浙江省2022年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解(科普类)及答案.pdf

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1、浙江省浙江省 20222022 年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解（科普类）年中考英语真题分类汇编：阅读理解（科普类）一、阅读理解一、阅读理解阅读理解Can anyone be an astronaut?Can anyone be an astronaut?Of course not.You dont have to have a science degree but most astronauts do.Most of them are pilotstoo.Life in a spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind.

2、You need to be easy-going,patient,and helpful to spend so much time in a small space with other people.Whats the training like?Whats the training like?People have to train for a year to learn how to stay healthy and safe.They practise space walking andliving in zero gravity（重力）.They train in difficu

3、lt conditions to learn how to solve problems and towork in a team.Everyday tasks like eating,washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship.There is norunning water so you have to wash with wet tissues;its hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat.And to sleep you must cover your

4、eyes because the sun rises every 90 minutes on the International SpaceStation.You also have to tie yourself to something so you dont fly away!What health problems do astronauts have?What health problems do astronauts have?Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies.Bones and muscles（肌肉）become

5、thin and weakso you must do a lot of exercise in space to stay fit and to help the heart move blood around your body.Astronauts often get backache because you grow in spaceup to 8 centimeters!Its also common to haveheadaches and to feel sick,especially at the beginning.You must have vitamins to take

6、 the place of freshfruit and vegetables.But you dont have to put on sun cream because space suits protect your skin（皮肤）.Are you still interested?Are you still interested?So now you know.If you want to go to space,study hard,learn to fly and take care of your body andmind.1What is a must for an astro

7、naut?AA science degree.CA healthy body and mind.2What must you do to prepare for a space trip?AExperience zero gravity.CPractise long walks.3Why do astronauts have to exercise in space?ATo make their bones and muscles thinner.Bwash with running water.DSleep with your eyes open.BA pilots license.DA w

8、eak character.BTo help the heart work well and keep fit.CTo avoid backache and grow much taller.DTo stop their skins from getting sunburned.4What is the text mainly about?AWhat we need to know to become an astronaut.BWhy young people are interested in space trips.CWhat problems astronauts must solve

9、 in space.DWhy we need to train hard before a space trip.阅读理解There are many different ways to solve a problem.One way is to be creative.People often think creativethinking is just for artists and designers,but this is not true.Dr.Edward de Bono,an expert in creativethinking and problem solving,has s

10、hown the world that using creativity to solve problems is very useful inbusiness and in our communities,and will continue to be so in the future.One example of creative thinking is the solution to a parking problem in a town center.In the areas closeto stores,people can only park for 20 minutes.Ther

11、e are parking meters where people pay to park in theseareas.However,the problem is that many people leave their cars there for longer than 20 minutes.Dr.Edward de Bonos solution is to make a rule that all cars parked in these areas must keep their headlights on.Of course,drivers will want to return

12、to their cars before their car batteries（蓄电池）die.According to Dr.de Bono,people will need to use creative thinking more often in the future.To helppeople think more creatively,he designed the Six Thinking Hat system（系统）.The system helpspeople think about a problem in different ways in order to find

13、a solution.In the system,there are siximaginary hats of different colors.Each hat symbolizes a different way of thinking.For example,the whitehat helps people consider the facts.The black hat is the most logical（有逻辑的）and helps peopleconsider why a possible solution may not work.So,next time you have

14、 a problem in your community,thinkabout it creatively,from differentperspectives,and see what ideas you have.5What is the topic of the text?ABeing a creative artist in the community.BDoing business successfully in the future.CAsking experts for some useful advice.DUsing creative thinking to solve pr

15、oblems.6Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2?ATo express a result.CTo support the topic.BTo describe a problem.DTo list some numbers.7What does the underlined word perspectives in Paragraph 3 mean?AWays.BPlaces.CPeople.DRules.8Which of the following is true about the Six Thinking Hats system?

