(天津专)高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第一讲动词与动词短语.pdf

《(天津专)高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第一讲动词与动词短语.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(天津专)高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第一讲动词与动词短语.pdf（15页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 1/15 题一 语法知识 第一讲 动词与动词短语 考点 1 熟词生义现象 1 A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _ your year ahead.(2017江苏，30)Ashape Bswitch Cstretch Dsharpen 答案 A 解析 句意为：到了年底，快速回顾一下自己的成功和失败，这会有助于你为未来的一年做好规划。shape 影响(某事物的发展)，符合语境。switch 转换，转变；stretch 变大，拉长；sharpen 使变锋利，使增强。2We can achie

2、ve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than _ us.(2016浙江，8)Adivide Breject Ccontrol Dabandon 答案 A 解析 句意为：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。divide 分开，使产生分歧；reject 拒绝；control 控制；abandon 放弃，抛弃。根据句意可知选A。3Shakespeares writing is still popular today.It has really _ the 2/15 test of time.(2014安

3、徽，34)Afailed Bstood Ctaken Dconducted 答案 B 解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：莎士比亚的作品现在依然流行，它真的已经经受住了时间的考验。由句意可知选 B。考点归纳 熟词生义现象在高考中屡屡出现，有时会给考生带来不小的困难。应对的措施是在日常的学习备考中对常见的词汇除了掌握其基本意义外，对其不太常用的义项也要作适当的了解；其次要对一些具有“熟词生义”的词汇作强化记忆处理，以便在应考时做到胸有成竹。如下列单词的“熟词生义”：ache 渴望；address 在上写地址，演说；alone 只有；appreciate 意识到；blue 忧伤的；count 有价值；co

4、ver 够用；develop 逐渐形成；draw 推断出；date 约会；escape 被忘掉；fail 使失望，衰竭；foreign 不熟悉的；fresh 无经验的；ground 理由；invite 招致；late 已故的；might 力量；observe 遵守，庆祝；push 督促；promise预示；part 分手，放弃；read 写着；relate 讲述；say 假设；subject 易遭受的；walk 遛等。考点 2 关注形近词和形近短语 1Working with the medical team in Africa has_ the best in her as a doctor

5、.(2017江苏，25)Aheld out Bbrought out Cpicked out Dgiven out 答案 B 解析 句意为：在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。hold out 伸出，坚持；bring out 使显现，使表现出；pick out 挑选出，辨认出；give out 分发，发出。2Tom had to _ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2015天津，10)Aturn in Bturn down Cturn over Dturn to 答案 B

6、3/15 解析 句意为：因为太忙，上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了聚会的邀请。turn down 拒绝，符合语境。turn in 上交；turn over(使)翻转，调转；turn to(使)转向，求助于。3Body language can _ a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.(2015浙江，7)Atake away Bthrow away Cput away Dgive away 答案 D 解析 句意为：身势语能够清楚地

7、泄露出你的情绪，因此双臂交叉站着则表示你正在防御。give away 泄露，符合语境。take away 拿开，拿走；throw away 扔掉；put away 收起来，放好，储存。4 Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.(2015浙江，5)Aproduce Bpronounce Cprocess Ddownload 答案 C 解析 句意为：研究表明左右耳处理声音的方式不同。process 加工，处理，符合语境。produce 生产，制作，创作；pronounce 发音；download 下载。

8、5Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of Qu Yuan.(2014江苏，33)Aremember Bremind Crecover Drecall 答案 D 解析 句意为：传说端午节的起源是为了召回屈原的灵魂。remember 记住；remind 提醒；recover 康复，使恢复；recall 召回。考点归纳 1对英语中的一些形近词，考生常常混淆其意义，所以在复习的过程中要予以强化记忆，重点突破。如以字母 a 开头的词：approach，apply，appeal，appoin

9、t，appear，approve；adopt，adapt，adore，adjust；aboard，abroad；absorb，absolute，abuse，abrupt；access，accent，accept，accuse，account；attach，attack，attend，attain，attract 等；像动词短语：attain to，attend to，attach to，adapt to，adjust to，apply to，appeal to 等。2动词短语的考查通常有两种形式：(1)同一个动词不同的介词或副词，如 set 短语，get 短语，come 短语，turn 短语，

