2021届中山市龙山中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案.pdf

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1、2021 届中山市龙山中学高三英语下学期期末试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Unique Lighthouses August 7 is National Lighthouse Day.Its a day to celebrate the lights that guide us home and the historic importance of lighthouses and their keepers,who not only guid

2、ed ships into harbor but also played key roles in naval battles across the globe.Check out these fantastic lighthouses across the globe as well as recommendations on the best places to stay near them.Cape Byron Lighthouse,Byron Bay,Australia The Cape Byron Lighthouse in Byron Bay,Australia was built

3、 in the early 20th century to help protect the Australian coastline.Today,its a beautiful location to watch the sunrise.Within walking distance is the Watermark,a perfect place to stay and get some much-needed rest and relaxation from daily life.Lighthouse of Chania,Crete,Greece The Lighthouse of Ch

4、ania,Crete is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world,dating back to the sixteenth century.Travelers can take a walk along its long pier(码头)during the sunset.Located near the pier to the lighthouse is a hotel from 1890,which offers beautiful views of the bay.Key West Lighthouse,Key West

5、,Florida,USA The Key West Lighthouse was built in 1825 to help guide ships entering the port.Travelers can enjoy climbing up the lighthouse to reach the wonderful sea views and can stay at the Kimpton Lighthouse Hotel,with easy access to the lighthouse and the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum.Pigeon

6、 Point Lighthouse,Pescadero,California,USA The Pigeon Point Lighthouse in Pescadero,California was built in1871 to help ships navigate(导航)the regions dangerous coastline.Today,the lighthouse is a state landmark,and the quarters where the lighthouse keepers lived have been turned into a hostel,making

7、 it a great home base to explore the outdoors,spot whales and watch the stars.1.Why is National Lighthouse Day celebrated?A.To show the hard life of lighthouse keepers.B.To instruct how to guide ships into harbor.C.To honor lighthouses and their keepers.D.To stress the importance of light.2.Of the f

8、ollowing lighthouses,which is the oldest?A.Cape Byron Lighthouse.B.Lighthouse of Chania.C.Key West Lighthouse.D.Pigeon Point Lighthouse.3.What do the listed lighthouses have in common?A.They are all located in the USA.B.They have becometourist attractions.C.They offer accommodation to visitors.D.The

9、y are good spots to watch the sunrise.B Mikah Frye,a 9-year-old boy,was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night.Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.

10、That thought stayed in Mikah Fryes mind and when he reached home,Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier.Mikah realized that by not buying the$300 device,he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless.He knew how much it meant to be w

11、arm in the cold holiday season.Three years ago,Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter.Having suffered a financial crisis,they too had lost their house,not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night.Mikah was six years old then but he rem

12、embered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning.Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago,the family donated 60 blankets in the end,each with a personalized message of hope in Mikahs handwriting stating:“They gave me a blanke

13、t,but I had to leave it.Thats why I want you to have your own blanket.Today,I live in my own house,and someday you will too.Your friend,Mikah.”The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Mi

14、crosoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of“Santas list of nice boys”that year.4.Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift?A.The device was out of date.B.His parent

15、s had a tight budget.C.He wanted to spend a warm Christmas.D.He decided to do something charitable.5.What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless?A.His own experience.B.His parents education.C.His visiting to the emergency shelter.D.The cold weather during the holiday

16、 season.6.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A.The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return.B.He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas.C.The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox.D Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in.7.What might be the bes

17、t title for the text?A.Mikahs Precious Christmas Gift B.Mikahs Giving Warmth on Christmas C.Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santas List D.The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold Christmas C Cuckoos dont bother building their own neststhey just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and

18、take over their nests.But other birds are wishing up,evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.Cuckoos are often know asparasites,meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of other species.To avoid detection,the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those

19、 of their preferred targets.If the host bird doesnt notice the strange egg in its nest,the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out,taking the other eggs on its back and dropping them out of the nest.To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young,the other birds

20、have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes,which were only now beginning to fully understand.One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in their eyes,which makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of

21、 colours than humans can.This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.Fascinatingly,were actually able to observe different bird species at very different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos.For instance,some cuckoos lay their eggs in the

22、nests of the redstarts.The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts,and yet they are still sometimes rejected.Compare that with cuckoos who target dunnocks.While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs,their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shap

23、ed spots.And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the redstarts,but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same levels of suspicion.Whats remarkable is that the d

24、unnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good,and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.It speaks to just how thoroughly a species behavior can be changed by the pressures of natural selection,or it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of

25、the dunnocks.Biologists have suggested that these birds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they dont want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their own eggs.8.This passage can be most likely found in a _.A.science survey B.nature magazine C.zoo advertisement D.travel jo

26、urnal 9.What does the underlined word“parasite”in paragraph 2 most probably refer to?A.Animals that work together to raise young.B.Small harmful animals such as worms or mice.C.Animals that can adapt to changing environments.D.Animals which live on or inside other host animals.10.Which of the follow

27、ing is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?A.It is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.B.It can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest because fakes are so bad.C.It is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.D.It is unabl

28、e to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.11.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.Dunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.B.Redstarts seem to be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.C.Cuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for thei

29、r own young.D.It is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnocks egg.D Scientists have recently discovered thatAndean condors(秀鹫)some of the worlds largest birdsbarely flap their wings at all while flying.Instead,they use rising air currents to remain in the air for hours.The Andea

