笔记肠道杆菌和弧菌.pptx

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1、i.EntericGram-NegativeRods(Enterobacteriaceae肠杆菌)妻钎潘高表硕律史虐峻稳牟董鉴捣蜀拆床弃巾栏饥流冤恕菜退巩灯忧祷烹肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第1页/共56页TheEnterobacteriaceaearealargeheterogenousgroupofgram-negativerodswhosenaturalhabitatistheintestinaltractofhumansandanimals.Thefamilyincludesabout29genera,over100species:EscherichiaShigellaSalmonel

2、laCitrobacterKlebsiellaEnterobacter肠杆菌属Yersinia克雷伯氏菌属柠檬酸细菌属耶尔森氏菌属讹汾纪速言且次头付弓反簇驱卑谗虱萄亿途系教沙义鞭蔬各逼腮套袄裂碰肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第2页/共56页Someoftheentericbacilli(e.g.,Escherichiacoli)arepartofthenormalfloraandmajorcausingagentofopportunisticinfection.SalmonellaeandShigellaearepathogenicforhumans.犹胸痊悯立秀泅万漳钠嚏晨憎影际享珍计运庇督拢

3、泅眷旬喀爱翻客算箍恰肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第3页/共56页GeneralcharacteristicsAllbacillibelongingtoEnterobacteriaceaeareshortGram-negativerods,eithermobileornon-mobile,nospore,somehavecapsulesandpili.Size:0.4X3m过像瓤障禁谷沪威屁及插嘘疟笔卫硷烫馅敌秆肤胎蚤揖歪诞吧招服忌枷廷肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第4页/共56页GeneralcharacteristicsAllbacillibelongingtoEnterobacteriace

4、aearefacultativeanaerobesoraerobes.Theygrowincommonmedia.Mostoftheentericbacilliformcircular,gray,smoothcolonieswithdistinctedges.膳隧含谣与直扮议笺帅钒鸭幕镰逢糕垛酪播臂歇旱麻萌嫡簇线盐魄积随要肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第5页/共56页lactosefermentation乳糖发酵Mechanism:Non-pathogenicentericbacilliareabletofermentlactosewhilepathogenicentericbacillisuc

5、hasShigellaandSalmonellaarenot.Basiccomponents:lactoseandapHindicator呛翱玖撕失龚于谚稀佰售游吟诌桅炸贡沙捅碴绎斟犁曲且粪头历居律郡馁肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第6页/共56页lactosefermentationResultscolored colonies(red)colored colonies(red)non-pathogenic non-pathogenicyesnowhite colonieswhite colonies pathogenic pathogenicUsetodifferentiatenon-pat

6、hogenicE.ColifrompathogenicShigellaandSalmonella-SSagarplate蛋彦踪佰斩物吮搏舰扯夜浸袜汛梯款娇歉择柱闹脱秘撼吕趁趾腕叙谆徐约肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第7页/共56页lactoselactoseDoublesugarironagarslants:containsglucose,lactose,ironacetate醋酸亚铁andpHindicator.Results:hydrogensulfide(H2S)+-lactosefermentation样媚琼竿碑碳娘寞儡湍泞姚卿隶余典侍擞丑容帝巾剖军筋冶惨晚采向堪敲肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌

7、和弧菌第8页/共56页GeneralcharacteristicsEnterobacteriaceaehavecomplexantigenicstructuresH(flagellar)Agsomatic O Ag(lipopolysaccharide)K/Vi(capsular)Ag剥丧洱苍蔼锅甩寞咎苔喧十舔罗崇蝴胞姓芯新慰耳混储哲镊劣匹轿郊钠粱肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第9页/共56页GeneralcharacteristicsCommonpathogenicmaterialsforEnterobacteriaceaeinclude:bacterialstructures(flagell

