2021届东莞市塘厦水霖学校高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案.pdf

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1、2021 届东莞市塘厦水霖学校高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A You have to praise the smoothness（顺畅）of ants on the move.No matter how many of them are going toward a place,theres never a hold-up.A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowi

2、ng by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments,researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants,animals that often move from colony（群落）to colony depending on where the food is.Making use of Argentine ants talent for fast travel,the researchers bu

3、ilt bridges connecting their colonies.The bridges were different in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch.The colonies,too,were of different sizes,ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic.To their surprise,even when those narrower brid

4、ges were full of ants,there were no traffic accidents.When the number of ants on the bridge increased,ants seemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making the traffic flow stop.the authors note.Moreover,ants avoided entering a busy road and made

5、sure that the bridge was never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans?The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole.Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road.Then the traffic moves very slowly.And yet,some impatient driver still acts

6、 like hes alone on the road.The research suggests that projects,like the ever-widening of highways,may never free us from traffic jams.As long as we drive along with our own habits,no matter how many other people are on the road,well always end up in a traffic jam.Indeed,less space may actually be a

7、 good thing.It leaves less room for individual choice and forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The results of the experiments.B.The purpose of the experiments C.The preparation of the experiments.D.The requirements of the experiments 2.What does

8、 the underlined word monitor in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.watch and check.B.seek and improve C.design and plan D.discuss and practise 3.What is the best title for the text?A.Is widening highways a solution?B.Why dont ants need traffic lights?C.Can we learn safe driving from ants?D.What can ants te

9、ach us about traffic jams?B Move over,helicopter parents.“Snowplow(扫雪机)parents”are the newest reflection of an intensive(强化的)parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts,texting their college kids to wake them up so they dont sleep through a test,and even calling th

10、eir kids employers.Helicopter parenting the practice of wandering anxiously near ones children,monitoring their every activity,is so 20th century.Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows:machines moving ahead,clearing any difficulties in their childrens path to success,so they dont

11、have to suffer failure,frustration(挫折)or lose opportunities.It starts early,when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them.It gets more intense when school starts:running forgotten homewor

12、k to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children dont ever meet with failure,but its not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting.This intensive parenting has become the most welcome w

13、ay to raise children,regardless of income,education,or race.Yes,its a parents job to support the children,and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children arent mature enough to do so.Thats why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a tee

14、nagers car keys until he finishes his college applications.But snowplow parents can take it too far,some experts say.If children have never faced a difficulty,what happens when they get into the real world?“Solving problems,taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,”many child deve

15、lopment experts say,“and if parents dont let their children experience failure,the children dont acquire them.”4.What do we know about snowplow parenting?A.It appeared before helicopter parenting.B.It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.C.It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.D.It

16、 provides more than enough services for children.5.What is mainly discussed about snowplow parenting in Paragraph 4?A.Its cost.B.Its benefits.C.Its popularity.D.Its ending.6.Why does the author mention parents taking away car keys?A.To show teenagers are no better than babies.B.To advise teenagers n

17、ot to treat their cars as toys.C.To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.D.To show its appropriate to help children when necessary.7.Whats the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?A.Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.B.Children mastering more

18、key life skills than parents.C.Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.D.Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.C I am a part of the Windward Robotics team known as the Omnicats,one of the many clubs offered at my school.My eight teammates and I started out by wa

19、tching the robotics qualifiers and finals of Chinese teams.We used these robotics videos for inspiration and drew up mind maps of what our team wanted to do.We meet every day for two hours after school in order to build our robots.Typically,adultsoverseewhat students are building,but my school lets

20、teens take control.It leaves room for more errors,but were prouder of our final product.Before our first real match,a practice was offered at the actual site.My sub-team had been further along than other teams but quickly fell behind.When we arrived on that big day,I immediately felt my teammates ne

