2021届临汾市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届临汾市第一中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A On Friday morning when 53-year-old Thong Pham broke into the house through the unlocked back door,he took a steak knife from the kitchen.It was dark,and the family didnt know what Marley wa

2、s barking(吠)at.Taylor,Amber and their girls Finley,6,and Sadie,4,soon woke up and came downstairs,too.“Well,it was dark so we couldnt see anything,only could hear Marley,”Amber recalled,saying her husband then went for the lights.“And once he turned the hall light on,we realized that the guy was hol

3、ed up in the corner trying to hide.”“So I think he got to the front door and realized he couldnt get out,and by that point in time,Marleys got him cornered,”Taylorsaid.Pham slashed(砍)both Marley and Taylor,and blood went everywhere.Taylor shared a video summary to his Facebook page,where he said Mar

4、ley was stabbed(刺)up to six times,mostly around the head and neck area.“And as I pulled back,blood shot out of my arm,”Taylorcontinued.“She got him pretty good and I got him pretty good in the face.”“But it was really hard because I was trying to make sure that my husband wasnt going to die,”Amber e

5、xplained,adding that she was trying to protect their two girls.“When he realized that the two girls were in the house,thats when he kind of backed up and started running.Taylorexpressed gratitude to everyone for their thoughts and prayers.And the family is thankful for their dog Marley.“Shes our her

6、o,”Amber said.“If it hadnt been for her,that guy could have gone in the.he could have gone to their rooms or something.”Tayloradded,“Yeah,I mean,the story plays out very differently if Marleys not there.”1.Why did the family come downstairs before daybreak?A.To stop a break-in.B.To lock the back doo

7、r.C.To check on Marley.D.To turn the hall light on.2.What happened during the fight?A.Pham dug a hole in the corner.B.Marley was injured but bit back.C.Taylor had a backup from neighbors.D.Amber fought back to protect her girls.3.What doesTaylormainly express on his Facebook?A.Forgiveness.B.Concern.

8、C.Anger.D.Appreciation.B Many Americans experience surprise(or disappointment)when they wake up on Christmas Day.They might be surprised or disappointed by a family members actions.They might be happy or unhappy about a Christmas gift.Imagine a child expects to get an Xbox or PlayStation for Christm

9、as.On Christmas morning,they quickly open their gift.Inside is an English grammar book.They might feel disappointed.The Everyday Grammar team would prefer the new English grammar book.But if you are like most young people,you would probably rather have a new video game.Today,we are going to explore

10、those feelings-feelings of surprise and disappointment.In other words,we are going to explore how speakers show that reality was better or worse than their expectations.Many languages use words to express expectation.Speakers also use words to express how events are not happening as expected.This id

11、ea is known as“counter expectation”.Do not worry about the term.Just remember that it means that speakers use words to show that reality is countering their expectations.English has many words that serve this purpose.Three of the most common are the words“even”,“still”and“actually”.You will often he

12、ar them in informal,everyday speech.Speakers use these words to show disappointment.The pitch of their voice tells you what they mean.Lets study examples of each word.Speakers often use the word even”to show disappointment or surprise.Imagine a young child that expects a phone call from a family mem

13、ber-perhaps an uncle or grandparent.The phone call never comes.The child might say the following:“Whats wrong with him?He didnt even call me on Christmas day.”Americans sometimes use“still”for showing how reality does not quite meet their expectations:“Youre still here?Its over!Go home.Go!”Another c

14、ommon word that shows surprise or disappointment is“actually”:“I cant believe it!Uncle Bob actually stole her Christmas gift.”4.What might most young Americans prefer as a Christmas gift according to paragraph 1?A.A newly made video game.B.An English grammar book.C.A new designed school bag.D.A uniq

15、ue jacket from their parents.5.What does the underlined phrase“counter expectation”in paragraph 3 mean?A.Expression of disappointment.B.Something expected to happen.C.The same with ones expectation.D.A result against what is expected.6.What do the three words“even”,“still”and“actually”have in common

16、?A.They are easy to understand.B.They express disappointment.C.They show delighted feelings.D.They are used most at Christmas.7.Whats the last paragraph mainly about?A.Expectations from loved ones.B.Different uses of the three words.C.Examples of the use of the three words.D.Emotions of disappointme

17、nt and surprise.C Elizabeth Spelke,a cognitive psychologist at Harvard,has spent her career testing the worlds most complex learning system-the mind of a baby.Babies might seem like no match for artificial intelligence(AI).They are terrible at labeling images,hopeless at mining text,and awful at vid

