2019高考英语新课件二轮练习精品单元卷03(详细解析).pdf

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1、2019 高考英语新课件二轮练习精品单元卷 03（详细解析）Unit 4-Unit 5(Book4)(试卷总分 100 分 考试时间 100 分钟)特别关注 本单元重点句型及结构：avoid doing,be wrong about,at ease,involve sb./sth.in doing,come to life,in advance,may have done 用来表示对过去的推测，nor.引导倒装句，with 复合结构等。本单元出现的语法是主谓一致、动词 ing的用法和构词法。其中动词 ing 用法为重点语法。查的重点是：作宾语、主语和宾语补主语；3.主语后跟连词和介词短语的主谓

2、一致。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节：单项填空（共 20 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。1.What a pity!Considering his ability and experience,he _better.A.need have done B.must have done C.can have done D.might have done 1【解析】选 D。考查情态动词用法。句意为：多遗憾啊！鉴于他的能力和经验,他可能会做得更好些的。表示对过去事情的推测用“情态动词+have done”,

3、can 和 might 都可以表示“可能性”,但 can 常指逻辑上具备的可能性或偶尔的可能性,而 might 指客观可能性;must have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测,意为“一定”;根据题意可知,答案应为 D。2.Im sorry.I _at you the other day.Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shout B.shouldnt have shouted C.mustnt shout D.mustnt have shouted 2.【解析】选 B。考查情态动词。句意：“对不起,几天前,我本

4、不该向你大喊大叫的。”“忘了吧,不要往心里去,我自己也有点失控。”B 项表示对过去情况的推测,意为“本不该做某事可实际上却做了”,符合题意。3.I just avoided _ over the cat when I went across the street the day before yesterday.A.to run B.run C.running D.being run A.【解释】选 C。考查 avoid 的用法，avoid 后只能跟 doing。B.His mind was never _ from the first day he got married.A.at ease

5、 B.at present C.in advance D.in time 4.【解释】选 A。只有答案 at ease 符合本句的意思，其它都表示时间。5.Have you found anything interesting?None of the information _particularly useful to me.A.is B.are C.have D.Has 5.【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。依据后文的particularly useful可以排除C、D两项。而information又是不可数名词,所以谓语动词应用单数。6.Do the students learn any fo

6、reign language in your school?Yes,more than one _taught in this school.A.language is B.language are C.language be D.languages are 6【解析】选 A。考查主谓一致。句意为;你们学校的学生学习外语吗?是的。我们学校不止教一种语言 7.He told me that he had mailed part of the samples and that the rest _in a few days.A.was following B.have followed C.has

7、 followed D.were following 7.【解析】选 D。考查时态和主谓一致。句意为;他告诉我部分样品已经寄出,剩下的（样品）几天后寄出。从时态角度考虑,本句讲的是过去的事情,故用过去时,排除 B、C 两项;然后考虑主谓一致原则,the rest 相当于 the rest of the samples,表复数,故谓语动词需用复数形式,故答案为 D。8 An experienced doctor usually judges a patients illness according to the various_.A.signs B.symptoms C.signals D.Ap

8、pearances 8.【解析】选 B。考查名词辨析。sign 标记,迹象,记号;symptom 症状;signal 信号;appearance外观,外表。显然只有 B 项符合题意,即医生根据病人的症状判断病情。9 With his wise thoughts about _nature and the world,Confucius is a great thinker in _history of China.A.不填;the B.the;the C.不填;不填 D.the;不填 9.【解析】选 A。考查冠词的用法。nature 表示“自然”时,为不可数名词,前面不用冠词。第二空处的 hi

9、story 后面有修饰成分,特指“中国历史”,所以要使用定冠词。10.A lack of _of cultural differences to local customs can create problems.A.existence B.revolution C.awareness D.evidence 14.【解析】选C。句意为;缺乏地方习俗之间存在文化差异的意识可能会引发问题。awareness意识;existence 存在;revolution 革命;evidence 证据。15.Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe,attempts