30、n condor is the worlds largest soaring bird.They can weigh up to 15 kilograms.Their wings,when spread out,measure up to three meters.Their main food source is the meat of large animals which have died.Soaring high in the sky allows condors to easily spot possible meals on the ground.Scientists worke

31、d together to study the flight patterns of these huge birds and how much effort the birds use when flying.To study the birds while they were in the sky,the researchers attached special devices which could record every beat of their wings.The scientists learned that most of the condors flapping over

32、75%came when the birds were taking off.Once in the sky,the birds flew for very long periods of time without flapping at all.In fact,they only flapped their wings for 1%of the time they were in the air.One bird flew for over five hours without flapping,covering nearly 117miles.Soaring without flappin

33、g is important because birds bum energy every time they flap their wings.The birds soaring isnt magic.They use the fact that hot air rises to keep themselves up.As hot air rises,it often creates“thermals”currents of warm air moving upward.The condors soar by making use of these thermals.The tricky p

34、art is finding thermals and moving between them.When birds are forced to land and take off again often,it costs them a lot of energy.The researchers learned that to avoid having to land,the condors did most of their non-take-off flapping when they were closer to the ground and looking for a new ther

35、mal.The scientists reported that even though all of the condors they studied were young,they knew well how to take advantage of the air currents.12.What can we learn about the Andean condor from the text?A.They live mairly on small animals.B.Their wingspan is at least three meters.C.They rely on hot

36、 air to remain high in the sky.D.They are the birds with the strongest flying ability.13.Why was the equipment tied to the birds?A.To measure how far they could fly without flapping.B.To keep track of how often they flapped while flying.C.To calculate the energy required for their flight.D.To confir

37、m their flight patterns.14.Which of the following acts consumes the most energy for a condor?A.Hunting for food.B.Flying in the sky.C.Getting off the ground.D.Landing on the ground.15.What can we infer from the text?A.Condors flap the most when looking for a new thermal.B.No condor can fly for more

38、than five hours without flapping.C.Condors dont need to look for thermals when soaring in the sky.D.Soaring by using thermals is probably a natural ability of condors.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Personal development doesnt just happen._16_Self-development req

39、uires hard work,devotionand an ever-growing skill.So，what new skills do you need to power forward?On your journey toward your best self,you need to set goals.The key is balance:If your goals are too high,youll get discouraged when you fall short._17_The better approach is to think in milestones.If y

40、ou want to be a novelist,dont set a goal to finish a book in a week.Focus on getting a couple of pages done each day,or on writing a chapter each week.This measurable progress is more sustainable and fulfilling._18_To keep going when times are tough,you have to learn how to manage your stress levels

41、.If light walks help you keep your head on straight,schedule one for your lunch period every day.If you need to take Sundays off to recharge for the next week,its more than acceptable to do so.Organization is a skill that comes more naturally to some people than others.If youre a naturally messy per

42、son,start small.Otherwise,youll be at a loss._19_Clean up your bedroom or your car.If physical cleaning is stressful,start by cutting out files from your computer.Believe it or not,one clean space can set the tone for the rest of your life.On the road of personal development,youll run into some barr

43、iers.Nobody but you can remove these from your path._20_Perhaps anxiety is keeping you from doing your best work.Instead of struggling through it,quietly take a mental health day.A.Personal growth needs stress management.B.Focus on the places where you spend the most time.C.You cant expect to wake u

44、p the next day with new skills.D.Dont let personal challenges stand in the way of your growth.E.Thats why problem solving is a vital skill for self-development.F.You ly dont need to disclose why youre taking a sick day.G.Start too small,and youll become satisfied with your progress too early.第二部分 语言

45、运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 My family is still recovering from the terrible times when my teenaged stepson became ill.His disease led to kidney failure and an ongoing need for_21_.As anyone with a sick child knows,the stress doesnt_22_.And t

46、here was so much stress.My husband and I were_23_and it was as if we forgot how to communicate-we couldnt have a simple conversation without_24_.Our once-happy home had become tense and unhappy.In a_25_event of communication,my stepson and I were discussing Valentines gifts.I_26_that his dad gave me

47、 a kazoo(卡祖笛)for our first Valentines Day.My reaction to this gift was_27_when I,a professional saxophone player,couldnt get it to make a_28_.The kazoo finally got packed away and_29_.But he was interested and asked to see it.After some trouble,I found it_30_.“Whats so hard about getting a sound?”he

48、 asked,amazed,turning it around in his hands.“I dont know.It just never _31_.”I answered.My husband_32_the kazoo-“Its easy!Look,you just do this”-and he blew.Nothing happened.He tried again,but still there was no sound._33_,he tried again,only to produce a sound like a bee.My stepson burst into laug

49、hter.Our excitement at seeing his face light up like that was_34_.Soon,we were all laughing to the point of tears.It was as if the dark had_35_and a ray of sunshine was let in.Eyes_36_and souls reconnected.My stepson took a turn on the kazoo.He did no better than us.More_37_.The mood stayed_38_for t

50、he rest of the evening.Months later,my stepson_39_a successful kidney transplant,which turned out to be a turning point.It showed us that we can still_40_as a family.Thanks to a simple kazoo,we remembered that we are one.21.A.confidence B.appearance C.treatment D.recovery 22.A.go away B.set out C.pa