完形填空基本解题技巧.ppt

《完形填空基本解题技巧.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《完形填空基本解题技巧.ppt（37页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、完形填空完形填空高考英语完形填空趋势高考英语完形填空趋势 从近几年浙江高考的完形填空来看，已经从近几年浙江高考的完形填空来看，已经不再纯粹考核学生语法方面的知识了，而不再纯粹考核学生语法方面的知识了，而是从是从语义搭配、结构搭配、惯用搭配及逻语义搭配、结构搭配、惯用搭配及逻辑知识辑知识等方面来测试学生等方面来测试学生词汇的掌握及运词汇的掌握及运用用。而且有些词的选择，必须在理解整篇。而且有些词的选择，必须在理解整篇文章的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。也文章的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。也就是就是侧重于考查学生的侧重于考查学生的逻辑思维能力逻辑思维能力和对和对具体语境具体语境的把握，尤其是对的把握

2、，尤其是对整体语义整体语义的理的理解能力。解能力。完形填空体裁特点及应考策略完形填空体裁特点及应考策略 体裁体裁特特 点点策策 略略 夹叙夹叙夹议夹议事事-理理理理事事理清事情来龙去脉理清事情来龙去脉作者的作者的态度和情感态度和情感叙议结合叙议结合话题话题正反正反/作者观点作者观点 论点论点论据论据结论结论分清分清话题与观点话题与观点论点与论据相印证论点与论据相印证议议论论文文说说明明文文事物或事理的说明事物或事理的说明弄清说明对象弄清说明对象近年高考完形填空题型特点近年高考完形填空题型特点1.以叙为主以叙为主,叙议结合叙议结合;2.篇章短小篇章短小,意义完整意义完整;3.首句完整首句完整,主

3、题明确主题明确;4.结构清晰结构清晰,层次分明层次分明;5.考查语境考查语境,侧重辨析侧重辨析;6.实词为主实词为主,虚词为辅虚词为辅;7.逻辑推理逻辑推理,隐于语篇隐于语篇;8.常识语法常识语法,每年出现。每年出现。读读填填读读完形填空解题完形填空解题“三字经三字经”1.1.读读-速读全文，把握大意速读全文，把握大意 快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，快速阅读一下全文，通过通览全文、领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等情节、写作风格等等。2.2.填填-紧扣文意，瞻前顾后紧扣文意，瞻前顾后 先易后难，逐层深

4、入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识索，注意词汇的意义、搭配，惯用法，语法，常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。等多个角度进行综合考虑。3.3.再读再读-全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确 试填后，要把全文再通读一遍试填后，要把全文再通读一遍 ，注意看所选答，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、

5、首尾呼应。前后照应前后照应 行文逻辑行文逻辑 上下暗示上下暗示 习惯用法，固定搭配习惯用法，固定搭配 生活常识，文化背景生活常识，文化背景主题主题 theme theme语篇语篇discourse完形填空完形填空技巧一技巧一 前后照应前后照应同词复现同词复现同义复现同义复现1.1.同词复现同词复现涉及题号：涉及题号：44，49,49.There is an ancient whistling language The whistle came with the settlers from Africa,where there are records of other _ languages.w

6、histled44.There are no exact records about its _.who were of North Africa origin.origin 1)“Takeabiteofeachone.Seeifthathelpsyoudecidewhichoneiswhich.”Hetook_,andthenahugesmilecameacrosshisface.A.bigbitesB.deepbreathsC.afirmholdD.acloselook2)TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inpartic

7、ular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andA.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen3)Mostpeoplebelievetheydonthavemuchimagination.Theyarewrong.Everyonehas_,butmostofus,oncewebecomeadults,forgethowtomakeuseofit.

8、A.creativityB.memoryC.imagination D.limitation2.2.同义复现同义复现涉及题号：涉及题号：55,The _ road network,and later,the development of the moble phone,deprived the language of growing1.Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebabysheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfathersclotheswereju

9、sttwooftherecommended27.A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods2.AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药炸药).“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame23byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.”A.famousB.sickC.richD.popular3.On27February2

10、008,somethingunusualhappenedinBritain;therewasaratherlargeearthquake.Itwasthe_UKearthquakein25years.A.biggestB.loudestC.deadliestD.scariest 注意句与句、段与段之间的注意句与句、段与段之间的起承转合起承转合，把握事件，把握事件发生、发展的顺序和内在联系及文章中的发生、发展的顺序和内在联系及文章中的连接词连接词,准准确判断逻辑关系。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻确判断逻辑关系。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如平行关系、转折关系、让步关辑关系的理解，如

11、平行关系、转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。比关系等。技巧二技巧二 行文逻辑行文逻辑-注意连词注意连词涉及题号：涉及题号：41，45，51，,53,55,57,6041:It once seemed to be _ out,but now it is undergoing a revival(复兴复兴).dying45:It is known that _ the first European settlers arrived at in the 15th century,the people.when51.I

