2021届上海民办侨华高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届上海民办侨华高级中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23,2021 after a year of waiti

2、ng due to the pandemic.Lets take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.No spectators There are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections.About 950 people,including officials and journalists,will watch in the

3、main stadium,organizers said.Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.Male and female flag-bearers The International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at

4、 the opening ceremony,including one woman,as womens participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent,making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.Oath(宣誓)session updated One of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremonythe Olympic oathhas been significantly adapt

5、ed in order to“highlight the importance of solidarity,inclusion,non-discrimination and equality”.The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to sixtwo athletes,two coaches and two judges.Simplified ceremony In the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to th

6、e public,the performances are integrated with dances,scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost,the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be gr

7、eatly simplified,with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.1.Why isnt there any spectator during the opening ceremony?A.To limit the number of people present.B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.D.To

8、 make room for the athletes all over the world.2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.C.Women will play a more important part in society.D.More a

9、nd more women will take part in the Olympic Games.3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.D.The opening ceremony pres

10、ents the traditional culture of Japan.B The year 2020 will mark the beginning of the decade of the yold,or the“young old”,as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75.The traditional retirement age is 65.One might therefore expect peak retirement.By continuing to work,and staying socially enga

11、ged,the yold will change the world,as they have done several times before at different stages of their lives.The yold are more numerous,healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors.The yold are busier,too.In short,the yold are not just any group of old people.They are challenging the

12、 traditional expectations of the retired as people who wear slippers and look after the grandchildren.That will influence consumer,service and financial markets.The over-60s are one of the fastest-growing groups of customers of the airline business.The yold are vital to the tourism industry because

13、they spend much more,when taking a foreign holiday,than younger adults.But for all this to happen,three big things will have to change,under pressure from the yold themselves.The most important is public attitudes towards older people,and in particular the expectation that the old ought to be puttin

14、g their feet up and quietly retiring into the background.Then,government policies will have to change,too.The retirement age in many rich countries is still below the age to which many people want to work.The effective retirement age(the age at which people actually leave the workforce)is usually ev

15、en lower.Third,higher numbers of healthy yold people will require drastic changes in health spending.Most diseases of ageing are bestmetwith prevention and lifestyle changes.But only about 2%3%of most countries health-care spending goes on prevention.That will have to rise,because although the yold

16、will constitute a bulge of comparative health and activity over the next decade,by 2030 they will hit 75 and enter a long period of decline for which few rich countries are ready.4.What kind of people are the yold exactly?A.They are workaholics.B.They are full of energy.C.They enjoy being focused on

17、.D.They like staying socially engaged.5.Why do the yold contribute to tourist industry?A.They like traveling more.B.They have more money.C.They consume more on travel.D.They have much free time.6.Whats the authors attitude toward health-care spending on prevention?A.Unsatisfied.B.Subjective.C.Neutra

18、l.D.Active.7.What does the underlined word“met”in the fourth paragraph mean?A.dealt with B.come across C.satisfied D.experienced.C It is universally acknowledged that renewable energy sources such as solar,wind and hydropower are all much better for the climate than fossil fuels.It is true for wind

19、and solar.However,the picture for hydropower is more complicated than we think.A new study by the Environmental Defense Fund analyzed the climate impacts of 1,500 hydropower facilities across the globe.That accounts for about half of hydropower generation worldwide.The researchers looked at whether

20、the facilities behave as a greenhouse gas sink or as a source.To figure this out,they looked into all the different components that help determine a hydropower facilitys greenhouse gasemissions(排放).“There are so many contributors to greenhouse gas emissions from hydropower but essentially,the majori

21、ty of greenhouse gas emissions arise from the reservoir(水库)itself,as vegetation and soils are submerged underwater in the dam thatis used for the hydropower generation.”said lissa Ocko,a senior climate scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund and co-author of the study.As the submerged vegetation

22、 breaks down,it releases greenhouse gases such as CO2.“The larger the surface area of the reservoir,the more greenhouse gases are going to be given out from that reservoir.Also,the temperature plays a role as well how warm the reservoir is will affect how much greenhouse gases are produced and given

23、 out from the reservoir.”added Ocko.Through their analysis,Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg,also with the Environmental Defense Fund,discovered that the climate impacts of hydropower cover a complete range.The good news is that some facilities perform just as well as wind and solar.But shocking

24、ly,more than 100 facilities are actually worse for the climate than fossil fuels.The study is in the journalEnvironmentalScience and Technology.This finding doesnt mean we should forget about hydropower.“But we just need to be careful to make sure that we have climate benefits.There are a lot of sit

25、uations where hydropower can be equal to wind and solar.So it really depends on the specific facility.said Ocko.8.How do scientists prove hydropower facilities effect on the climate?A.By making comparisons.B.By conducting experiments.C.By referring to previous studies.D.By analyzing causes and effec

26、ts.9.What are the main sources of greenhouse gases from hydropower?A.Vegetation and soils.B.Heat and sunlight.C.Pollutants in the reservoir.D.Components of the generators.10.What have Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg found?A The surface area of a reservoir decides the climate.B.Hydropower often

27、 influences the climate in all aspects.C.Some facilities perform much better than wind and solar.D.Fossil fuels are worse for the climate than over 100 facilities.11.What is the text mainly about?A.Scientists urge an end to hydropower.B.Hydropower is not necessarily green.C.Hydropower is worse than

28、fossil fuels.D.Renewable energy is a complicated issue.D One of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees(猩猩)is providing them with enriching experiences.Every day,the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices,but care