10、4/15 break 短语等；(2)不同的动词同一个介词或副词，如 come up，make up，turn up，bring up 等，所以平时要牢记某些固定短语在语境中的用法。考点 3 语境词义辨析 1Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter _，get married，and have kids.(2017天津，5)Asettle down Bkeep off Cget up Dcut in 答案 A 解析 句意为：布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来(settle down)，结婚成家，生儿育女。keep off 使避开，不接近；get

11、 up 起床，站起来；cut in 插嘴，打断别人说话。2He did not _ easily，but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016江苏，25)Aapproach Bwrestle Ccompromise Dcommunicate 答案 C 解析 句意为：他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。compromise 妥协，符合句意。3 When their children lived far away from them，these old people f

12、elt _ from the world.(2016浙江，12)Acarried away Bbroken down Ccut off Dbrought up 答案 C 解析 句意为：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人们感觉到与这个世界隔绝了。carry away 带走，夺走；break down 抛锚，垮掉；cut off 切断，隔离；bring up 抚养，提出。根据句意可知选 C。4When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that _ my inte

13、rest.(2016浙江，14)Alimited Breserved Creflected Dspoiled 答案 C 解析 句意为：当最后决定选一门课程时，我决定申请那门反映我兴趣的课程。reflect 5/15 反映，体现，符合语境。limit 限制；reserve 预订，保留；spoil 毁掉，溺爱。5Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion on the subject.(2016天津，8)Agave voice to Bkept an eye on Ctu

14、rned a deaf ear to Dset foot on 答案 A 解析 句意为：玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默，但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法。give voice to 表达对的想法，符合语境。keep an eye on 照看，留意；turn a deaf ear to 对充耳不闻；set foot on 进入，参观。考点归纳 语境词义辨析的关键是要理解句意以及上下文语境。其次要注意以下两点：一是要注意该动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，是延续性动词还是终止性动词；二是要注意一些特殊的动词，如连系动词等。这样就能做到有的放矢。对于动词短语来说，平时一定要注意积累，这样才能在具体的语境中灵活

15、地使用。方法 1 积累与比较 高考中很多题型都涉及动词或动词短语的辨析，平时要注意词汇的积累以及某些动词及动词短语横向或纵向的比较。记忆单词时，关键要记住动词的词义，同时要注意动词的用法。动词词义辨析已经成为高考必考考点。如：典例 Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _ to their greatest potential.(2015江苏，22)Aaccelerate Bimprove Cperform Ddevelop 答案 D 分析 动词 develop 具有多种含义，可表示“发展，加强，

16、冲洗(照片)，开发”等，应注意积累其在不同语境中的运用。在本题中 develop 表示“开发、发展”。英语中很多词都是一词多义，还有很多搭配都是约定俗成的，考生在平时的学习过程中需要不断积累。方法 2 挖掘与拓展 英语动词和动词短语的深层含义挖掘、多种含义拓宽也是高考的一个热点。每年的高考英语考试大纲中虽列出了单词和短语，但并未注明其具体的含义，这就给命题者留下自由的伸缩空间。所以平时复习时，不能拘泥于其在教材上的含义，要大胆地对其深层含义进行挖掘。如：典例 Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanks to the

17、comfortable climate for business creation.(2016江苏，30)6/15 Afallen off Btaken off Cturned off Dleft off 答案 B 分析 本题中 take off 意为“成功”。动词短语 take off 具有多种意思，除了表示“起飞，脱掉，成功”，还可以表示“匆忙离开”，如：He took off at once and headed back to the motel.他匆匆离开了，然后回到了那家汽车旅馆。强化练(一)题组 1 1After talking with her teacher for abou

18、t an hour，she felt relieved and began to know how to _ this kind of situation.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模，3)Ahandle Braise Cexplore Dstrengthen 答案 A 解析 句意为：和老师谈了大约一个小时后，她感到如释重负，开始懂得如何应对这种情况了。由空后的 situation 可知选 A。handle 处理，应付(局势、人、工作或感情等)。2Bob and Helen quarreled with each other last night but they soon _.(2017

