高考英语二轮专题复习突破讲义：专题三-完形填空-Word版含答案.pdf

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1、 完形填空真题检测(一)2017 年 6 月浙江高考 Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq.Her library used to be a _36_ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge.They _37_ various matters all over the world.When the war was near,Alia was _38_ that the fires of war would destroy the books,which are more _39_ to

2、her than mountains of gold.The books are in every language new books,ancient books,_40_ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked the government for _41_ to move the books to a _42_ place,but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands._43_，she brought book

3、s home every night,_44_ her car late after work.Her friends came to _45_ her when the war broke out.Anis who owned a restaurant _46_ to hide some books.All through the _47_，Alia,Anis,his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library,_48_ them over the sevenfoot wall and _49_ them in the re

4、staurant.The books stayed hidden as the war _50_.Then nine days later,a fire burned the _51_ to the ground.One day,the bombing stopped and the _52_ left.But the war was not over yet.Alia knew that if the books were to be safe,they must be _53_ again while the city was _54_.So she hired a truck to br

5、ing all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区).Now Alia waited for the war to end and _55_ peace and a new library.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在伊拉克战争中，Alia Baker 和身边的人勇敢地保护图书馆书籍的故事。36 A.meeting B working C personal D religious 解析：选A 根据下文可知，爱书人士经常到Alia 的图书馆看书、分享知识，对于这些人来说，该图书馆是一个聚会处，故选meeting。3

6、7 A.raised B handled C reported D discussed 解析：选D 结合语境可知，他们在这里讨论全世界各种各样的事情，故选discussed，表示“讨论，议论”。38 A.worried B angry C doubtful D curious 解析：选 A 根据上文提到的战争即将来临，以及下文提到的Alia 和身边的人保护图书馆书籍的内容可知，此处指Alia 很担心书籍在战火中被毁掉，故选worried。39 A.practical B precious C reliable D expensive 解析：选B 根据语境及下文的“mountains of go

7、ld”可知，Alia 认为这些书比金山还要珍贵，故选precious，表示“珍贵的”。40 A.then B still C even D rather 解析：选C 空处上下文在语义上表示递进，指甚至(even)还有700 年前的有关伊拉克历史的书籍。41 A.permission B confirmation C explanation D information 解析：选A 根据语境可知，她希望得到政府允许把书搬到安全的(safe)地方，但他们拒绝了。ask sb.for permission 表示“请求某人的许可”，符合语境。42 A.large B public C distant D

8、 safe 解析：选D 参见上题解析。43 A.Fortunately B Surprisingly C Seriously D Secretly 解析：选 D 根据语境可知，每晚很晚下班后，Alia 秘密地把书带回家。secretly“秘密地，偷偷地”，符合语境。44 A.starting B parking C filling D testing 解析：选C 根据上下文语境及空后的“her car”可知，Alia 把书装到她的汽车里运回家。fill 表示“装满”。45 A.stop B help C warn D rescue 解析：选B 根据下文的内容可知，战争爆发后，她的朋友们也赶来帮

9、助(help)她。46 A.intended B pretended C happened D agreed 解析：选D 根据下文可知，Anis 同意把一些书藏在自己的餐馆里，agree to do.表示“同意做”。47 A.war B night C building D way 解析：选 B 根据语境可知，他们整个晚上都在从图书馆里搬书，这也照应了上文中的“every night”。48 A.put B opened C passed D threw 解析：选C 根据上下文可知，他们要把书递过7 英尺的高墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里。pass表示“传递”。49 A.hid B exchanged

10、 C burnt D distributed 解析：选A 参见上题解析。hide 表示“隐藏”。下文的hidden 亦是提示。50 A.approached B erupted C continued D ended 解析：选C 根据语境及上文中的“the war broke out”可知，战争还在继续(continued)。51 A.restaurant B library C city D wall 解析：选B 根据语境及下文中的“a new library”可知，图书馆被全部焚毁了，故选library。52 A.neighbours B soldiers C friends D cust