8、a,capsules)toxins(enterotoxin,endotoxin)鸦凿郭饯擅煌镶吟退屯沽盼黎缚紫崖芋逮悠锡煌骇供狠热痞庶蔽紊枷廷铂肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第10页/共56页Escherichiacoli大肠埃希菌霹趋球傲随疯乘咕淖讨株琐衍固澈汉蜡沤美茬看绝匣澜贰桩枷电横锄烧呵肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第11页/共56页Morphology and identificationGramnegativebacillusMotilewithflagellaRedcoloniesonSSagarmediummoststrainsfermentlactoseproductionofa

9、cidandgaswithin2448hAntigens:O-Ag,H-Ag,K-AgIMViC:+闽绝赠邪您惰黎凑给花华嘱半岔韩达整留瘴扛讽陕脚较且外槐磁帐宅英郧肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第12页/共56页Transmissionisbyfecal-oralroute.Virulencefactorsinclude:Flagella:induceadhesionCytotoxicenterotoxins:causediarrhea(sometimeswithblood)andtissuedamage.Invasionfactors:permitinvasionofbacteriaintom

10、ucosa.Pathogenesis牙兴嫉慑牛酝沦勤琳瑰救崎靴瘴乒景佣毗启堵印豆惠樟揖死铣鼻膝群寒痘肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第13页/共56页PathogenesisInfections outside of intestines(caused by bacterial translocation 寄居部位改变)Opportunisticinfectionincludingsepticemia败血症,pneumonia肺炎,meningitis脑膜炎andurinarytractinfections泌尿系统感染舒品藏痹矿涯杭貌促雀牵裤翻秆货崇洋窃测缓涵挣具滴粕多坯塑津冰恳何肠道杆菌和弧菌肠

11、道杆菌和弧菌第14页/共56页E.coliassociatedurinarytractinfectionE.colicausesurinarytractinfectionssuchasacutecystitis急性膀胱炎andnephritis肾炎.惜排铁慈剂咨澄揭揍逐颓个氟反衫渝彝醇寸馅煎静崭岂乓辙粕团臆哥熙淆肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第15页/共56页PathogenesisInfections inside of intestines:Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎,diarrhea 腹泻 caused by Pathogenic E.coli.鹿勤骏婪章泞菠左览爽糠渡弯料牛胰

12、帜瓦戍梦淬檀渝巾苫角皋谴嘲愚撒眺肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第16页/共56页Enterotoxigenic E.coli(ETEC)肠产毒型Itcausesdiarrheasimilartocholerabutmuchmilderindegree.Theycancausetravellersdiarrhea“anddiarrheaininfant.Twotypesofplasmid-encodedtoxinsareproduced.a)Heatlabiletoxins(LT):不耐热肠毒素similartocholeratoxin(seecholerasectionbelow)b)Heats

13、tabletoxins(ST):耐热肠毒素Clinicalsignsofcauseddiseasearewaterydiarrhea,feverandnausea头晕.毛侧季惶页搬批拧扣迅耸芳涎莆差掖瓣剃兽目棒疲述十沈糊菜功澡与碗郡肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第17页/共56页Enteroinvasive E.coli(EIEC)肠侵袭型Itiscommonlyfoundassociatedwithelderchildrenandadultdiarrhea，withnoproductionofenterotoxins，infectandgrowintheenterocytes.Morpholo

14、gically,itisaShigella-likeE.coliwithoutflagella.AverysmallnumberofEIECcancauseseriousillness(highvirulence).Acuteinflammatoryresponse炎症反应andtissuedestructionproducediarrheawithlittlefluid,muchbloodandmucus脓血便。诫髓规芥囱弘影审焉殉启翟呸姻毋谴醚笋滚吁囊以肥剁矗站粘蒙虱肛邮着肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第18页/共56页Enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC)肠致病型Iti

15、scommonlyfoundassociatedwithinfantdiarrhea，noproductionofenterotoxins,noinvasiveness.Thereisacharacteristicmorphologicallesionwithdestructionofmicrovilli微绒毛withoutinvasionoftheorganism,suggestingimportanceofbacterialadhesion.Clinicalsigns:fever,waterydiarrheawithandnon-bloodystools,vomiting呕吐andnaus

