2021年西南大学附属中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 年西南大学附属中学高三英语期末试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Older adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症)and other cognitive(认知的)issues,a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured senio

2、rs(ages 65 to 85)dementia risk and cognitive abilities,finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours.Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues,but the researche

3、rs didnt find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle,especially as they get older.As adults age,its common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted leading to longer,shorter,or more irregular sl

4、eep.This disruption may be linked to Alzheimers and other forms of dementia,impacting seniors ability to remember information,problem-solve,and go through everyday behaviors.Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression,cardiovascular disease（冠心病）,and other conditions.A recommended s

5、leep time for seniors is seven to eight hours,the researchers said.Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep,while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid,a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient

6、develops Alzheimers.In addition,the researchers used several tests for memory,attention,spatial skills,and executive function to identify patients cognitive abilities.Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia,the researchers found.The low-sleep patie

7、nts had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests,while those with higher sleep(more hours)performed worse on executive function tests，which measure the brains ability to switch between different tasks.The main ta

8、keaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life,Winer told CNN.1.What does the underlined word“disrupted”in paragraph 4 mean?A.difficult B.disordered C.dissolved D.different 2.According to the findings,which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A.It is more li

9、kely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B.It may contribute to dementia,cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C.Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3.What can

10、we infer from the study?A.A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B.Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C.Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D.Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.B“Your mind is a gar

11、den;your thoughts are the seeds.The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,”William Wordsworth wrote.In the above quote,William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life.Depending on what we“plant”in our lives,we bloom(生长茂盛)or dont.Before you start to work in your garden,its necessar

12、y to have a vision for it.Thinking of what youwant to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality.In life,you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve,because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the poss

13、ibilities are endless.Regardless of what you choose to plant,poor soil isnt suitable for growth.This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting.So,creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams.Fortunately,there are countless ways

14、to make your personal bedrock better.Getting an education is one of the most effective ways,which can help you enrich your lifes soil.You dont have to be an enthusiastic gardener to understand the meaning of“You reap(收获)what you sow.”When a gardener wants tomatoes,they just need to plant tomato seed

15、s.Its a very clear act that produces an expected result.Each of us has the power to decide which“life seeds”to plant.For example,if you plant ill seeds,its likely that youll experience pain in return.Contrarily,if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding,your life will bloom with happiness and

16、love.A gardeners trulyarduouswork begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention.Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden.So,to ensure your dreams take root,you should be devoted,aware,and present.After countless hours and energy

17、spent,the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.4.What is important before gardeners break ground in their gardens?A.Receiving some training in planting.B.Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.C.Having the courage to accept the worst outcome.D.Doing research on the common lo

18、cal garden plants.5.What is compared to getting education by the author?A.Improving the condition of the soil.B.Growing your most favorable plants.C.Taking care of the plants in your garden.D.Selecting proper goals in gardening work.6.What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3?A.Your qualit

19、y of life depends on your positive action.B.Your experience can help you understand plants better.C.Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.D.Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.7.What does the underlined word“arduous”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Benef

20、icial B.Creative C.Boring.D.Tough C Experts are warning about the risks of extremely picky(挑剔的)eating after a teenager living on a diet of chips and crisps developed lasting sight loss.Eye doctors inBristolcared for the 17-year-old after his sight had gone to the point of blindness.Tests showed he h

21、ad serious vitamin deficiency(缺乏).Dr.Denize Atan,who treated him at the hospital,said,“His diet was basically a portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop every day.He also used to snack on crisps and sometimes white bread and ham,and not really any fruit and vegetables.”The teenager saw his

22、 doctor at the age of 14 because he had been feeling tired and unwell.At that time he suffered from vitamin B12 deficiency,but he did not stick with the treatment or improve his poor diet.Three years later,he was taken to theBristolEyeHospitalbecause of progressive sight loss.He was not overweight o

23、r underweight,but he had lost minerals from his bones,which was really quite shocking for a boy of his age.In terms of his sight loss,he met the standards of being blind.“He had blind spots right in the middle of his sight,”said Dr Denize Atan,“That means he cant drive and would find it reallyarduou

24、sto read,watch TV or recognize faces.”Dr Denize Atan said that parents should learn about the harm that can be caused by picky eating,and turn to experts for help.For those who are concerned,she advised,“Its best not to be anxious about picky eating,and instead calmly introduce one or two new foods

25、with every meal.”She said multivitamin tablets can supplement(补充)a diet,but cannot take the place of eating healthily.“Its much better to take in vitamins through a varied and balanced diet,”she said,adding that too manycertain vitamins,including vitamin A,can be harmful,“so you dont want to overdo

26、it.”8.What does Dr Denize Atan imply in paragraph 1?A.The diet of the boy is not balanced.B.Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins.C.Picky eating is common among teenagers.D.The cause of the boys disease is unknown.9.Why did the boy go to see his doctor at the age of 14?A.To improve his poor diet

27、.B.To get some help to lose weight.C.To be treated for his discomfort.D.To slow down his progressive sight loss.10.What does the underlined word“arduous”in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Important.B.Easy.C.Necessary.D.Difficult.11.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A.Reasons why the boy is