18、eo games.Then again,babies can do things beyond the reach of any AI.By just a few months old,theyve begun to grasp the foundations of language,such as grammar.Theyve started to understand how to adapt to unfamiliar situations.Yet even experts like Spelke dont understand precisely how babies or adult

19、s learn.Consider one of the most impressive examples of AI,Alpha Zero,a programme that plays board games with superhuman skill.After playing thousands of games against itself at a super speed,and learning from winning positions,Alpha Zero independently discovered several famous chess strategies and

20、even invented new ones.It certainly seems like a machineeclipsinghuman cognitive abilities.But Alpha Zero needs to play millions more games than a person during practice to learn a game.Most importantly,it cannot take what it has learned from the game and apply it to another area.To some AI experts,

21、that calls for a new approach.In a November research paper,Francois Chollet,a well-known AI engineer,argued that its misguided to measure machine intelligence just according to its skills at specific tasks.“Humans dont start out with skills;they start out with a broad ability to acquire new skills,”

22、he says.“What a strong human chess player is demonstrating is not only the ability to play chess,but the potential to fulfill any task of a similar difficulty.”8.Compared to an advanced AI programme,a baby might be better at _.A playing games B.identifying locations C.labeling pictures D.making adju

23、stments 9.What does the underlined word“eclipsing”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Imitating.B.Beating.C.Limiting.D.Promoting.10.According to the text,Francois Chollet may agree that _.A.AI is good at completing certain assignments.B.AI is likely to gain abilities with less training.C.AI lacks the abi

24、lity of acquiring specific skills.D.AI performs better than humans in cognitive ability.11.Whichwould be the best title for this passage?A.What is exactly intelligence?B.Why is modern AI advanced?C.Where is human intelligence going?D.How do humans face the challenge of AI?D Being a teacher is a rewa

25、rding career when it comes to changing lives,but its obviously one that comes with plenty of stresses and difficulties too.Seeking help for a child who is so obviously in need isnt easy.Often,you feel ignored by the government.You feel upset that there isnt anything you could personally do to help a

26、 needy and sensitive member of your class.Thats exactly how Chelsea Haley,aged 24 at the time,felt when she met fourth-grade student Jerome Robinson while working for Teach forAmericainLouisianafor the first time.The pair didnt get off to the best start,with Jerome,the“problem child”,almost drivingC

27、helseafrom teaching.But whenChelseaput her foot down and became determined to work more closely with Jerome,she learned the cause of his rude behavior:a bad home situation.Chelseawas eager to help Jerome,and realized that he needed more than just academic support.By 2016,a year after meeting him,Che

28、lsea had adopted(收养)Jerome and his brother Jace.Adopting a child doesnt come cheap,andChelseaspent all the money in her bank to see the process through.In her first few years of raising the boys,she lived on credit cards and postponed her student loan.AsChelsealived with her two adopted sons,she wor

29、ked hard to repay her debts.She took on extra tutoring jobs outside of school hours,moved in with her parents,and even delivered groceries for cash.Along the way,she was learning how to be the best mom to Jerome and Jace,cooking for them and cheering them on at football matches.And now,just five yea

30、rs later,Chelseacan proudly say that she has paid off nearly$50,000 of debt.Now that shes finally out of debt,Chelseahas plans to buy a house and save up for the boys college education.“It allows me to focus on the boys future,”she said.“Saving money for them,and not spending it on my past.”12.What

31、do we know from paragraph 4?A.Jeromes family was less fortunate.B.The brothers were in the same class.C.When helping Jerome,Chelseafelt hopeless.D.Chelseagot along well with Jerome from the very start.13.What didChelseado to pay off her debts?A.Borrow money from her parents.B.Do part-time jobs.C.Tra

32、in students to play football.D.Cook for customers.14.How old wasChelseawhen she paid off nearly all of her debts?A.24.B.28.C.29.D.30.15.Which of the following can best describeChelsea?A.Lucky and lovely.B.Sensitive and ambitious.C.Selfless and determined.D.Warmhearted and strict.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满

33、分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Hobbies Hobbies play an important role in our life.Most people havea lot of free time available but seldom use it gainfully._16_There are many hobbies from which you can pick and you can choose one that suits your talents.Once you have decided to star