16、ea.榨寄玛声批剩辟惊毛湘魏杭惫釜私癌扑券店焕尽牺乃捆犀宠煞蛇稀酱圃狗肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第19页/共56页EHECproducesexotoxin.Theillnessischaracterizedbyseriousabdominalpain腹痛anddiarrheawhichisinitiallywaterybutthenbecomesbloody.Inchildren,thediseasemaybeprogressedtoasystemicstagecalledashemolyticuremicsyndrome溶血性尿毒综合征(kidneyinjury)with10%deathr

17、ate.Enterohemorrhagic E.coli(EHEC)肠出血型肇米撞帚阉捐霉巫爷贾父两续井哩晤斡铲诸仓杜粘芋兑硅饺灌编栋桅秧荤肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第20页/共56页Itcausesapersistent,mucus-waterydiarrheawithvomitinganddehydrationininfants.Itproducesenteroaggregativeheat-stabletoxin.Itproducesmucousassociatedautoagglutinin自体凝集素whichcausesaggregationofthebacteriaatthece

18、llsurfaceaswellasformationofbiofilm生物膜.EnteroaggregativeE.coli(EAggEC)肠聚集型嗽做凤趣崇李挤柳勿赃土迁呐响病吐闯睦拥计毒嘉捍决惋积在傲主另膘蜘肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第21页/共56页Sanitary 卫生的 significanceTotalbacterialnumber:Thenumberofbacteriacontainedpermlorpermgofthesample,andthestandardfordrinkingwaterislessthan100bacteria.Coliformbacteriaindex

19、大肠杆菌指数:Thenumberofcoliformbacteriacontainedper1000mlofthesample,andthestandardfordrinkingwaterislessthan3.哎态桐痹男娜矮屑斌驳嚏料钒葵窝韭蕉枚梅忿乡虑簇拣疮媳顽扛鹊照台稀肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第22页/共56页Shigella志贺菌弹畴勺想饲聋护孔延亿筒蓉业然慧珍炙胡挠敢君每既种新贪赴蝴盼涨盅忙肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第23页/共56页ClassificationAccordingtothedifferenceofOantigen,Shigellastrainsaredivide

20、dinto4groups:S.dysenteriae痢疾志贺菌S.flexneri福氏志贺菌S.boydii鲍氏志贺菌S.sonnei宋内志贺菌落钻问簿祭虹思荷亥馒蚤渺方坤庆骑蒙亿镰心黄阳砸悍感钓仓碘覆赏埃萄肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第24页/共56页MorphologyandidentificationGram-negativebacilli，nosporeandcapsulenon-motile(withoutflagella)non-fermentationoflactoseMotility Test（-）（+）Onregularagarplate:Mediumsize,smooth,

21、semitransparentcoloniesantigenicstructures:OandKantigens紊汉吝艾供裳召愚辈些瘦削话糠每焦死赐骸险模墅哲污箕溜杠椰衫坠昏慎肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第25页/共56页Pathogenicfactorspiliendotoxin：fever，toxicshock,inflammationresponse,ulcer,bloodystool,abdominalpainexotoxin:Shigelladysenteriaecanproduceanexotoxincalledasshiga-toxin志贺毒素.Shiga-toxinisente

22、rotoxic,cytotoxicandneurotoxic.Sothedysenterycausedbythismicrobeismoreseriousthanthatbytheotherthreegroups.湍奄萌浚抗擒钻宗篱障有播漫样耙绘挎冈邪凋热满倍殿搅倚挟倍奸聪巧膀肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第26页/共56页ClinicalfindingsShigellaisthemostcommonofbacteriatocausebacterialdysentery细菌性痢疾inhumanwithcharacteristicbloodandmucusstools.Shigellaonlyin

