2021届上海民办浦东交中高级中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届上海民办浦东交中高级中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Kate Humble:Books that changed my life Kate Humble is a writer and broadcaster specializing in science,wildlife and rural affairs.Together with her husband site runs Humble by Natur

2、e,a rural skills education centre on working farm near Monmouth intheWyeValley.Winnie the Pooh by A A Milne My father used to read this to me when I was very young he used different voices for all the animals.The characterization(角色设定)was so clever;we all know someone just like each inhabitant of th

3、e HundredAcre Wood:gloomy Eeyore;thick but loyal Pooh;enthusiastic Tigger.A A Milne was masterful in exploring the way they got along together,opening my eyes to how society really works.Last Chance to See by Douglas Adams and Mark Carwardine This book tells of the authors,adventures as they set out

4、 to find the rarest of animals,those on the edge of extinction.Their travels are rather exciting and they share a wonderful humour,which really appealed to me.Yet underpinning(支撑)everything is the realization that we cant just sit back and allow species to disappear.PicturePalace by Paul Theroux Ive

5、 always loved Therouxs travel writing,but this novel took my breath away.The words arent long or complicated but,fromthat first paragraph,his writing grabs you by the nose hairs and drags you along.I had an art teacher who told me,“Youre only an artist when youve found your own style,not when youre

6、copying someone else,and Theroux represents this.”1.Why did the author mention the characterization ofWinnie the Pooh?A.To indicate the book has realistic values.B.To show how adorable the characters are.C.To persuade people to learn from the characters.D.To prove the writer is good at creating char

7、acters.2.What didLast Chance to Seestrike into Kates heart?A.Curiosity.B.Responsibility.C.Exploration.D.Devotion.3.Which writer does Kate Humble like for his original writing?A.A A Milne.B.Douglas Adams.C.Mark Carwardine.D.Paul Theroux.B For years video games have been criticised for making people m

8、ore antisocial,overweight or depressed.Bui now researchers are finding that video games can actually change us for the better and improve both our body and mind.Games can help to develop physical skills.Pre-school children who played interactive games have been shown to have improved motor skills,fo

9、r example they can kick,catch and throw a ball better than children who dont play video games.A study found that those who played video games were 27 percent faster and made 37 percent fewer errors than those who didnt.Games also benefit a variety of brain functions,including decision-making.People

10、who play action-based games make decisions 25 percent faster than others,according to one study.It was also found that the best gamers can make choices and act on them up to six times a second,four times faster than most people.In another study by researchers from the University of Rochester in New

11、York,experienced gamers were shown to be able to pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused,compared with the four that most people can normally keep in mind.There is also evidence that gaming can help with psychological problems.At the University of Auckland in New Zeala

12、nd,researchers asked 94 young people diagnosed with depression to play a 3D fantasy game called SPARX and in many cases,the game reduced symptoms of depression more than conventional treatment.4.In what way playing video games benefits very young children?A.Muscle control.B.Social interaction.C.Deci

13、sion-making.D.The ability to focus.5.Which type of video game improves the decision-making speed?A.Interactive games.B.Action-based games.C.3D fantasy games.D.Violent games.6.What is the authors attitude to video games?A.Indifferent.B.Objective.C.Worried.D.Critical.7.What is the text mainly about?A.

14、The effects of different types of video games.B.The negative effects of playing video games.C.The beneficial effects of playing video games.D.The effects of games on peoples behavior.C Henry Cavill:Bring Superman to Life Henry Cavill knew that he wanted to be a star at 16 years of age,after a chance

15、 meeting with movie star Russell Crowe who inspired hispassion for acting.But for the British-born actor,the bright lights and attraction ofHollywoodwere a long way away.Supported by his secretary mother and stockbroker father,he decided to study drama during high school.His journey to super star be

16、gan.Before gaining the international recognition he has now,Cavill tried out for roles in the Harry Potter and Twilight series but failed to get either.He would have to keep waiting for his big chance.Determined as ever,Cavill took any acting jobs he could get his hands on and appeared in several lo

17、w-budget horror movies and TV shows in hopes of getting noticed.It almost worked.In the early 2000s,at just 22 years old,he narrowly missed out on becoming the new James Bond.Finally,in 2007,his hard work paid off.He won a leading role as the first Duke of Suffolk in the period showThe Tudors.The TV

18、 show was very popular and helped to raise Cavills popularity inAmerica.In 2011,Cavil landed his breakout role,playing Superman in the DC Extended Universe.He hasnt looked back and has since starred in many hit films,such asMission:Impossible-Fallout.More recently,he stepped back on to the small scr