10、_to use botanical fuel as a source of power.A.have made B.having made C.are being made D.will be making 11.【解析】选 C。考查时态和语态。句意为：由于俄罗斯限制向欧洲出口天然气,他们正在努力用植物燃料来作为一种新的能源。此处的 make 和 attempts 之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态。12.Another cup of coffee?Thats your third since lunch.Yeah,well,I _all night preparing for my history

11、 exam.I can hardly keep my eyes open.A.stayed up B.have stayed up C.have been staying up D.will stay up 16.【解析】选 A。考查动词的时态。从语意“我熬了整整一夜准备历史考试,现在眼睛都睁不开了。”可知,stay up 的动作发生在过去,时态应该用一般过去时,故应该选 A 项。13.We do not know how astronauts can _ when they spend months in space without the protection of the atmosph

12、ere.A.get off B.get up C.get along D.get in 17.【解析】选 C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:没有大气层的保护,我们不知道宇航员在太空的这几个月是如何活下来的。get off 离开;get up 起床;get along相处,活下来;get in 到达,收割。根据句意可知选 C。14.You neednt add any explanation here because the meaning of that word will be _ very clearly in the next paragraph.A.picked out B.brought

13、out C.brought up D.looked up 18.【解析】选 B。考查动词短语。根据句意可知,不用添加解释的原因是在下文中这个词的含义会被讲得很清楚。bring out 阐明,符合题意。pick out 挑出来;bring up 提出,抚养;look up抬头看。15.Mr.Black,this is our language lab.Would you like to go in and have a look?OK._!A.Help yourself B.This way C.Follow me D.After you 15.【解析】选 D。考查交际用语。After you!

14、请你先走。16.Many people agree that never in history _ a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.A.there were B.has there been C.there has been D.were there 16.【解析】选 B。考查倒装结构。在从句中,否定副词 never 置于句首,所以要用部分倒装。从句中的主语为 opening ceremony,因此排除 D,应选 B 项。17.All the dishes in this menu,_othe

15、rwise stated,will serve two to three people.A.as B.if C.though D.Unless 17.【解析】选 D。考查状语从句。句意为：菜单上所有饭菜,除非另外说明,将供 23 人就餐。根据句意可知应选 D。unless otherwise stated 是 unless they are otherwise stated 的省略形式。as 由于;if 如果;though 尽管,均不符合语境。18.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to

16、 see _it got any better.A.when B.how C.why D.if 18.【解析】选 D。考查宾语从句。句意为：起初他讨厌这份新工作,但他决定给自己几个月看看情况是否会有所改善。根据句意应用 if。when 表时间;how 表方式;why 表原因;均不符合语境。19.Wishing to get a million in the lottery(彩票),_many among us now do,is simply foolish.A.which B.what C.that D.As 19.【解析】选 D。考查定语从句。what 和 that 均不能引导非限制性定语

17、从句,排除 B 和 C项。as 意为“正如”,而 which 无此义。20.In our next English class the cases will be offered to you _these phrases can be used together.A.that B.which C.who D.where 20.【解析】选 D。先行词 cases 意为“情况”,因此定语从句应用关系副词 where。当先行词是 case,condition,situation,position,point,stage 等名词表示“情况、方面、处境”时用关系副词 where。第二节：完形填空（共

18、20 小题；第小题 1 分，满分 20 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确答案。Is the world really going mad?_21._day I was sittng in a restaurant._ 22_ a quick drink and a talk with a few friends when it suddenly _23_ me that almost everyone in the restaurant was smoking.It wasnt long._24_ the whole room w

19、as._25_ with smoke.I asked with an apology for _26_ to open a window to stop myself _27_!Nowadays air pollution is something that hardly question any more.However,I still cant walk down the street in any of the big cities without _28_ that people are _29_ the air pollution.It is time for the governm

20、ent departments of the world to introduce emission(废气排放)controls on all cars and _30_ the public transport system(公共交通体系)to encourage people to _31_ their cars at home.A friend of mine takes flying lesson each morning and it really makes him _32_ when he climbs above the smog layer(烟雾)and looks down