21、rvousness.Our first match was in three minutes.All of us glanced around at each other since we were not prepared at all.Our robot was still sitting in a box.Two of our teammates rushed to take the robot for an official examination as the rest of us discussed our strategy(策略).Our team captain explain

22、ed that we all should try driving the robot now,while it was early in the season.She gave me the remote.I had only driven for a limited amount of time in practice so I was extremely nervous.Our autonomous code(自动代码)beganto run almost immediately after our short discussion.Despite all the drama,we en

23、ded up winning the match.Not too bad for the first match!I was so proud.I did not enjoy the pressure of driving but liked building the robot behind the scenes instead.We have transferred to a different type of robotics at the end of the semester,which involves the whole team designing one giant robo

24、t with large tools.I am a part of the electrical team now,so I make sure the motherboard(母板)can supply the robots energy needs.We have all enjoyed the rest of the season and learned that robotics it never dull!8.What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Inspect B.Admire C.Overlook

25、 D.Assume 9.Why did her teammatesfed so nervous before first match?A.Because it was really too difficult for them.B.Because they didnt prepare for it at all.C.Because they didnt know what the match would be like.D.Because they didnt make full preparations before the match.10.How did the author feel

26、about their first robotics match?A.It was tiring but exciting.B.It was stressful but wonderful.C.It was terrible but powerful.D.It was boring but professional 11.What is the best title for the text?A.A Girl Who Loves Robots B.My First Robotics Match C.Teamwork for Robots D.Robotics Is Never Dull D A

27、 maverick describes a person who thinks independently.A maverick refuses to follow the customs or rules of a group to which he or she belongs.In the US,a maverick is often admired for his or her free spirit,although others who belong to the mavericks group may not like the mavericks independent ways

28、.But where did the word“maverick”come from?Early in the 1800s,a man named Samuel Augustus Maverick settled down in Texas,which was a place of wide-open land,rich soil,cattle ranches(牛场)and cowboys.As the years passed,Mr.Maverick increased his property(财产)in Texas.Before long,he owned huge pieces of

29、land that were good for raising cattle.But he had no cattle.He wasnt a rancher.One day,a man came to Samuel Maverick to pay him an old debt.But the man didnt have enough money.So he offered Mr.Maverick 400 head of cattle.Mr.Maverick accepted them,but he didnt really want them.He simply put the cattl

30、e on his land to eat and care for themselves.It was not long before the cows reproduced(繁殖).The calves grew and had more calves.Soon,hundreds of cows and calves moved freely across Samuel Mavericks land.They also moved across the land of nearby ranch owners.It was a tradition among ranchers in the W

31、est to put a mark of ownership on newborn calves.They burned the name of their ranch into the animals skin with a hot iron.The iron made a clear mark called a“brand”.Brands allowed ranchers to easily see who owned which cattle.Samuel Maverick refused to brand his calves.“Why should I?”he asked.If al

32、l the other cattle owners branded theirs,then those without a brand belonged to him.And this is how the word“maverick”entered the American language.It meant a calf without a brand.As time passed,the word“maverick”took on a wider meaning.It came to mean a person who was too independent to follow even

33、 his or her own group.12.Why did the man give Samuel Maverick 400 head of cattle?A.To get some money.B.To return what he owed him.C.To buy some of his land.D.To ask him to raise them.13.How could the ranchers easily know who the cattle belonged to?A.Through the brand on the cattle.B.Through the name

34、 of the cattle.C.Through the appearance of the cattle.D.Through the land on which the cattle stayed.14.What can we learn about Samuel Augustus Maverick from the text?A.He was born in Texas.B.He took good care of all his cattle.C.He didnt really want to accept the cattle.D.He followed the tradition o

35、f ranchers in the West.15.What is the text mainly about?A.How to become an independent thinker.B.“Maverick”means a calf without a brand.C.The life story of Samuel Augustus Maverick.D.How the word“maverick”got into American English.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

