现在完成时讲解与练习.pptx

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1、现在完成时的含义现在完成时的含义/功能功能表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响；表示到目前为止已经完成的事情；动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，还有可能延续到将来；例如：I have finished my homework.（我做完我的家庭作业了。）He has already come.（他已经来了。）I have lived in China since I was born.（我从出生的时候就一直住在中国。）第1页/共19页现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构肯定形式：主语+have/has+过去分词否定形式：主语+have/has+not+过去分词一般疑问句：Have/has+主语+过去分词

2、 肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has 否定回答：No，主语+have/has not特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+have/has+主语+过去分词例如：Have you ever been to the US.?（你去过美国吗？）Yes,I have.（是的，我去过。）No,I havent.（不，我没去过。）第2页/共19页现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词already 已经just 刚刚yet 还没有 用于否定句中用于否定句中ever 曾经recently 最近for+时间段since+时间点例如:I have already finished my homework.I havent

3、 finished my homework yet.Mr.Smith has stayed here for three months.用于肯定句中，放在用于肯定句中，放在have/has之后之后动作或状态从过去一直持续到现在动作或状态从过去一直持续到现在第3页/共19页现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语有：now,today,tonight,just,this week/year/month,already,yet,recently,for+时间段，since+过去的时间点，etc.对现在完成时的时间状语提问用how long.例如：I have had a dog

4、 now.（我现在有一条狗了。）We have learned about 3000 English words by the end of this term.（到上学期末我们已经学了3000个单词。）I havent heared from him recently.（最近我没收到他的来信。）How long have you stayed in China?第4页/共19页关于现在完成时的一些区分关于现在完成时的一些区分 have been to 去过某地（已回来,常和once,twice,never等连用）have gone to 去了某地（还未回来）have been in 已经在某

5、地，常与一段时间连用）例如：（比较）They have been in Chicago They have been to Chicago They have gone to Chicago have/has got形式上是现在完成时，但是含义与have/has相同。例如：Have you got a pen-friend?第5页/共19页关于现在完成时的一些区分关于现在完成时的一些区分现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：例如：I have just finshed my homework.I just finished my homework.现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时一般过去时含义含义/功能

6、功能强调过去发生的动作或状强调过去发生的动作或状态对现在产生的影响态对现在产生的影响只是表达过去某一具体只是表达过去某一具体时间发生过时间发生过某事某事结构结构have/has+have/has+过去分词过去分词过去式（过去式（diddid）第6页/共19页需要注意的两点需要注意的两点现在完成时句中，有表示一段时间的时间状语时，必须使用延续性动词 例如：I have arrived here.I have been here for two hours.在以下句型中在以下句型中，短暂性动词，短暂性动词要转换成延续性动词：要转换成延续性动词：完成时态的肯定句完成时态的肯定句句中有句中有forfo

7、r或或sincesince引导的，或其他种类的表示一段时间引导的，或其他种类的表示一段时间的时间状语的时间状语第7页/共19页1.1.实义动词转化成实义动词实义动词转化成实义动词短暂性动词短暂性动词对应的延续性动词对应的延续性动词borrowkeepbuyhavebegin to teachteachget to knowknowput onwearreceivehavecatch a coldhave a coldhear fromhave a letter from非延续性动词转换成延续性动词的方法非延续性动词转换成延续性动词的方法第8页/共19页2 2.转化成转化成be+be+形容词形容

8、词/介词介词非延续性动词转换成延续性动词的方法短暂性动词短暂性动词对应的延续性动词对应的延续性动词短暂性动词短暂性动词对应的延续性动词对应的延续性动词go/come therebe therebecome beget marriedbe marriedget upbe upcome backbe backbegin/startbe on(上演）上演）diebe deadfall asleepbe asleepleave be away(from)fall illbe illopenbe openmove here/therebe here/thereclosebe closedget tobe

9、 at/ingo/get outbe outreachbe at/infinish/endbe overarrive in/atbe at/in第9页/共19页3.3.转化成转化成be+be+名词（词组）名词（词组）非延续性动词转换成延续性动词的方法非延续性动词转换成延续性动词的方法短暂性动词短暂性动词对应的延续性动词对应的延续性动词join the Partybe in the Partybe a Party memberbe a member of the Partyjoin the Leaguebe in the Leaguebe a League memberbe a member o

10、f the Leaguejoin the armybe in the armybe a soldier第10页/共19页练习（一）单选练习（一）单选 1.Tom_the CD player for two weeks.has lent B.has borrowed C.has bought D.has had 2.-Have you ever_Beijing to see the Forbidden City?-Yes,I have.A.went to B.gone to C.been in D.been to3.I wont go to the concert because I _my t

11、icket.A.lost B.dont lose C.have lost D.is coming第11页/共19页练习（一）单选练习（一）单选6.How long have you _ this book？Abought Bborrowed Chad Dlent7.Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twice Ahave been Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone8.His grandpa _ for two years Awas died Bhas been dead Cwas dead Dhas died第12页/共19页练习（二）用

12、所给词的适当形式填空练习（二）用所给词的适当形式填空1.I_ already _(see)the film.I_(see)it last week.2._he_(finish)his work today?Not yet.3._you_(be)to Hong Kong?Yes,I_(be)there twice.第13页/共19页4.Wheres Li Ming?He_(go)to the teachers office.5.So far I_(make)quite a few friends here.6.How long_ the Wangs _(stay)here?For two wee

13、ks.练习（二）用所给词的适当形式填空练习（二）用所给词的适当形式填空第14页/共19页练习（三）句型转换练习（三）句型转换(每空一词每空一词)1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句改为否定句)I_ _been to Macau before.2.He hasnt come to school because hes ill.(就划就划线部分提问线部分提问)_ _ _he come to school?3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分就划线部分提问提问)_ _ _ _learned English?第15页

14、/共19页练习（三）句型转换练习（三）句型转换(每空一词每空一词)4.I bought a new bike just now.(用用just改写改写)I_ just _a new bike.5.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为改为同义句同义句)We_ English _three years.第16页/共19页练习（四）用练习（四）用for 或或since填空填空1.Jill has been in Ireland_Monday.2.Jill has been in Ireland_three days.3.My aunt has l

15、ived in Australia_15 days.4.Margaret is in her office.She has been there_7 oclock.第17页/共19页练习（四）用练习（四）用for 或或since填空填空5.India has been an independent country_1974.6.The bus is late.Weve been waiting_20 minutes.7.Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty_many years.8.Mike has been ill_a long time.He has been in hospital_October.第18页/共19页感谢观看！感谢观看！第19页/共19页