16、AThe system is used to help people think quickly.BThe white hat helps people think about the facts.CThe black hat has to do with peoples feelings.DSix hats of different shapes can be very helpful.阅读理解Smartphones are getting boring.The new models are either a bit faster or have better cameras,but the

17、yare basically no different from the ones already in our pockets.This is why scientists are hoping,andworking for something new,something that will change our lives just as greatly as smartphones do.At themoment,the next invention might be smart glasses.Just imagine.Instead of having to pick up your

18、 phone and look at the screen,all of the information youneed simply appears just in front of you,in your glasses.Satellite navigation（导航）directions wouldappear right there on the road.And your smart glasses could guide you to the right shelf in thesupermarket！Smart glasses could also be used in indu

19、stry.They could show engineers the instructions they need tofix things more quickly.A doctor could carry out a difficult operation,guided in real time by someone on theother side of the world.This may sound impossible.But most of the technologies to invent them are already there.For example,one key

20、technology is called AR,which can make digital 3D objects appear as if they are part of the realworld.Weve used it a lot on our video call.Similarly,huge progress has been made in spatial audio.This iswhen a sound is made to give it a sense of place,like what you hear in an empty room.Some high-ende

21、arphones can already do that.Future glasses will of course need to recognize（识别）your voice to dotasks.This technology has been widely used in our daily life.So,why arent we all wearing smart glasses yet？So far,no one has invented a good way to send images（映像）of our world onto glasses.However,with th

22、e rapid development of technology,smart glasses couldarrive much sooner than we think.9Why does the writer mention smartphones in Paragraph 1?ATo start a story.CTo introduce a topic.10What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about?AWhen smart glasses might be made.BWhere smart glasses could be used.CHow s

23、mart glasses would give directions.DWhy smart glasses should be changed.BTo explain an idea.DTo discuss a problem.11Which of the following technologies needs to be improved to invent smart glasses?AMaking spatial audio.CCreating digital 3D objects.BRecognizing voices.DSending images onto glasses.12H

24、ow might the writer feel about the future of smart glasses?ABored.阅读理解How do you look after your catHow do you look after your catBConfident.CSatisfied.DUncertain.IntroductionIntroductionThe first step to becoming a good cat owner is to choose the right kind of cat.It is how a catbehaves that is the

25、 most important,not what she looks like or how old she is.She is going to be yourbest friend.You will spend a lot of time playing together.But remember,you need to look after herevery day.Not just to start with,but for all her life.Understanding your petUnderstanding your petBy watching your cat clo

26、sely,you will learn her special way of talking.From the movement of hertail or ears,you will see if she is happy or sad.And you will soon understand what she is saying whenshe miaows.Caring for your petCaring for your petYou will only be your cats best friend if you care for her properly.You will ne

27、ed to make sure thatshe eats the right foods,always has water,and can get plenty of exercise every day.You will also have tobathe(给洗澡)her often and spend some time training her.13How long will you need to look after your cat?AFor some days after shes born.CUntil she has babies of her own.14To unders

28、tand your cat,you need to _.Awatch her very carefullyCtalk to her every day15The last part of the passage describes _.Awhich food cats like bestBhow difficult it can be to train catsCthe type of exercise cats enjoy mostDthe things cat owners need to do阅读理解Recently,many people think its risky to use

29、credit(信用)card numbers online.However,from time totime,we all use passwords and ID numbers on the Internet.We think we are safe,but that may not be true!Anew kind of attack(攻击)is being used by dishonest people to steal IDs and credit card numbers from websurfers.This new kind of attack is called phi

30、shing.Phishing sounds the same as the word fishing,and it means that a thief is trying to trick people intogiving away valuable information.Like real fishermen,phishers use bait(诱饵)in the form of great onlinedeals or services.For example,phishers might use false emails and websites to trick people i

31、nto revealing(透露)credit card numbers,account usernames,and passwords.They imitate(模仿)well-known banks,online sellers,and credit card companies.Successful phishers may make as many as 5%of the peoplebelieve and give away their personal information.Its really a big problem!Actually,tricking 5%of the o

32、nline population is huge.Now more than 4.6billion people have access(进入权)to the Internet,and 75%of those Internet users live in the wealthiestcountries on Earth.It has been reported that phishers send more than 40 billion false messages each year.Even by tricking only 5%of the people,phishers can ma

33、ke a lot of money.Amy,18,from California,received an email.A man told Amy that she could get a million dollars in heraccount as a reward if she sent a thousand dollars to him.Amy did as the man said at once.The thief usedAmys Social Security number to get credit cards in her name andtransferred her

34、money.How can people avoid being cheated online?Above all,they have to learn to recognize the email thatBbathe her oftenDfeed her proper foodBFor the whole of her life.DUntil she is badly ill.has been sent by a phisher.Always be careful with any email with urgent(紧急的)requests for personalinformation