36、Do you sometimes hesitate(犹豫)before asking others for things?As the saying goes,“He who hesitates is lost.Dont hesitate.You cant control how other people will act._16_Here are four things you can do to get other people to say“yes”:_17_If you dont care about what the other party wants or needs,it is

37、unlikely they will say yes”.Most people are,as Wharton professor and organizational psychologist Adam Grant calls them,“matchmakers”-people who help if you help them.Few are“givers”-people who help without seeking anything in return.Make the person feel comfortable.It is not so difficult to think ab

38、out what the other person wants._18_If you want them to feel comfortable,they need to trust you.If you want the other person to say“yes”to your request,think about the other person.Be silent.Still,you can make the person feel briefly uncomfortable.You do not have to immediately respond.Pause.Be sile

39、nt._19_It can make the other person want to fill the emptiness,start talking and give in to what you want.Let the person say no”first._20_Chris Voss argues that getting the other person to say“no”is a strategy for making the person feel comfortable.A.Silence causes discomfort.B.Be smart in how you s

40、ell your idea.C.But it is very hard to get them to trust you.D.Think about what the other person wants or needs.E.They are more likely to say“yes if you make it a win-win scene.F.Sometimes,you need the other person to say“no before they will say yes.G.But you can control your actions in a way that c

41、an increase the chances of a favorable result.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Many evolution coaches seem to agree that great things happen the minute we step outside of our comfort zone.For me,one of the most important things we should a

42、lways remember is that growthand_21_cant coexist.Personal development expert Napoleon Hill once said,“Whatever the mind can believe,it can achieve_22_how many times you may have_23_in the past or how great your aims and hopes may be.”This statement is_24_because it reminds us that were the only ones

43、 who can be_25_for how far well go.To reach any_26_,were usually required to_27_the way we do things.However,stepping outside of our comfort zone is probably the most important step toward_28_real changes.But persistence(坚持)and continuing to move forward are_29_important,as its extremely easy to sli

44、de back into old_30_without realizing it.For long,I wanted to live inArgentina,so halfway through my bachelors degree,I bought a one-way ticket there.While I was there,I was able to_31_the last two years of my degree online before flying home for graduation.I still live inArgentinanow,and I can prou

45、dly say that taking the_32_steps to make it a_33_was one of the most important things I ever did.Certainly,Im not suggesting we should all buy one-way tickets to foreign countries and just see what_34_.But its important for us to_35_what we want and try to bring our_36_to life.Living in a comfort zo

46、ne can trick us into_37_we have enough time,when years can fly by without us having accomplished what we really wanted to.We wont_38_have tomorrow to do what we could have done today.So,accept the discomfort and allow it to_39_you to try new things.You never know what you could be missing out on by

47、remaining_40_.21.A.hope B.safety C.comfort D.happiness 22.A.regardless of B.in terms of C.as a result of D.in consideration of 23.A.struggled B.succeeded C.missed D.failed 24.A.consistent B.powerful C.plain D.challenging 25.A.ready B.intended C.suitable D.responsible 26.A.level B.state C.goal D.dest

48、ination 27.A.change B.know C.discover D.follow 28.A.comparing B.experiencing C.accepting D.confirming 29.A.equally B.normally C.slightly D.potentially 30.A.times B.memories C.habits D.concepts 31.A.plan B.value C.complete D.require 32.A.direct B.effective C.quick D.necessary 33.A.motivation B.realit

49、y C.wonder D.possibility 34.A.happens B.exists C.helps D.matters 35.A.recognize B.create C.appreciate D.gain 36.A.thoughts B.chances C.efforts D.dreams 37.A.expecting B.admitting C.believing D.understanding 38.A.eventually B.always C.even D.certainly 39.A.encourage B.teach C.guide D.remind 40.A.mode

50、st B.self-confident C.independent D.self-content 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Shanghai Disneyland said on Wednesday it would build the worlds firstZootopia-themed（疯狂动物城为主题）land earlier this year.On Dec.10,it started building its Zootopia-themed land,_41._will bring