34、t a hobby,it will be wise to go through a list of popular hobbies and choose one that is close to your heart and can make you feel confident.Some of the most popular hobbies that people generally take to are reading,listening to music,gardening,fishing,sports,music,exercise and computer-related acti

35、vities._17_Once you start,you seldom think of giving it up.Learning a new hobby is really a wonderful experience.As you progress,you will be living in a new world and learning new skills.You will begin to discover your hidden talents that you didnt know.You will start reading more about your hobby,m

36、eeting other hobbyists with similar interests,exchanging views and building friend circles both near and far._18_In these games you will get the opportunity to meet others on a regular basis and develop great relationship._19_They can help you keep good health and remain fit.On the other hand,if you

37、 are young and take a great interest in sports,you can develop your skills and finally get financially rewarded too.Similarly,gardening provides the hobbyist with enjoyable pastime and opportunity for relaxation.At the same time they get the rewards of their labor.People take up hobbies for interest

38、,enjoyment and relaxation.Over a period of time,you might develop outstanding skills and get financially rewarded._20_ A.Each of these hobbies can give you great benefits.B.This will change when you play games like golf,basketball or tennis.C.Most importantly,the main aim of having a hobby is for pe

39、rsonal satisfaction.D.Physical hobbies like sports and gardening can be very rewarding.E.This will be more so if you take up games like golf,basketball or tennis.F.Although these hobbies can benefit you a lot,you may not keep them forever.G.They would rather chat with their friends than use their ta

40、lents and start a hobby.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on stress management.As she raised a glass of water,everyone in the class_21_they would be asked the“half-empty or half-full”que

41、stion._22_,with a smile on her face,she asked the students,“How_23_do you think this glass of water weighs?”Answers called out_24_from 100ml to 300ml.She quieted the students down and then replied,“It does not matter on the weight.It_25_on how long you hold it.If I hold it for a minute,it is OK.If I

42、 hold it for an hour,I will have an ache in my right_26_.If I hold it for a day,my arm will feel numb.In each case,the_27_of the glass of water doesnt change,but the_28_I hold it,the heavier it becomes.Why?”Lost in_29_,all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.“Our_30_and

43、worries in life are like that glass of water.If we_31_our burdens all the time,sooner or later,we will feel exhausted,even_32_to carry on._33_you have to do is put all your burdens down,as_34_in the evening as possible.Dont carry_35_through the evening into the night;by doing this,we can get_36_next

44、 morning and are able to move forward.More_37_than not,life gets terrible when we think too much.And the moment you_38_your burdens,youll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.So rather than being upset and feeling_39_for yourself,start doing something about it.After all,life is too short to_40

45、_yourself to anything that is not making you happy.21.A.wondered B.agreed C.expected D.argued 22.A.Instead B.Meanwhile C.Anyhow D.Therefore 23.A.full B.little C.heavy D.much 24.A.replied B.ranged C.read D.remained 25.A.holds B.calls C.takes D.depends 26.A.finger B.foot C.arm D.leg 27.A.shape B.funct

46、ion C.size D.weight 28.A.better B.longer C.deeper D.further 29.A.thought B.idea C.plan D.class 30.A.doubts B.joys C.stresses D.surprises 31.A.carry B.cover C.hide D.show 32.A.uncertain B.unhappy C.unaware D.unable 33.A.What B.That C.Whether D.How 34.A.late B.early C.soon D.fast 35.A.this B.that C.th

47、em D.it 36.A.reset B.reviewed C.refreshed D.reminded 37.A.usually B.commonly C.ordinarily D.often 38.A.catch up with B.let go of C.put up with D.take care of 39.A.sorry B.satisfied C.happy D.confused 40.A.help B.abandon C.drive D.treat 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

48、SPACE:THE FINAL FRONTIER“Are we alone?Whats out there?”_41._(look)up at the stars,people have always wanted to learn more about space,and scientists work hard to find answers.They make_42._(vehicle)to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.Before the mid-20th century,m

49、ost people felt travelling into space was an_43._(possible)dream._44._,some scientists were determined to help humans realize their dream to explore space.On 4 October,1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite_45._(launch)by theUSSRand_46._(success)orbited around Earth.Afterwards,theUSSRfocused_47._sending peopl

50、e into space,and on 12 April,1961,Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world_48._(go)into space.Over eight years later on 20 July,1969,American astronaut Neil Armstrong_49._(step)onto the moon,famously saying,“Thats one small step for(a)man,one giant leap for mankind.”Following this,many more