23、vadesintestinalmucosaandneverentersbloodstream不入血.Theendotoxincanbeabsorbedintobloodstreamtocauseendotoxemia内毒素症.Toxicdysentery:Inchildren,Shigellainfectioncancausesystemictoxicsymptoms全身毒性症状.Childrensufferingfromtoxicdysenterydisplayahighdeathrate.嘴狗仁逊扫犹勃案尧冗书愿听工避槐雷执遵隔能益褐兜误勺蚜复轧炮鸽贰肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第27页/

24、共56页Systemic toxic symptoms Abdominal cramps,diarrhea,fever,and bloody stools镶餐奠胡箱叮颖篆小喊走茎捐积沮输硫罩拟雏柔溪烦兼捌洗扭癌舰茨呕遣肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第28页/共56页Preventionoffecal-oraltransmissionisthemosteffectivecontrolstrategy.Dysenteryistreatedwithantibiotics.ButmultipledrugresistancemediatedbyplasmidsarecommoninmanyShigella

25、strains.Vaccinesarenotcurrentlyavailable.Control笔扦骨涩越平愿冶劣贮型菲佯刮倾晾促茶群内梧欢娩珐而政稼咀撼放樊糯肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第29页/共56页Salmonella沙门菌属业肪藩潜甭腑氟袁虱竭鲜拔刮那倡鳞锭竟鸟驭借助婪考户胎旭寥搞炽前出肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第30页/共56页Gram negative bacilli,with pili,no spore,no capsule(but with slime capsule)motile with flagellaNon-fermentation of lactoseantige

26、nic structures:O,H and Vi antigens (More than 2000 serotypes based on antigenic difference)Morphologyandidentification载撰寝软购迹莽除炒耽颗屑生岔纬虏师鳖汉疼脉杏徘窄色扰报挠厢密请菠肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第31页/共56页Pathogenic factorsVi antigen:consisted of capsular polysaccharide.It resists phagocytosis and plays an important role during in

27、vasion of Salmonella.Endotoxin:fever,toxic syndrome,shock,enteric inflammationEnterotoxin:watery diarrhea协旧惫填眯畔坪味镑忿迁地畔弊惜边谊推残疵筷佑牛中崭揉绕洛族佑府比肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第32页/共56页DiseasesHumanandmanydifferentanimalscanbecarriedorinfectedwithSalmonella.Salmonellacansurviveingallbladderbecauseofitsbileresistanceandestab

28、lishchroniccarriage.麦呻怕沸许红焚惭挠稍侣蔡健兰日蹈吞厕勘肿搏异缔排棠搬孟肢驯掠蒸庸肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第33页/共56页DiseasesEntericfever(typhoidfever)肠热症Food-poisoning肠胃炎（食物中毒）Septicemia败血症剩蹭牌盗僻昧母洁垄歉盘胃铭汛淌杀肛氮穷医灌等佰戎央厨驾坛红肛器涩肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第34页/共56页Entericfever/typhoidfever两钓炊曹逗膀娇贵焦诀俱抑峪央枪涂薄奏免纶淌韦绅淫屏壕陪五琳辈亢滨肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第35页/共56页Entericfever/typh

29、oidfeveristhemostseriousformofsalmonellainfectionwhichonlyoccursinhuman.Carryingstateofthemicrobesinhumaniscommonsothatonecarriercancausealotofspread.Inuntreatedpatients,thedeathrateisfrom7%to14%.Antibiotictherapyisessential,vaccinesarenotwidelyeffectiveandnotgenerallyused.培锌揭寇戌各疹栅掺构扒狭焊壶屎故荔命坝趣众碾娘雄伞聪

30、标蝇游敞禾忠肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第36页/共56页livingstorehousesandfactoriesofdiseaseandhumanculturetubes.TyphoidMaryAhealthycarrieroftyphoidwhobythistimehadalreadyinfectednumerouspeoplethroughhercooking.Shehadbeenquarantinedagainstherwillforovertwoyearsonanisland.溺摩见耙徊寂育讶罗贿跺扣茁秤卵衔绳虹肩秽自蛤孟滚赊哨毒倦觉产游查肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第37页/共5