12、n order to _ being picked up,.so the people from and couldnt find themavoid53.At that time,learning to whistle wasnt a matter of _,but a necessity.pleasure55.The _ road network,and later,the development of the mobile phone,deprived the language of.growing 57.By the 1970s and 80s,there were only a fe

13、w whistlers _,but at the there was renewed interest in silbo.remaining60.Whistling is _ to the islands tourism industry,just as in the UK there is a branch of tourism linked to learning English.important1)As a result,all students must complete sixty hours of service learning,_ they will not receive

14、a diploma.A.and B.or C.but D.for 2)_ I needed to sleep in the afternoons,I was limited in my choices.(2011浙江高考）浙江高考）A.If B.As C.Though D.Before3)My family are all musicians,so I was _when I went into our local music store.(2011浙江高考）浙江高考）A.recognized B.interviewed C.found D.invited4),replied Wrs OBri

15、en with a _smile and shinning eyes.Thank you so much for returning it.(2011浙江高考）浙江高考）A.wide B.confident C.proud D.shy技巧三：上下暗示技巧三：上下暗示涉及题号：涉及题号：42,48,50,54,56.5942.The language,called silbo gomero,has a _that is perfectly suited to the native landscape of It can travel up to two miles.quality48.There

16、 are no exact records about its origin.So the most _ theory is that.50.Some locals _ its widespread use in the 1940s and 50s.probablerecall54.Whistling began to _ in the 1950s,when economic difficulties forced most of the whistlers to leave.56.and later,the development of the mobile phone,deprived t

17、he language of its _function.59.Silbo is mostly heard in restaurants that provide whistling _ for tourists.showsdeclinepractical（2012 浙江）浙江）Why had it arrived here today?As if _,a note fell from the paper.A.in contrast B.in return B.C.In exchange D.in answer Then I had to walk several blocks in the

18、increasingly heavy rain.When I finally got to my office,I was 47 through,exhaust-ed and 48 .47.A.wet B.weak C.sick D.hurt48.A.ashamed B.discouraged C.surprised D.puzzled 技巧四：习惯用法和固定搭配技巧四：习惯用法和固定搭配涉及题号：涉及题号：47,52,58 47.With the arrival of the Spanish,the locals had to _ the whistling language to Span

19、ish.52.So the people from the council couldnt _ what the locals were saying.58.there was renewed interest in silbo,_ due to an attempt to make it adapt figure out in part 1.I want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in my life by the great example you _.A.followed B.gave C.set D.took

20、 2.Hurriedly,they packed their belongings and set off _ the direction of the river.A.for B.to C.at D.in3.On the road of life,the help of strangers can 37 our loads and lift our spiritsA.move B.increasing B.C.lighten D.carry4.She had just _ herself in a seat when the train _ out of the station.A.sett

21、led B.took C.made D.gave A.pushed B.pulled C.left D.started5.When Jane finally stepped onto platform,Her mother _ up to her.A.called B.picked C.rushed D.pushed技巧五：技巧五：生活常识及文化背景知识生活常识及文化背景知识涉及题号：涉及题号：43 43.It can travel up to two miles,much further and with much less effort than _.shouting1).shewasco

22、mpetingagainstverytalentedgirls,andsheknewitwouldbe18forhertobeselected.Twohourslater,the19readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout18.A.difficultB.easyC.boringD.interesting19.A.editorB.bossC.candidateD.judge2).Iwasasingleparentoffoursmallchildren,workingatalow-paidjob.Moneywasalwaystight,butwehada36overo

23、urheads,foodonthetable,clothesonourbacks,andifnotalot,always3736.A.roofB.hatC.skyD.star37.A.littleB.lessC.enoughD.more One man who was walking to work at the time described the moment the earthquake occurred,“Everything was shaking.As soon as it happened I saw many people 4 outside and I realised it

24、 was an earthquake.”4.A.rushing B.shaking 5.C.talking D.working巧解完形填空巧解完形填空高分技巧高分技巧一、研究首尾一、研究首尾找主题找主题二、上下联系二、上下联系寻信息寻信息三、左顾右盼三、左顾右盼找搭配找搭配四、思前想后四、思前想后觅逻辑觅逻辑五、语境分析五、语境分析辨词义辨词义六、集中精力六、集中精力破难题破难题七、回读检查七、回读检查补漏洞补漏洞v急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念解文意，无整体概念,边读边填，两眼忙于边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。空白与

25、选项之间，欲速则不达。v只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。v断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。不照应，前后矛盾。考生易失分的原因：考生易失分的原因：做题三忌做题三忌一、快速阅读能力二、词汇辨析能力词汇辨析能力三、词汇搭配的理解能力词汇搭配的理解能力四、逻辑推断能力逻辑推断能力五、运用常识能力运用常识能力六、揣测作者意图的能力六、揣测作者意图的能力备战完形填空备战完形填空能力必备能力必备如何提高能力技巧如何提高能力技巧一、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）二、打好基础关（固定搭配）三、扩充词汇量四、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好五、多做多练，以提高实战能力Practicemakesperfect.