21、 _33_ it and thinks:“Im breathing that!”This kind of _34_ results from the bad management of resources.Waste things can _35_ should,be treated properly.House building,road _36_,and industrial development are all earthmoving(or earth-reducing)operations and can change the balances of _37_ created ove

22、r millions of years.I would like to _38_serious studies done on all these main works before they are built.Also,there should be _39_ national parks set up to keep the most beautiful parts of our countries in their natural _40_.21.A.The other B.Another C.Every D.Each 22.A.asking for B.drinking C.havi

23、ng D.buying 23.A.seemed B.struck C.sank D.showed 24.A.ago B.after C.before D.now 25.A.full B.filled C.crowed D.parked 26.A.promise B.help C.suggestion D.permission 27.A.standing B.sitting C.talking D.dying 28.A.thinking B.persuading C.deciding D.learning 29.A.suffering B.dying C.walking D.standing 3

24、0.A.increase B.reduce C.improve D.raise 31.A.wash B.repair C.drive D.leave 32.A.sick B.tired C.foolish D.excited 33.A.on B.at C.from D.for 34.A.discussion B.question C.pollution D.operation 35.A.but B.yet C.still D.and 36.A.work B.construction C.building D.setting 37.A.life B.mind C.human being D.pl

25、ants 38.A.see B.start C.enjoy D.pay 39.A.few B.any C.more D.no 40.A.situation B.states C.soils D.places 答案简析:21、【解析】选 A。the other day 意为“几天前”，可以用作状语。22、【解析】选 C。四个选项中只有 have 可以同时后接 a drink 和 a talk 这样两个宾语。23、【解析】选 B。it 为形式主语,that 从句为真主语从句,全句意为“餐馆里几乎每个人都在抽烟,此事突然引起了我的注意”。A、C 不能接人，应予排除，show 表示人为地展示给他人看，

26、在此不合语境。24、【解析】选 C。it is not long before 是一个句型，表示没过多久就，由此可以看出烟雾之大。25、【解析】选 B。根据意义和搭配不难选定。26、【解析】选 D。ask for permission 意为“请求允许”,其他三个选项不合逻辑。27、【解析】选 D。这里有点夸的味道，从句末的感叹号上也能体会出作者当时的心情。28、【解析】选 A。这里的双重否定表示“一上街就自然地”。B、C、D 三项明显不合逻辑。29、【解析】选 A。从词语搭配角度考虑。30、【解析】选 C。只有真正地“改善了公共交通系统，才能使市民弃用私车”。31、【解析】选 D。目的就是要鼓

27、励人们把车“停放”在家中。32、【解析】选 A。由于高空中的烟雾,作者朋友在上飞行课时自然会感到身体，尤其是眼睛不舒服，由作者朋友的心理活动 Im breathing that 也可作出这种推断。33、【解析】选 B。在高处向下看物体应用 look down at sth。34、【解析】选 C。空中的烟雾应该视作一种“污染”。35、【解析】选 B。此处为递进关系，表示“能且应该”，故用 and。36、【解析】选 D。道路应用“建设(construction)”。building 表示房屋的“建筑”，应排除。37、【解析】选 A。另三个选项不能概全。38、【解析】选 A。这里表达的是作者的一种愿

28、望。39、【解析】选 C。作者意思是指要通过建公园来保护环境。根据意义不难排除另三个选项。40、【解析】选 B。保持自然状态以用 states 为好。第二部分：阅读能力提高（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最正确选项。A When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language,he should be able to notice a number of significant

29、 truths.The history of our language has always been a history of constant changeat times a slow,almost imperceptible change,at other times a violent collision between two languages.Our language has always been a living growing organism,it has never been static.Another significant truth that emerges

30、from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many.At one extreme it has been the property of the common,ignorant folk,who have used it in the daily business of their living,much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans.A

31、t the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization,and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence,order,dignity,and if possible,a little beauty.As we consider our changing language,we should note here two deve

32、lopments that are of special and immediate importance to us.One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence.Anglo-Saxon(old English)was a language of many inflections.Modern English

33、 has few inflections.We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words.Function words,you should understand,are words such as prepositions,conjunctions,and a few others that are used primarily to s