19、红桥区二模，8)Aturned up Bput up Cmade up Dshowed up 答案 C 解析 句意为：鲍伯和海伦昨晚吵了一架，但他们很快就和好了。make up 和解，和好，符合句意。turn up 出现；put up 举起，张贴；show up 到场，露面。3How do you _ we go to Shanghai for our holidays?I think wed better take a train there.Its much safer and cheaper.(2017河东区二模，8)Ainsist Bwant Csuppose Dsuggest 答案

20、D 解析 句意为：你建议我们怎么去上海度假？我认为我们最好乘火车去那里。乘火车更安全也更便宜。由表示方式的关键信息词 How 和答语可知选 D。4Its a good idea.But whos going to _ the plan?7/15 I think Michael and Ken will.(2017河西区二模，6)Acarry out Btake in Cget through Dset aside 答案 A 解析 句意为：这是个好主意，但是谁去实施这个计划呢？我认为 Michael 和Ken 会去。carry out 实施，执行，符合句意。take in 吸收，领会，欺骗；ge

21、t through完成；set aside 把放置一旁，不理会，留出。5Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.(2017河东区二模，7)Aget over Bget in Cget along Dget through 答案 C 解析 句意为：读者即便不知道每个词的确切含义也能应付自如。get along 对付，应付，常和 without 连用。6How do you find Professor Smiths speech last night?To be frank，his speec

22、h didnt _ to me.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模，3)Aappeal Bbelong Crefer Doccur 答案 A 解析 句意为：你觉得史密斯教授昨晚的演讲怎么样？坦率地说，他的演讲没有引起我的兴趣。appeal to 对有吸引力，符合句意。belong to 属于；refer to 涉及，参考；occur to 被想到，(主意)浮现在头脑中。7 Colours like green can _ a sense of life and quietness to people.(2017河西区二模，4)Aacquire Bremark Cinvestigate Dconv

23、ey 答案 D 解析 句意为：像绿色这样的颜色可以给人们传达一种生机勃勃和宁静的感觉。convey传达，传递，符合句意。acquire 获得，学到；remark 评论；investigate 调查。8What you said doesnt _ what the police have told us，so we have to find more evidence.(2017天津十二所重点中学一模，12)Aagree with Bmake up 8/15 Ccontribute to Dshow off 答案 A 解析 句意为：你所说的与警方告诉我们的不一致，所以我们必须找到更多的证据。ag

24、ree with 与相符/一致，符合句意。make up 和好，编造；contribute to 促成，有助于；show off 炫耀，卖弄。9A new law which bans teenagers from smoking will _ 90 days after the governor signs it.(2017河东区一模，12)Acome into effect Bcome to power Cmake an effort Dmake a difference 答案 A 解析 句意为：一项禁止青少年吸烟的新法规将在州长签署后 90 天生效。come into effect 开始

25、生效，符合句意。come to power 执政；make an effort 作出努力；make a difference 有影响，起(重要)作用。10The young man had floated in the river for nearly two hours before he was _ by the fisherman.(2017天津一中 5 月考，10)Aput up Bmade up Cpicked up Dbrought up 答案 C 解析 put up 举起，提出；make up 组成，弥补；pick up 捡起，拾起；bring up 抚育，养大。根据句意可知在河

26、上漂流，应该是渔夫把他从河里捡起/救起，故选 C。11Mr Smith，may I have a word with you？Ill try not to_ too much of your time.(2017红桥区一模，11)Atake on Btake up Ctake in Dtake off 答案 B 解析 take on 承担，呈现，雇用；take up 占用，开始从事，接受；take in 吸收，领会，欺骗；take off 起飞，脱掉，突然成功。根据语境，此处是找别人谈话，应该是尽量不“占用”别人太多时间，故选 B。12Nowadays more and more school