11、omers 解析：选B 一天，轰炸停止了，士兵们也离开了，所以选soldiers。53.A.sold B read C saved D moved 解析：选D 根据下文可知，Alia 知道，尽管城市是安静的，如果要想这些书安全，他们必须把这些书再转移(moved)出去。54 A.occupied B bombed C quiet D busy 解析：选C 参见上题解析。quiet 表示“安静的”。55 A.dreamed of B believed in C cared about D looked for 解析：选 A 根据语境可知，Alia 等待着战争的结束，梦想着(拥有)和平和一个新的图

12、书馆。dream of 表示“梦想，期盼”。完形填空真题检测(二)2016 年 10 月浙江高考 When my son Gene was about 12 years old,I started helping him learn to _36_.I bought twenty chickens and asked him to _37_ them.I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would _38_ the eggs from him.However,he would have to buy chicken _39

13、_ with the money he made from the eggs.Whatever money was _40_ would be his to keep.Gene was _41_，thinking he would make his first _42_.After several weeks successful work,I began to _43_ that egg production was going down.I _44_ nothing about it.Then one night,Gene told me he didnt have _45_ money

14、to buy the feed.He said the chickens had never _46_ a meal and he could not figure out why some of them had stopped _47_ eggs.Then I asked him if he had _48_ the amount of feed he had given the chickens.He was _49_.It was like he did not think anyone would ever _50_ what he had done.After a long _51

15、_，he said yes.He thought he would make more money if he gave them _52_ food.I asked him,“Did you fool the chickens？”I was just astonished at the question in my own _53_.I was dumbfounded(惊呆)at the _54_ of it.Yes,you can fool everyone else,but you cannot“fool the chickens”，because _55_，you will find

16、out,as the saying goes,“What goes around comes around.”语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过教儿子养鸡的经历，反思生活中对待问题的态度，从而得出重要的人生启示：永远不要耍花招，因为有因就有果。36 A.cook B share C count D work 解析：选D 根据下文内容可知，此处指作者开始帮助儿子学会做事，work“劳动，干活”。37 A.take care of B observe C train D play with 解析：选A 根据下文作者让儿子自己喂养鸡可知，他买来这些鸡让儿子照顾。observe“观察，遵守，庆祝

17、”；train“训练”；play with“与玩耍”。38 A.save B borrow C buy D keep 解析：选C 根据下文的“with the money he made from the eggs”可知，这里表示“我们从他这里买走鸡蛋”。39 A.nest B soup C meat D feed 解析：选D 根据第45 空后边的“money to buy the feed”可知，这里应用feed，表示“饲料”。40 A.given back B picked up C left over D brought in 解析：选C be left over“剩下，残留”，此处指“

18、剩下的钱由他保管”。41 A.thrilled B worried C satisfied D discouraged 解析：选A 根据语境可知，此处表示“想到他要挣得人生第一桶金，他感到很激动”。thrilled“非常兴奋，极为激动”。42 A.deal B contribution C fortune D choice 解析：选C 参见上题解析。43 A.hear B notice C predict D imagine 解析：选B 此处表示“我注意到鸡蛋的产量下降了”，故选B。44 A.said B found C thought D recalled 解析：选A 此处表示“我注意到鸡蛋

19、的产量下降了，但是我什么都没说”。45 A.private B honest C pocket D enough 解析：选D 根据语境可知，因为鸡蛋产量下降，所以吉恩没有足够的钱来买饲料了。46 A.missed B wasted C enjoyed D finished 解析：选A 此处表示“他说这些鸡从来没有少吃一餐，他不明白为什么有些鸡停止下蛋了”。miss“错过”；waste“浪费”；enjoy“喜爱”；finish“完成”。47 A.hatching B laying C gathering D hiding 解析：选B 参见上题解析。48 A.balanced B checked