31、6页Themicrobeinitiallyinvadesintestinalmucosalepitheliumandpropagateinthelocal.Themicrobepenetratesintothebloodstreamtocausethefirstbacteremia菌血症withsymptomsoffever,generaldiscomfortandpain.Themicrobeentersmanyorganssuchasliver,spleen脾,kidney肾脏,gallbladder胆囊andmarrowforfurtherpropagation.Themicrobepe

32、netratesintothebloodstreamagaintocausethesecondbacteremiawithserioussymptomsofhighfever,swellofspleenandliver,rose-coloredspotsinskin,andtissueinjury.(Majorpathogenicfactors:Viantigenandendotoxin)Diseasedevelopment李亡台淬聚俗囊迪蛋禹颖祭赏壳肆闲纳罗涂刚坯涸申侯沃袖枪佣娜欢算雹肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第38页/共56页驯博参晤挚蝴澡孙钢色脓愿品悼秉绎臃烫滩魏旋魏左肩淌爆谗麻喉棚饺

33、晓肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第39页/共56页rose-coloredspotsinskinEntericfever律侧卜耽心徽驾很掌荣甄宵硒孵树掌搁姓臆送饥监慎论砌赠斜层施袁倍爵肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第40页/共56页Gastroenteritisandsepticemia留居雁谓汰击联今轮界剥牵太娱讨俩噬规气像蒂贯迎徽挺释于宜伎袖玄黔肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第41页/共56页Gastroenteritis(foodpoisoning):ItisthemostcommonSalmonellainfectionsandusuallytransmittedfromcontaminat

34、edfood.However,onlyafewoffoodpoisoning-causingsalmonellaserotypescanproduceenterotoxin.Septicemia:ManySalmonellaserotypescancausesepticemia.Thisdiseaseiscommonlyfoundinchildrenoradultwithlowimmunity.坛湖亿挥衔惹熙地牙边扎筏脐炼川杯癌邹壹谁潍饲八巳贩油主哥岸扩乏菱肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第42页/共56页LaboratoryDiagnosis1.Specimencollectionofenter

35、icfever:Inthefirstweek,bloodiscollectedassamplesbecauseofthefirstbacteremia.Fromthesecondweekon,stoolandurinearecollectedassamplesbecauseofeffluenceofthebacteriafromstoolandurine.镣窟运陀甚造弘鲍场斌分丢佣僳亿帚塔钟玻面穆学扒玫附氨罢尿蓟镶潍剩肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第43页/共56页2.WidaltestDefinition:aagglutinationtestusingtheknownOandHantigens

36、ofS.typhitodetectspecificserumantibodies.粘锤邢播慕绢酮惩吞勒汝谁锚龟轨制隧搭环裤胡抒丰荡方纸霜辣宁五汉秀肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第44页/共56页ii.Vibrio cholerae(Cholera 霍乱)近调赘肺蹭歼袋针郑蛆堰套历技逻笼蝶镜频给次果乡灿秉胃笋亦涸模嘱扒肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第45页/共56页GeneralindroductionofcholeraCholeracausedbyVibriocholeraeischaracterizedbyprofusewaterydiarrheaandseriousvomitingwhichr

37、esultinginextremelossoffluidandelectrolytes电解质,shockandkidneyprostration肾衰竭.Ifpatientsareuntreated,thedeathrateisashighas60%.Choleraremainsamajorglobalepidemicdisease.Therehavebeen8greatoutbreaksintheworld.*In1991,agreatoutbreak(7th)startedinPeru.MorethanamillionpatientswerefoundinCentralandSouthAme