27、s are beginning to_ new methods of teaching foreign languages.(2017天津五校联考一模，2)Aadopt Bmanage Creceive Dtreasure 9/15 答案 A 解析 adopt 采用，收养；manage 设法做；receive 接受；treasure 珍惜。根据句意可知，此处指很多学校开始“采用”新的外语教学方法，故选 A。13In order to lose weight，the young lady prefers to _ regularly rather than take expensive weig

28、ht-losing pills.(2017河西区一模，4)Awork out Bleave out Chang out Dfigure out 答案 A 解析 句意为：为了减肥，这位年轻的女士更愿意定期锻炼而不是吃昂贵的减肥药。work out 锻炼，解决；leave out 遗漏，省去；hang out 挂出，闲逛；figure out 解决，算出。故选 A。14How could you _ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months？(2017河北区一模，9)Aturn off Bturn in Cturn

29、 down Dturn to 答案 C 解析 turn off 关闭，关掉；turn in 上交；turn down 拒绝，(煤气，声音等)开小；turn to 转向，求助于，翻到。故 C 符合语境。15Every classroom in this modern school is _ with a new TV set on the wall and a computer on the teachers desk.(2017和平区一模，3)Aequipped Bdecorated Cfixed Dplaced 答案 A 解析 equip 配备；decorate 装饰；fix 修理；plac

30、e 放置。句意表达的是“配备”，故选 A。16When I called his name，he_ and smiled at me.(2017红桥区一模，8)Akept his feet Bgot to his foot Cjumped to feet Drose to his feet 答案 D 解析 keep ones feet 站稳，站住不倒；get to ones feet 站起来，起立；jump to feet 跳起来；rise to ones feet 站起来。根据语境“当我叫他的名字时”，应该是他“站起来”并对“我”微笑，选项 B 中的 foot 是单数，不符合固定用法，故选

31、D。17The beautiful rainbow in the sky _ life to the whole painting and 10/15 it indicates that the painter has a fertile imagination.(2017天津一中 4 月考，5)Adevotes Bdevelops Cgives Dlives 答案 C 解析 devote 奉献，投入；develop 发展；give 给予；live 生活。give life to sth.赋予某物生命力，故选 C。18Her bravery has given him the will to

32、_ with his life and his work.(2016河西区三调，7)Acome up Bput up Ckeep contact Dcarry on 答案 D 解析 句意为：她的勇敢给了他继续活下去和工作的意志。carry on with 继续(做)，符合语境。come up with 提出；put up with 忍受；keep contact with与保持联系。19The new traffic law has _.It wont be long before it is put into effect.(2016天津十二区县一联，8)Agone through Bset

33、 off Ccome out Dmade up 答案 A 解析 句意为：新的交通法规已经通过了。过不了多久就会实施。go through 通过，符合句意。set off 出发；come out 出现，出版；make up 编造。20Dont worry if you dont understand everything.The teacher will _ the main points at the end.(2016和平区四模，5)Arecover Breview Crequire Dremember 答案 B 解析 句意为：不要担心没全听明白。老师最后还会回顾要点。review 复习，回

34、顾；recover 恢复；require 要求；remember 记得。题组 2 1Having lost something in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and found Roy _ the pockets of peoples coats.(2017天津十二所重点中学二模，9)Agoing around Bgoing after 11/15 Cgoing against Dgoing through 答案 D 解析 句意为：我进衣帽间去拿落下的东西时发现罗伊正在翻别人大衣的口袋。此处为find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做

35、某事。go through sth.仔细检查，搜查，符合语境。2The recently released film Kong：Skull Island successfully _ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.(2017江苏南京三模，35)Atransports Badjusts Ctransforms Drelates 答案 A 解析 句意为：最近上映的电影金刚：骷髅岛借助杜比 3D 技术成功地把观众带到了一个新奇刺激的世界。transport 使产生身临其境的感觉。3 I called her nearl

36、y ten minutes this morning，but I couldnt _.(2017南开区三模，10)Aget through Bgo through Clive through Dlook through 答案 A 解析 句意为：今天早上我给她打了将近十分钟的电话，但是没打通。get through 接通/打通(电话)。4When I met her at the entrance to the hall，she _ to me that she had seen me.(2017红桥区二模，3)Aoccurred Bmentioned Creferred Dreminded 答