20、out C cut down D measured 解析：选C 根据上文可知，有些鸡停止下蛋了，所以此处表示“我问他是否减少了鸡的饲料量”。balance“平衡”；check out“检查”；cut down“减少，削减”；measure“测量，度量”。49 A.delighted B shocked C tired D disappointed 解析：选B 根据下文的“he did not think.what he had done”可知，他没想到有人会知道他的所作所为，他感到震惊。50 A.forgive B allow C discuss D know 解析：选D 参见上题解析。51

21、A.silence B absence C negotiation D preparation 解析：选 A 此处表示“他沉默了一会儿，然后就承认了”。silence“沉默”；absence“缺席，不在”；negotiation“谈判”；preparation“准备”。52 A.heavy B fresher C less D solid 解析：选C 根据上文可知，他给鸡喂的饲料比以前少了。53 A.life B job C case D mind 解析：选D in my own mind 在此意为“在我的脑海里”。54 A.explanation B significance C trick

22、 D example 解析：选B 此处指“我想到了这个问题所揭示的意义”。significance“意义，含义”。55 A.in this respect B in the end C in contrast D in addition 解析：选B 此处表示“最终，你会发现，正如俗语所说，有因就有果”，故选B。一 完形填空考查动向 完形填空要求考生不仅能理解文字的含义，而且还要结合上下文语境进行思考，主要考查考生根据上下文正确使用词语的综合能力。下面就2017 年 6 月、2016 年 10 月浙江高考以及2017 年全国卷的完形填空试题做简单分析：卷别 体裁 题材 考点分布 动词(短语)名词

23、 形容词 副词 介词(短语)2017 年 6 月浙江高考 记叙文 Alia Baker和身边的人在战火中勇敢地保护书籍 10 4 4 2 0 2016 年 10月浙江高考 夹叙夹议文 因果报应 10 5 4 0 1 2017 年全国卷 记叙文 学习美式手语的经历及感受 9 5 5 1 0 1短文特点(1)长度：完形填空的文章长度一般为250 词左右，脉络清晰，难度适中。(2)体裁：完形填空文章体裁以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，说明文和议论文为辅，所以在备考中考生应高度重视记叙文和夹叙夹议文类的完形填空。(3)题材：选材内容生活化，心灵鸡汤、具有教育意义的文章居多。2设题规律(1)设空词类主要是五类

24、词：名词、动词、形容词、副词和介词短语。多数情况下，名词和动词考查的数量较多。(2)高考完形填空在选项的设置上，打破了传统的四个选项类别一致的命题规律。如2016 年10 月浙江高考完形填空第37 题和第48 题的四个选项均有两个动词及两个动词短语构成。(3)考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况，突出在语篇中对词汇的综合运用能力。不涉及或极少涉及单纯的语法知识、习惯用法和句型结构。备考时考生应把握考查方向，加强语篇意识，从宏观和微观两个层面解读文章，理清文章脉络。平时考生还应注重对常考体裁、题材的训练。二 完形填空解题的6 个微技能 1利用词语复现解题 在完形填空题目中，语篇复现的信

25、息包括原词复现、同义/近义词复现和同根词复现等。考生不需要做出推理判断，利用上下文的复现信息，就能轻松确定正确答案。(1)原词复现：在上下文中同一词汇反复出现 典例(201610 月浙江高考节选)When my son Gene was about 12 years old,I started helping him learn to 36(work).I bought twenty chickens and asked him to 37(take_care_of)them.I told him that they would be his own chickens and we would

26、 38(buy)the eggs from him.However,he would have to buy chicken _39_ with the money he made from the eggs.Whatever money was 40(left_over)would be his to keep.Gene was 41(thrilled),_thinking he would make his first 42(fortune)After several weeks successful work,I began to 43(notice)that egg productio

27、n was going down.I 44(said)nothing about it.Then one night,Gene told me he didnt have 45(enough)money to buy the feed.39 A.nest B soup C meat D feed 分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据第45 空后“to buy the feed”，可知Gene 卖鸡蛋挣的钱要用来买饲料，故选D。(2)同义/近义词复现：意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的语言复现 典例(2017全国卷节选)While high school does not generally