28、seriously ill.B.Suggestions for the boys family to care for him.C.Advice for parents worried about picky eating.D.Waysof taking in enough vitamins and minerals.D Nowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants(移植).Though this procedure(程序)has only bee

29、n successfully performed on animals so far,doctors are still hopingto perform this procedure on humans.However,in my opinion,brain transplants should not be performed at all,especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with.Hopefully these d

30、angerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.Despite many benefits technology brings.I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help.We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are,so if w

31、ith a different brain we would no longer be unique.A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be.No one should steal our identity from us,even if we are seriously injured,and change it to a completely new one.Also for the people who have died with h

32、ealthy brains,that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are“healthy”or“normal”brains.An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger persons brain.Then woul

33、d doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it?This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence,sex,or physical problems that a person might have had before death.Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept“alive”after death and how it can

34、be kept“alive”without damage.Overall.my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.12.Why does the author think brain transplants should not be

35、 performed at all?A.The cost of the operation is extremely high.B.Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants.C.A good many problems and side effects may arise.D.This procedure has only been successful on animals 13.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.People shouldnt give their healthy

36、 brains to others.B.Having a brain transplant means losing ones identity.C.Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones.D.Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others.14.What is the writers attitude towards brain transplants an humans?A.indifferent B.favorable C.disa

37、pproving D.objective 15.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A.To encourage brain donation.B.To stress the importance of brain operation.C.Toargue against brain transplants on humans.D.To introduce the technology of brain transplants.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的

38、最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How to Strengthen Teeth Naturally _16_You can work on strengthening your teeth by getting the right vitamins and minerals in your diet.You can also protect your teeth through healthy habits.In addition,avoiding certain foods and habits can help strengthen your teeth.Get the right nu

39、trients（营养）Make sure youre getting 1,000 to 1,200 mg of calcium（钙）a day.You probably know calcium helps keep your bones strong._17_Eating certain amount of calcium in your diet every day will help increase the strength of your teeth._18_ Aim to eat a wide variety of fruits and vegetables in your wee

40、kly diet.Try selecting a variety of color1 s when choosing your produce as that ensures youll be getting a wide variety of vitamins.Fill your plate up halfway with fruits and vegetables at every meal and then fill the rest of your plate with some protein and whole grains.Brush your teeth twice a day

41、 To brush well,hold your toothbrush at a45C angle to your teeth.Brush all the surfaces of your teeth gently and try to brush for at least 2 minutes._19_ Visit your dentist regularly Visit your dentist at least once a year for x-rays and cleaning._20_If you start to get a buildup of plaque（牙菌斑），which

42、 can weaken teeth,the dentist can remove it for you in time.Quit smoking You probably are aware that smoking causes lung cancer and other health problems.In addition,it can also weaken bone tissue,including your teeth.If youve been thinking about quitting,now may be the time.A.Eat a balanced diet B.

43、Have a variety of vegetables C.The same is true for your teeth.D.Set a timer to help you brush longer!E.Strong teeth are important for a healthy mouth!F.These visits help find problems before they begin.G.Vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium properly.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满

44、分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 The phone rang,but I was annoyed to answer it.Seeing the_21_number,I supposed it was the endless_22_to sell me something I had ly no_23_in.“Daddy.”Its Alyce,my 12-year-old daughter.“Mommy was just in a car accident.”My heart_24_and then began pounding

45、.A deep_25_came,“Im all right,but Mommy.”I sprinted(全速跑)a few blocks to what looked like a shoot for a_26_movie.Fire engines,police cars,and ambulances were_27_parked in the street;helicopters circled.A bus was on the wrong side of the road.In front of it were the_28_remains of Susans car.Susan was_

46、29_under the dashboard(仪表盘).It_30_she had broken nearly every bone,and she spent three months in the_31_.Two years later,we were attending an event in_32_of Martin Luther King when Alyce_33_at a woman,rushed to and returned with her.She told us she lived in the building by where the_34_had happened.

47、That night,she rushed to the street,still in her bathrobe and saw Alyce standing by the wrecked car,_35_.She approached her,hugged her and took Alyces hand to her chest,saying,“Lets pray together.”Alyces phone was out of_36_inside the car.So the woman lent Alyce her phone.When saying goodbye,we real

48、ized we hadnt been formally_37_,so I told her my name wasDouglas.She paused,_38_she hadnt heard me.So I_39_.She looked at us and said,“Wait,your name is Susan?”Susan_40_.The woman put her hand over her heart,saying,“My name is Susan Douglas.”21.A.regular B.simple C.strange D.concrete 22.A.attempts B

49、.appeals C.appointments D.applications 23.A.interest B.faith C.confidence D.talent 24.A.beat B.rose C.broke D.stopped 25.A.scold B.cry C.scream D.ring 26.A.documentary B.comedy C.disaster D.detective 27.A.suddenly B.eventually C.illegally D.randomly 28.A.broken B.harmful C.tough D.unfit 29.A.bathed

50、B.trapped C.buried D.involved 30.A.worked out B.figured out C.found out D.turned out 31.A.street B.school C.hospital D.church 32.A.memory B.need C.celebration D.consideration 33.A.glared B.glanced C.aimed D.concentrated 34.A.occasion B.mistake C.accident D.dilemma 35.A.rolling B.withdrawing C.chokin