35、.Phishers typically write upsetting or exciting,but false,statements in their emails so that peoplewill reply right away.Never give out personal information to phishers.And if an offer sounds too good to betrue,it is.16Phishing is compared to _ according to the passage.Amaking moneyBplaying gamesCca

36、tching fishDwriting emails17Which writing skill is used in Para.3?AGiving examples.CRaising questions.BListing numbers.DUsing sayings.18Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word transfertransfer in Para.4?transferv.(transferred,transferring)to move from one place,sch

37、ool,job etc to anotherto connect the call of someone to someone elsesto move money from one account to anotherto change from one bus,plane etc to anotherABCD19Besides introducing what phishing is,the writer also tells us how to _.Ahelp to catch phishersCpay by credit card阅读理解Scientists are looking f

38、or ways that we can effectively use the light and heat from the sun.One idea thathas caught their imagination is solar roads.They are expected to produce clean and renewable energy.With solar panels on the surfaces,solar roads cost more than traditional roads.However,besides thefunctions of traditio

39、nal roods,they have the panels to receive sunlight and change it into the energy to supplypower to homes,factories and street lighting.There are four layers in a solar panel:Base layer:Base layer:It is made of insulation material and forms a good grip with the road below this layer.Middle layerMiddl

40、e layer:This is the most important layer.It holds all kinds of power lines connecting all the solarparts in the panel,like LED lights and the heating system.Top layer:Top layer:This layer is super-strong glass.It allows the panel to hold the weight of the heaviestvehicles.Breply to urgent emailsDpro

41、tect ourselves onlineCapping:This is the topmost layer used to offer extra protection to the solar parts in the panel.Thelayer must be rough enough to provide the traction for the safety of vehicles.With the smart design,solar roads can successfully charge the vehicles on them.And the roads haveinbu

42、ilt LED lights to replace the traditional rood signs and lines,which are usually painted and harmful tohumans.Whats more,the heating systems in the solar roads can take care of the snow and ice on the roadsfor drivers.Test solar roads have been built in several countries(France,China,USA,etc.)since

43、2014.The firstword solar road project,Metrics of Watt Way in France,was set up by a French company called ConstructionColas.It was an example of low effectiveness.In the first year,it had been expected to produce around 767kWh of energy a day,but it only produced 409 kWh.Even so,the production could

44、 increase with designimprovements.Of course,more time is needed before this technology is put into use.Solar roads may not be widely used in the near future,but they are indeed great for an environment-friendly and energy-saving world.20Solar roads _.Aoffer power to homesCkeep the sunlight awayBget

45、energy from factoriesDcost less than traditional roods21Which of the following about the layers of a solar panel is TRUE according to the passage?AThe base layer is the most important layer.BThere are many power lines in the middle layer.CThe top layer lies on the top of the solar panel.DThe capping

46、 should be smooth enough for drivers.22The first world solar road project _.Awas set up in China in 2014Bshowed high effectiveness as expectedCwas started by a US companyDcould get better with design improvements23What is the best title for the passage?ASolar Roads:A Widely Used InventionB Solar Roa

47、ds:A Safety Guard for DriversCSolar Roads:A New Idea for Clean EnergyDSolar Roads:A Way to Produce LED Lights阅读理解 Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better?Would you like to have a taste of a special plant?Would you like to keep a plant with little care?An Aloe Vera plant could be just what

48、the scientists maysuggest!Growing Aloe Vera plants at home can make the air clean and fresh.Studies have shown that theygive off oxygen(O2)and take away harmful things from the air.With clean and fresh air,you are more likelyto stay away from colds,sore throats and dry coughs.And even if you do get

49、sick,Aloe Vera plants may helpyou get better from the illness faster.Did you know that Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine?Aloe Vera gel(胶体)helps to dealwith the pain of burns.And it also helps with itchiness(痒)caused by insect bites.To get this gel,just cut offa part of the plant,peel it,and p

50、ut the gel on the affected skin(患处).This easy-to-get and safe-to-usemedicine is available to you all year round.Apart from medical use,Aloe Vera plants are also popular in food industry.Whether you areinterested in Aloe juice or crazy about Aloe yogurt,youll easily find them in the supermarket.Aloe