28、 encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this _41_ process and found something that has changed my 42(experience)at college for the better:I discovered ASL American Sign Language(美式手语)41 A.searching B planning C natural D fo

29、rmal 分析：本题可以利用近义词复现解题。第41 空是上文“explore”的近义词复现，故选A。(3)同根词复现：词形变化的词汇复现 典例(2016北京高考节选)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome,Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month,Dr.Welch 36(examined)a sick boy,Billy,and knew he had diphtheria,a deadly infect

30、ious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children.The children of Nome would be 37(helpless)if it struck the town.Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick.38(However),_the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away,in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome?The t

31、owns 39(harbor)was already full of ice,so it couldnt come by ship.Cars and horses couldnt travel on the _40_ roads.40 A.narrow B snowy C busy D dirty 分析：本题可以利用同根词复现解题。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，空处与首段最后一个单词snow 是同根词复现，故选B。2利用词语同现解题 某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫词语同现。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如ill,hospital,do

32、ctor,nurse,operation,medicine 等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。根据这种“同现”关系可确定某一空格的答案。典例(2016全国卷节选)Larry works with Transport Drivers,Inc.One morning in 2009.Larry was _41_ along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42(customers).Suddenly,he saw a car with its bright lights on.41 A.walking B touring C t

33、raveling D rushing 分析：此题属词语同现。最有可能与driver(司机)，transport(运输)，delivering(运载)等词同现的应当是“行驶(traveling)”，walking 和rushing 表示人行进，不是机动车行进，touring 表示“旅行”，故选C。3利用逻辑关系解题(1)利用逻辑关系语解题 逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义的连接成分，主要有：词(包括连词、副词和少数介词)，如and,but,or,because,though,however,yet,therefore,otherwise,despite 等。短语，如in other words,in

34、 addition,as a result,on the contrary,instead of 等。分句和独立结构，如that is to say,what is more,generally speaking 等。在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项。典例(20176 月浙江高考节选)Alia knew that if the books were to be safe,they must be _53_ again while the city was 54_(quiet).So she hired a truck to bring all the b

35、ooks to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区)53 A.sold B read C saved D moved 分析：根据后面的逻辑关系语“So”和“she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs”可知，她决定趁城市平静的时候，再次转移这些图书，故选 D。(2)利用上下文暗示解题 在完形填空选项的设置上多考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。因此，在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前

36、后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。开头的题目需要从下文查找信息；中间或最后的题目需要从上下文查找信息，信息常见的有单个的词、短语、句子，但有时是语境暗示。典例(20176 月浙江高考节选)Anis who owned a restaurant _46_ to hide some books.All through the 47_(night),_Alia,Anis,his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library,48(passed)them over the sevenfoot wall and 49(hid

37、)them in the restaurant.46 A.intended B pretended C happened D agreed 分析：根据下文语境可知，他们在夜里转移图书，由此可知，Alia 的朋友Anis 同意把图书藏在他的饭店里，故选D。4利用背景常识解题 完形填空题所选的文章大都贴近考生生活。考生在解题时，可以将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，但仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。典例(2016全国卷节选)Once fire and emerge

38、ncy people arrived,Larry and the other man _56_ and let them go to work.Then,Larry asked the 57(police)if he was needed or 58(free)to go.They let him and the other man go.56 A.stepped forward B backed off C moved on D set out 分析：消防人员和救援人员一到，Larry 和那位司机就退到后边让他们工作了起来。根据常识，紧急救援需要专业人员处理其他人员应该退后。step for

39、ward“往前走”；back off“往后退”；move on“继续往前”；set out“出发，动身”。故选B。5利用首尾呼应关系解题 记叙文类的完形填空在很多情况下不仅仅是在讲一个故事，而是要通过故事来升华主题，而升华的内容往往在文章结尾处，与首段内容形成首尾呼应关系。因此，我们做题不是只看到最后一空，而是要看到最后一个词，而且要学会“回头看”(重点看首段)。不要因我们过早地放松，忽略了首尾呼应关系，在最后一两道题上留下遗憾。典例(2017北京高考节选)Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba,Canada.One day,when she w