19、een.Since 2019,he has starred in the popular seriesThe Witcher,adapted from the book series and video games of the same name.In the TV show,Cavill played a brave monster hunter named Geralt of Rivia,which was the perfect role for Cavill because he was a fan of the video games.Cavill also got a chanc

20、e to play a classic English character master detective Sherlock Holmes in 2020sEnola Holmes.However,Cavill isnt just a good guy on screen.His charity work also makes him a real-life hero.In 2014,he took part in the Ice Bucket Challenge while wearing his full Superman suit to support the ALS Associat

21、ion.Currently,he is an ambassador for the UKs Royal Marines Charity,which supports war veterans(退伍军人).Why does he do it?He love to make people feel good and bring smiles to people faces.Indeed,Henry Cavill in living proof that you dont always need to wear a cape(斗篷)to act like a hero.8.Why did Cavil

22、 act in low-budget film and TV works early in his career?A.He was too polite to refuse.B.He was hoping to get noticed.C.He was encouraged to do so by his parents.D.He was friends with the directors of the projects.9.The role of the monster hunter was the perfect for Cavill because _.A.he had experie

23、nced hunting monsters B.he had played the same role in a movie C.he knew the writer of the books personally D.he enjoyed the video games that the show was rooted in 10.Which of the following words can best describe Cavill?A.Modest and friendly.B.Determined and kind.C.Talented and faithful.D.Honest a

24、nd considerate.11.What made Cavill a real-life hero?A.Being a successful actor.B.Playing Superman on screen.C.Devoting to charities.D.Wearing a cape to take part in activities.D Sleep problems in early childhood may be linked to the development of certain mental health disorders in adolescence,accor

25、ding to a new research.A study of 7,155 children in theUnited Kingdomfound that waking up frequently during the night and irregular sleep routines as babies and toddlers was linked to psychotic experiences in children aged 12 and 13.Also,children who slept for shorter periods at night were more like

26、ly to be associated with borderline personality disorder at ages 11 and 12.The research,published in the journalJAMA Psychiatry,was the first time possible links between early childhood sleep problems and adolescent psychotic experiences and borderline personality disorder(BPD)symptoms have been exa

27、mined.“We know from previous research that persistent nightmares in children have been associated with both psychosis and borderline personality disorder,”said lead author Isabel at theInstituteofMental Healthat theUniversityofBirmingham.“But nightmares dont tell the whole story.Weve found that,in f

28、act,a number of behavioral sleep problems in childhood can point towards these problems in adolescence,”she said.Adolescence,typically defined as the ages between 10 and 19,is a key period in human development because of brain and hormonal changes,anditis now thought to be when many mental health pr

29、oblems start.Prior research inAustraliafound that babies with persistent severe sleep problems in their first year were at greater risk for anxiety and emotional issues in later childhood.Sleep problems in children and adolescents have been shown to predict the development of various emotional and b

30、ehavioral problems,including depression,anxiety,attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,risk-taking and aggression.However,findings have been inconsistent,especially when based on objective measurements of sleep,rather than parental reports.Sleep and mental health are closely connected in adults,wi

31、th sleep problems increasing the risk for developing particular mental illnesses as well as resulting in mental health issues.12.What can we know from paragraph 3?A.Childhood sleep problems probably cause youth mental health problems.B.Severe sleep problems in childhood lead to emotional issues.C.Pe

32、rsistent nightmares in children are closely related to psychosis.D.The research has not been known to the public.13.What does“it”refer to in paragraph 6?A.Adolescence.B.Key period.C.Human development D.Hormonal change.14.According to the Australian research,older children who had long-term serious s

33、leep issues at one year old are more likely to _.A.grow slowly B.develop attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder C.do badly in lessons D.suffer from anxiety 15.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.A Study About Childhood Sleep Problems Is Under Progress B.Pay Attention to Chi

34、ldren Who Lack Sleep C.Childhood Sleep Issues Linked to Adolescent Mental Health Problems D.How to Help Children Develop a Good Sleep Habit 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 A good nights sleep is one of the best things for your health.The following steps might hel

35、p you enjoy a good sleep.Create a nightly routine(惯例)._16_It could be as simple as washing your face or brushing your teeth.As you begin to move into your“nightly routine”,your mind will know that its time to sleep.Learn your body clock.Someexperts believe sleepiness comes in cycles(周期性地).If you kno