34、how relationships among other words.A few inflections,however,have survived.And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order,there may be trouble for the users of the language,as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I.The second fact

35、we must consider is that as language itself changes,our attitudes toward language forms change also.The eighteenth century,for example,produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew,until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy

36、 and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.41In contrast to the earlier linguists,at present,more and more attention is paid to_.A.the standardization of the language B.language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper pattern

37、s C.the improvement of the language than its history D.the rules of the language usage 42From the study we know that language is _.A.a possession of upper class.B.a possession of lower class.C.a possession of the whole society.D.the only property of those who treasure it much.43Which of the followin

38、g statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the Modern English.B.Some other languages had great influence on the English language in its development.C.The English language has been and still in a state of relatively consta

39、nt change.D.Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.44The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an)_.A.writer specially interested in English B.person who pays much attention to people of lower classs C.teacher who teaches the English language D.expert i

40、n studying languages 45Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage?A.The history of the English language.B.Our changing attitude towards the English language.C.Our changing language.D.Some characteristics of modern English.【答案与简析】41B 细节理解题。这篇文章讲的主要是现代语言研究与早期研究的不同。根据文章末尾“The e

41、ighteenth century,for example,produced from in which people speak and write.”可知，现代语言学家倾向于根据人们说和写的方式评价语言实践，而不是像早期的语言学家根据一定的模式评价语言。选项 B 符合文章的意思。【教学启示】根据题干回原文中定位，阅读文章时注意首末段及各段开头的句子，这往往都是考点所在。42C 细节理解题。从第一段中间“Another significant truth.”直到结尾部分，阐明语言是所有社会阶层的共同财富，只是使用时有所不同。43A 细节理解题。根据文章的容，选项 A“普遍认为 1500 年是

42、现代英语的起点”在文章中没有提到。44D 推理判断题。此题考查考生的推测能力和词汇量，文章讲述的是英国语言演进的具体细节，最适当的答案应该是 D。作者很可能是一位语言学家，而不仅仅是教授英语的教师，所以排除 C 项。45C 主旨大意题。本文从各个方面谈及英语作为一种语言的发展变化，但并不是讲述英语的历史。所以选项 A 不对，选项 C 作为文章的题目最为贴切。选项 B 只是文章阐述的一个方面，不够全面。文章是在谈到英语的不断变化的时候谈到了现代英语的一些特点，所以选项 D 也失之于片面。B Faces,like fingerprints,are unique.Did you ever wonde

43、r how it is possible for us to recognize people?Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another.Yet a very young child-or even an animal,such as a pigeon-can learn to recognize faces.We all take this ability for granted.We also tell people

44、 apart by how they behave.When we talk about someones personality,we mean the ways in which he or she acts,speaks,thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face,human personality is very complex.But describing someones personality in words is somewhat easier tha

45、n describing his face.If you were asked to describe what a nice face looked like,you probably would have a difficult time doing so.But if you were asked to describe a nice person,you might begin to think about someone who was kind,considerate,friendly,warm,and so forth.There are many words to descri

46、be how a person thinks,feels and acts.Gordon,an American psychologist,found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in peoples behavior.And many of us use this information as a basis for describing,or typing his personality.Bookworms,conservatives（保守派）,military（军人或军事的）types-people are

47、 described with such terms.People have always tried to type each other.Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villains or the heros role.In fact,the words“person”and“personality”come from the Latin persona,meaning mask.Today,most television and movie acto

48、rs do not wear masks.But we can easily tell the good guys from the bad guys because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.46.The passage tells the readers _.A.how to describe peoples faces B.how to describe peoples personality C.how to differ good persons from bad ones D.how to de

49、scribe people both inward and outward 47.What is the possible role of the writer?A.Psychologist B.Behaviorist C.Writer D.Sociologist 48.Which of the following is incorrect?A.Different people may have different personalities.B.People differ from each in appearance.C.People can describe all the featur

50、es of others.D.People can learn to recognize faces.49.It is easier to describe a persons personality in words than his face because _.A.a persons face is more complex than his personality B.a persons personality is easily distinguished C.peoples personalities are very alike D.many words are availabl