40、as five years old,she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a man 36(eating)out of a garbage can.She asked her mother why he did that,and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry.Hannah was very 37(upset)She couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives w

41、ithout shelter or enough food.Hannah started to think about how she could 38(help),_but,of course,there is not a lot one fiveyearold can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a _55_ in the world.You can,too!55 A.choice B profit C jud

42、gement D difference 分析：本题可以利用首尾呼应关系解题。文章首段讲到汉纳在五岁时看到无家可归的人在垃圾箱里捡东西吃，她很难过。通过首段尾句“Hannah started to.to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.”可知她很想帮助这些人。而末段“Hannah is.who are making a _55_ in the world.You can,too！”这句话与首段呼应。根据文章可知，汉纳的做法是众多年轻人中的一个例子，通过她的努力对这个世界有不小的影响。make a difference 为固定短语，意思是“有影响，起作用”

43、，故选D 项。6利用文章发展脉络解题 我们主张在做完形填空的时候要合理想象，其实就是合理思考和推理，不能“胡思乱想”，应“随文应变”，不可“一意孤行”，要随着文段发展脉络，调整预测偏差。典例(2017全国卷节选)The 46(story)began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club 47(performed)their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very 48(idea)of communicating without speaki

44、ng 49(attracted)me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50(past)This newness just left me 51(wanting)more.After that,feeling the need to _52_further,I decided to drop in on one of ASL clubs meetings.I only learned how to 53(sign)the alphabet that day.Yet instead of bein

45、g discouraged by my 54(slow)progress,I was excited.I then made it a point to 55(attend)those meetings and learn all I could.52 A.exercise B explore C express D explain 分析：本题可以利用文章发展脉络解题。所节选部分文章发展脉络为：大学第一周我观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演我被表演所吸引我想进一步学习更多手语方面的知识我参加俱乐部的会议。根据文章发展脉络可知，第52 题是在作者观看了美式手语俱乐部的表演后感受到了进一步“探索”(exp

46、lore)的必要，故答案为B 项。分文体训练，更有利于学生掌握不同文体的行文结构和布局，从而快速读懂文章、精准解题。完形填空模拟检测(一)记叙文(一)(共 3 篇，限时50 分钟)A(2017浙江宁波高三期末)One evening last fall,Marcos Ugarte was doing his homework in his room.His father,Eduardo,a _1_，was busy with his work.Then they heard someone yelling _2_.Eduardo,47,and Marcos,15,found the yelli

47、ng was from one of their neighbors homes,the Ma family.“I didnt think there was something _ 3_.”Eduardo said.He headed back inside to prepare lesson plans,_4_ Marcos eye was caught by something from Mas house.“Dad,the house is _ 5_！”Marcos cried.Then the barefoot teen _6_ to Mas home with his dad.Gr

48、andmother Yim Ma,mother Suzanne Ma,and son Nathan Ma were in the front yard,yelling for _7_.When the Ugartes got there,they saw through the open front door that father Alex Ma was running down from the stairs,_8_.“Is _ 9_ in the house？”Eduardo asked.“My son！”Alex _10_ to say,pointing to the second f

49、loor.Eduardo ran up the stairs,but thick smoke and great heat _11_ him to his knees.He crawled(爬行)upstairs where Alex said hed find Cody,eight,who had _12_ himself in a bedroom.“Id never seen _13_ like that，”said Eduardo.“My glasses _14_ turned black.”Eduardo hit his body on the bedroom door,but Cod

50、y didnt _ 15_.Eduardo made his way back downstairs.At the same time,Marcos saw Yim and Suzanne took a _16_ out of the garage.Cody was _17_ at the window.Marcos seized it,positioned it near the _18_，climbed toward the boy and got Cody out.The day after the fire,Alex _19_ Marcos.“Thank you for saving