36、w the cycles in your body clock,you can use them to your advantage._17_If not,it might be a long time before youre ready for sleep again._18_ Put your clock under your bed or on the bottom shelf of your bedside cabinet(床头柜),where its light wont disturb（干扰）you.That way,if you wake up in the middle of

37、 the night,or have problems in sleeping,you wont worry about how late it is and how much sleep youre missing.Paint your bedrooma relaxing color1 First,take any unnecessary things away from your bedroom-they stand in the way of a good nights sleep._19_Its a reminder of sleep.Choose the right pillow O

38、ne study found that neck pillows can actually improve the quality of your sleep as well as reduce neck pain._20_It should provide neck support and be washable.A.Hide your clock.B.Change your habit C.You probably cant fall asleep very easily D.When sleepiness comes,get to bed in time.E.Then paint you

39、r room arelaxing color1,like green.F.The best neck pillow should be soft and not too high.G.This is something you do every night before going to bed.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 When I was a teenager,my dad did everything he could to a

40、dvise me against becoming a brewer(造酒人).Hed_21_his life brewing beer for local breweries only to make a living,_22_had his father and grandfather before him.He didnt want me_23_near a vat(酿酒用的桶)of beer.So I did as he asked.I got good_24_,went to Harvard and in 1971 was accepted into a graduate progr

41、am there that_25_me to study law and business at the same time.In my second year of graduate school,I began to be _26_that Id never done anything but go to school.So,at 24 I decided to drop out._27_,my parents didnt think this was a great idea.But I felt strongly that you cant _28_till youre 65 to d

42、o what you want in life.I packed my stuff into a bus and headed for Colorado to become an instructor at Outward Bound.Three years later,I was ready to go back to_29_.I finished Havard and got a high-paid job at the Boston Consulting Group.Still,after working there five years,I_30_,“Is this what I wa

43、nt to be doing when Im 50?”At that time,Americans spent good money on beer in_31_quality.Why not make good beer for_32_?I thought.I decided to give up my job to become_33_.When I told Dad he was_34_,but inthe end he_35_me.I called my beer Samuel Adams_36_the brewer and patriot who helped to start th

44、e Boston Tea Party._37_I sold the beer direct to beer drinkers to get the_38_out.Six weeks later,at the Great American Beer Festival,Sam Adams Boston Lager(淡啤酒)won the top prize for American beer.In the end I was destined(注定)to be a brewer.My_39_to the young is simple.Life is very_40_,so dont rush t

45、o make decisions.Life doesnt let you plan.21.A.wasted B.spent C.prevented D.sent 22.A.seldom B.never C.so D.nor 23.A.anywhere B.anyway C.anyhow D.somehow 24.A.habits B.teachers C.grades D.work 25.A.promised B.convinced C.advised D.allowed 26.A.aware B.content C.amazed D.desperate 27.A.Fortunately B.

46、Obviously C.Possibly D.Surprisingly 28.A.assure B.decline C.deny D.wait 29.A.school B.Colorado C.my home D.my decision 30.A.thrilled B.stressed C.wondered D.sneezed 31.A.cheap B.expensive C.low D.high 32.A.Englishmen B.Europeans C.the world D.Americans 33.A.a lawyer B.a brewer C.an instructor D.an e

47、ngineer 34.A.astonished B.satisfied C.interested D.anxious 35.A.hated B.supported C.raised D.left 36.A.for B.at C.in D.after 37.A.Therefore B.Otherwise C.Also D.Yet 38.A.price B.name C.company D.party 39.A.advice B.lift C.job D.experience 40.A.hard B.busy C.short D.long 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分

48、）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 If you went looking for a_41._(differ)planet,from Earth as you could find,you wouldnt have to go all that far,at least in space terms.Just look to_42._fifth planet in our,solar system,Jupiter.This gas giant has no solid surface.Its diameter(直径)is more than 11 times

49、 as great as Earths.Its mass is more than twice than_43._of all the other planets in.the solar system combined.Jupiters atmosphere is covered with bands of clouds and filled with vast_44._(spin)storms.The most famous of these is the Great Red Spot,_45._is so big that Earth could fit inside it.Jupite

50、r is also a planet full of_46._(puzzle).Those thick bands of clouds hide.what is happening inside the planet.Is there water?How much?Does Jupiter have a solid center?And then theres the question of just what_47._(drive)those monster storms.Nine spacecrafts_48._(send)to study Jupiter by now.The most