38、rica.*In1992,anothergreatoutbreak(8th)startedinIndiaandthenspreadnearlywholeofAsia.NotthetypicalserogroupO1buttheserogroupO139,anewfoundcholerapathogencausedthisoutbreak.豢寞儒规修衙羚陷娱瓜硬患翅帧坛殖骂送辊湛停沥靶貉悟挡恃莫钡谗味壁肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第46页/共56页Cholera:outbreak in India 塑淤簿例痒误凸贺潦癸碴霹甲立选菩纂侥绒了炉芥诬鹃痔每壮契锄晃优叼肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第47

39、页/共56页A.Biologicalcharacteristics痉吁贼祖诅觉岭封高材姆拈凰晦葵僻跋恳吞姚勉汲艳陆巫旱奸棘铜忍壤浚肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第48页/共56页V.choleraearehighlymotile,Gram-negative,curved弧形orcomma-shaped逗点状rodswithasinglepolarflagellum单鞭毛,nospore.Morphologyoftypicalorganisms辜愈擂骤小灶跃咱坐屿塘畏陡腺雅颅技衷蜗蝇认谰蚁盖羹萝沦剪呸习衣郧肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第49页/共56页CultureCharacteristical

40、ly,V.choleraecangrowinmediawithveryhighpH(pH8.5-9.0)andarerapidlykilledbyacid.Catalasepositive,IndoletestpositiveOandHantigensAntigenicstructures盆嫩矫倚宠反丈距迸筐疹算蜘矮体汗啤为渍诧蝶赔阔肢华赐吱娩稠使剧下肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第50页/共56页B.Pathogenicityvirulentfactorsclinicalfindings镊慎屎怂秸帖积获吊掩汝幌磨氨针屡凡沸陇痢肋登疽联烹堤员弯僧口貉挠肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第51页/共56

41、页Flagellum:offersanabilitytopenetrateentericmucuslayertoreachthesurfaceofhostcells.Pilus:offersanabilitytoadherehostcells.Choleratoxin(enterotoxin):themostimportantvirulentfactorwhichinducingtheelectrolyteandwaterhypersecretion过度分泌ofhostcells.Thistoxinischromosomallyencodedanditsmoleculecontainssubu

42、nitsAandB.晨溪详咯骂幅审叠洒僧省漫撂铱娠昔囤饯屠荤昆癌阻崇捌拙用莹殃士驭论肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第52页/共56页PathogenicmechanismofcholeratoxinSubunitBbindstoitsreceptoronthesurfaceofepithelialcellsandprovidesachannelforallowingsubunitAtoenterhostcell.步悉农夯弱挖酌拜楷挤焉瓣透符它崖瞧贬哎各典听晒程巍贞痛宪弧技曰绒肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第53页/共56页Dehydrationisthemajorreasonfordeath.So

43、replacementoffluidpluselectrolyteismostimportantduringthetreatment.Antibiotictherapyisadditionallyused.Vaccination疫苗预防isonlypartiallyeffectiveandnotgenerallyrecommended.Itismostcommonlyusedbyinternationaltravelers.C.Control材必纠闪云超停低跺粪饱饶扰竣亡榜触展瓜词举伊崔怨绎当厨取屋作折娶肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第54页/共56页SummaryThemostimportan

44、tcontentsinthislecture:Generalintroduction:1)thesignificanceoflactosefermentation;2)thecategoriesofmajorantigensofenterobacteriaceae.E.coli:1)lactosefermentation;2)differentantigensShigella:themajorvirulentfactorsSalmonella:1)bileresistant;2)thedevelopingprocessoftyphoidfeverandtheassociatedvirulentfactors;Vibrio:1)V.choleraegrowsinhighpHmedia;2)virulentfactor:choleratoxin糠班呆灌辱簧饭蝴卯饿橡尾流秘漠溺嘴煮啥尔撬瓶沙行竣秒箩褂骂共枯段肠道杆菌和弧菌肠道杆菌和弧菌第55页/共56页感谢您的观看！第56页/共56页