29、givers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged.With 79 chimpanzees,each with their distinctive personality,care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.Last year,we began inviting musicians to perform for chimps to see what they may res

30、pond.A violin performance received quite the response.Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities,which we hope toresumein the near future.This past week,we brought an electric piano for the chimps to investigate.Some chimps,like twins Buttercup and Cla

31、risse,were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes.Others,like Emma,were more interested in trying to take it apart.29-year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano.She sat off to the side for a few minutes,but eventually she decided that was enough.She called an

32、 end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano.Receiving her message loud and clear,we removed the piano.We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it.As with many retired lab chimpanzees Luke has some anxiety issues.He seems particularly distrustful

33、of anything new,including people,food,and enrichment.But when we presented the chimps with the piano,Luke was the first to investigate.We could not believe our eyes this usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore something new!To us at Project Chimps,this is what it is all about:giving chim

34、panzees the freedom to choose.We are honored to be part of their journey.12.Why do chimpanzees respond differently to new enrichment?A.They are of different genders.B.They have natural curiosities.C They are as intelligent as humans.D.They have their unique characters.13.What does the underlined wor

35、d“resume”in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Continue.B.Suspend.C.Monitor.D.Regulate.14.Who showed the least interest in the piano?A.Buttercup and Clarisse.B.Emma.C.Precious.D.Luke.15.What is the text mainly about?A.How caregivers care for the retired chimpanzees.B.What care staff do to enrich chimpanzees daily l

36、ife.C.How chimpanzees are trained through various enrichment.D.What Project Chimps does to observe and study wild chimps.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Home libraries can be a dynamic expression of the ownerspersonality.Creating a home library is a fun way to di

37、splay your interests while establishing a special space for reading.While theres no right or wrong way to design a library,the questions can be puzzling,especially to someone with hundreds or thousands of books.How do I organize?_16_Well discuss how to build a home library that works for you.What ro

38、om should I use for my home library?_17_While reading in a room with big windows and lots of light is refreshing,storing books in naturallight is harmful to them.Basements heavy withhumidity（湿气）will cause mold(霉菌)and attract insects._18_ When you started using the public library,you probably learned

39、 about Melvil Dewey and his system for ordering libraries.The Dewey Decimal Classification System has ten broad categories for organizing books,including philosophy,religion and the arts._19_For example,when you want a book on modern art,you head to the 700th block.Larger libraries,such as those at

40、universities,tend to use the Library of Congress Classification System,because it offers a more specific array of subjects for categorization,adding subjects such as medicine and law for a total of 21categories._20_Your home library may or may not be as large as your local public library,but a good

41、system of organization will still help you find the book you want quickly.You could take a page from Dewey and the Library of Congress and sort books by subject matter.Sections for subjects such as history,technology or fiction might make theirretrieval(检索)easier.This system will also allow you to h

42、ighlight a particular passion,such as an extensive collection of World War II history,A.How do I get everything to fit?B.Each category is assigned a number.C.Almost everybody wants a home library.D.Agood system of organization is the key.E.In addition,basements are likely to be flooded.F.Almost any

43、room will do with a few exceptions.G.The size of a home library depends on how much space you can spare.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 As I work in the garden,I take my time.And the garden is_21_me about working with the earth.I recogniz

44、e that there will be both successes and failuresand there are many factors that_22_them both.The_23_of the seeds can affect the growth of the plants.The_24_can be too hot,too cold,or_25_right.Weeds need to be_26_and thrown away to_27_that the fruits,vegetables,and flowers we have planted grow well.I

45、 take time to stand back and rest,and to_28_the plants.Each plant is_29_and develops in the way that is best for them.Some have large broad leaves to_30_their fruit from the rays of the sun,while other plants are more_31_,their fruit needing the_32_to grow and ripen.Getting my hands_33_and feeling t

46、he sweat on my forehead,as I work under the summer sun,reminds me I am_34_in the ways I wouldnt have remembered sitting on the couch.I feel attracted to move things around to transplant and to_35_the natural order of how plants grow.The garden teaches me the importance of knowing when to disturb thi

47、ngs and when to let them be.The gardens life cycle_36_a pattern that is repeated according to the_37_of nature.Birth,growth,and then death and it teaches me to accept this fact.Perhaps life is like the_38_,successes and failures,time to be active and time to_39_to let go of what is no longer needed,

48、to cultivate what helps us to grow into our light and power,and to readily_40_life from beginning to end.21.A.telling B.concerning C.worrying D.teaching 22.A.destroy B.affect C.promote D.exchange 23.A.quality B.color1 C.shape D.weight 24.A.water B.air C.weather D.wind 25.A.approximately B.constantly

49、 C.exactly D.occasionally 26.A.pulled B.planted C.guarded D.provided 27.A.make sense B.find out C.work out D.make sure 28.A.tend B.observe C.count D.examine 29.A.beautiful B.average C.amazing D.unique 30.A.prevent B.separate C.shade D.remove 31.A.open B.delicate C.straight D.vivid 32.A.energy B.ligh

50、t C.soil D.space 33.A.empty B.dirty C.broken D.free 34.A.awake B.tired C.alive D.independent 35.A.disturb B.find C.enjoy D.guide 36.A.discovers B.transforms C.draws D.follows 37.A.changes B.reflection C.laws D.development 38.A.plant B.sun C.fruit D.garden 39.A.rest B.quit C.offer D.fight 40.A.expect