主要原因:1.Inversion:倒装句与正常语序不同倒装句与正常语序不同,往往会加深理解往往会加深理解的难度的难度Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which

7、enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.2.Subjunctive mood:虚拟语气是一虚拟语气是一个语法难点。其表示的内容与真实相反，个语法难点。其表示的内容与真实相反，加上其形式变化多种多样，就加大了理加上其形式变化多种多样，就加大了理解上的困难。解上的困难。If the bees had stayed in Brazil,this would have been bad enoug

8、h.But now they are on the move,heading northward in countless millions towards Central and North America.3.Comparative degree and superlative degree:比较级和最高级也是比较级和最高级也是增加句子难度的因素之一增加句子难度的因素之一No less important than students academic work are their extra-curricular activities.A.Extra-curricular activiti

9、es are equally important compared with academic work.B.Academic work is less important than extra-curricular activities.C.Extra-curricular activities are much more important than academic work.D.Academic work,no less than extra-curricular activities,is important.4.Double-negation:双重否定双重否定:有的句子含有形式上和

10、语义上的双重否定有的句子含有形式上和语义上的双重否定设置圈套设置圈套,会干扰阅读者的思维。会干扰阅读者的思维。It was not unusual to see children doing the work of adults in great many rural areas.=It was usual that children often did adults work in many rural areas.5.Set phrases and expressions that are difficult to understand：有时一有时一个句子难以理解，是由于句子中的某一个句子

11、难以理解，是由于句子中的某一个习惯用语或固定词组引起的。如果阅读者不熟个习惯用语或固定词组引起的。如果阅读者不熟悉的话，整个句子的理解也就无从下手。因此平悉的话，整个句子的理解也就无从下手。因此平时尽可能地多掌握一些固定词组和习惯用语是非时尽可能地多掌握一些固定词组和习惯用语是非常必要的。常必要的。Harry was a capable lawyer,but it was difficult for him to live up to the reputation established by his more brilliant father.=Though Harry was a capa

12、ble lawyer,it was difficult for him to equal the reputation set up by his father,who was more brilliant than him.6.以高考试题以高考试题 reading comprehension tests of NMET and PMET(Guangdong)作为实例来进行句法分析，采取作为实例来进行句法分析，采取”分割分割”的办法（即去掉主要句子成分主语、谓语的办法（即去掉主要句子成分主语、谓语和宾语之间的分割成分），来分析语法，和宾语之间的分割成分），来分析语法，找出主要意思，以达到找出主

13、要意思，以达到”化繁为简，化难化繁为简，化难为易为易”的目的，因为表面看起来复杂的句的目的，因为表面看起来复杂的句子其实都由若干个简单句所构成。子其实都由若干个简单句所构成。Complex sentences contains lots of clause-level information.They account for a large proportion in the reading materials for tests.(NMET)He found out that Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill,in Bedf

14、ordshire,and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well,but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon,until one day he came across two crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.分析分析:这是由三个并列分句构成的句子这是由三个并列分句构成的句子:He fo

15、und out that Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill,in Bedfordshire;He thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well;he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon,until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had

16、 been built in her honor in 1773.在第一和第二个分句中在第一和第二个分句中,分别有分别有两个宾语从句：两个宾语从句：Kit Williams has spent his childhood near Ampthill,in Bedfordshire和和he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well.第三个分句较为复杂些：其中有一第三个分句较为复杂些：其中有一个句型个句型not until;在由在由until 引导的时间状语引导的时间状语从句中又有一个宾语从句：从句中又有一个宾语从句：they had be

17、en built in her honor in 1773作作learnt 的宾语。的宾语。Work in groups:(6 students in a group)Eight groups are formed out of 48 students,each having 2 exactly the same complex sentences(A judging panel of 6 students was previously formed).Each group is required to either translate the 2 designated sentences i

18、nto proper Chinese or paraphrase it.Main task:(23)Activity 1:Activity 2:Display and competeGet the groups to display their results one by one;The judging panel decides the best two groups;Then the group leaders of the two groups verbally share how they got their work done.itemsevaluation5 4 3 2 1Did

19、 the group co-operate well?Did the analysis make sense?Did they give enough information?Did they use English correctly?Did they express clearly and fluently?Group _:Total scores:_1.(PMET GD2006)How many people have I met who have told me about the book they have been planning to write but have never

20、 yet found the time?2.(PMET GD2007)If we told the clerk about the uncharged item,the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty and we would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.Post-task:(4)1.Teacher offers congratulations to the winners;

21、2.Teacher summarizes the activities,suggesting ways for improvement.Assignment:(1)1.Give the students opportunities to practice more reading comprehension.They are encouraged to apply the analyzing skills they have just learned.2.Students are expected to take down the complex sentences they meet wit

22、h in their reading practice,share with each other and deal with the sentences together and progress in reading comprehension together.Be cooperative and competitive!Practice:(PMET GD 2006)1.Whether the final consequences of such an experiment will cause serious damage or nothing more than a small tr

23、ouble still remains to be seen.2.These are times when nothing is important but the bottom line,when you can do things any old way,when,in short,people look on work as a path to ever-increasing consumption rather than a way to realize their own abilities.3.(2006)In such a period it is a rare comfort

24、to find a cobbler who gets his greatest satisfaction from pride in a job well done.4.(2006)What makes this class differ from the lower class is,first,longer periods of employmentand therefore,more fixed incomesand,second,employment in skilled or semiskilled occupations,not unskilled ones.5.(2007)Tod

25、ay it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past.6.(2007)For decades,the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine,a chemical very cheap and easy to make.7.(2008)It very well might

26、be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you cant move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself.8.(2008)The best way to get rid of a negative serf-image is to realize that your image is far from objectives,and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities.Ch

27、anging the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image.9.(2008)The issue is not the accuracy of Tolstoys descriptionit seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts:other things that could be said of the

28、man are not said.10.(2008)To have ones ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.“Well,well,why dont you say anything?”said he,as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect anyone but himself,Napoleon.General reading strategies(策略策略)for st

29、udents:1.Read phrase by phrase,rather than word by word.2.Dont try to understand every word in a text.3.Focus on the important information which helps you answer the questions,read the rest quickly.4.Use background knowledge to help understand the text.5.Make full use of the four options（选项）选项）to gu

30、ide you.6.Read the questions first.Reading with a purpose counts.Learn to Analyze and Interpret Long&Difficult Sentences.Teaching goals:Get students to learn about some efficient ways of analyzing long&difficult sentences;Enable students to deal with reading comprehension more efficiently,quickly,ap

31、propriately and skillfully;Help students develop good learning and reading strategies.Students are encouraged to co-work to achieve an objective in a group.Make sure students get successful experience of reading comprehension.Key points:Analyze what makes a sentence difficult to understand;Provide s

32、tudents with aids to simplify long and difficult sentences.Difficult points:Potential difficulties for almost all students lie in:lack of knowledge of sentence structure and elements;Even larger challenge for students struggling with English is to give good feedback by expressing themselves clearly and informatively.Teaching methods:1.Task-based language teaching and learning;2.Explaining,discussing and practicing.Teaching facilities:A multimedia platform and some possible handouts to be used in class.VI.Self-reflections