37、案 B 解析 句意为：当我在大厅入口处遇见她时，她向我提到她见过我。mention 提到，说起。mention sth.to sb.向某人提起某事。此处 sth.为 that 引导的宾语从句，为避免头重脚轻将 to sb.移到了前面。5The report shows that the increase in oil prices has_ many changes in our lives.(2017和平区二模，9)Agot through Bresulted from Cturned into Dbrought about 答案 D 12/15 解析 get through 穿过，完成；r

38、esult from 由引起；turn into 成为；bring about 带来。根据语境“给我们的生活带来了很多变化”，故选 D。6No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can _ when the unexpected will happen.(2017和平区三模，5)Aprove Bimply Cdemand Dpredict 答案 D 解析 prove 证明；imply 暗示；demand 需要；predict 预测。句意为：不论你对你的资金计划得有多仔细，没有人能预测不期之事何时来临。故选 D。7Interne

39、t shopping is really _ when people are sure of its safety and security.(2017和平区四模，5)Ataking off Btaking up Csetting off Dsetting up 答案 A 解析 take off 大受欢迎，迅速流行；take up 占用，继续从事；set off 出发，启程；set up 建立，安装。句子所表达的意思是“网购大受欢迎”，故选 A。8If you_ any mistakes in the article，just mark them with a pencil.(2017和平区二

40、模，3)Amake Brepeat Cspot Dignore 答案 C 解析 make 制作；repeat 重复；spot 看到，发现；ignore 忽视。根据语境“发现任何错误”，可知选 C。9The reason why he _ his post was that there was a more attractive and challenging job for him.(2017天津一中 3 月考，9)Aremained Bremoved Cresigned Dreplaced 答案 C 解析 句意为：他辞职的原因是他有了一个更吸引人、更具有挑战性的工作。remain 保持；re

41、move 去除；resign 辞职；replace 代替，故选 C。10It seems hard for me to _，because the other team members are all much younger and there is a big gap between them and me.(2017天津一中 4 月考，10)13/15 Aget away Bsettle down Cfit in Dmake up 答案 C 解析 根据下句“因为其他队员都年轻多了，我和他们之间有很大的差距”可知上句意为“我似乎很难适应”，fit in 适应。get away 离开，逃掉；

42、settle down 定居，安顿下来；make up 组成，化妆，弥补，编造。故选 C。11What do you think of the problem?I think it can be_ without too much difficulty.(2017天津五校联考一模，12)Apicked up Bgot over Ctaken down Dbrought in 答案 B 解析 句意为：你如何看这个问题？我认为解决它不会很困难。根据答句里的“without too much difficulty”可知这个问题会被解决，get over 克服，解决，所以选 B 项。pick up 拾

43、起，(用车、船)接人；take down 记下；bring in 引入，赚，赢，均与句意不符。12Since it is a store of so many cultural splendors，the new museum _ plenty of teenage visitors this April break.(2017河西区一模，5)Aholds Bstrikes Cattends Ddraws 答案 D 解析 hold 掌握，举行；strike 袭击，打击；attend 出席，参加；draw 吸引。根据句意：新博物馆吸引了很多的青少年游客，故选 D。13Susan has _ mo

44、re than 5,000 dollars in the last three months，with which she could buy new bicycles for those poor children.(2017天津一中 5 月考，3)Aaccelerated Baccumulated Cacknowledged Daccompanied 答案 B 解析 accelerate 促进，加快；accumulate 累积，积聚；acknowledge 承认，鸣谢，对打招呼；accompany 陪伴。句意为：苏珊在过去的三个月里积攒了超过 5 000 美元，她可以用这些钱为那些贫困的孩

45、子们买新自行车。故选 B。14Anyway，were here now，so lets _ some serious work.(2017河北区二模，8)14/15 Acome up with Bget down to Cdo away with Dlive up to 答案 B 解析 come up with 提出；get down to 开始认真做；do away with 废除，消灭；live up to 符合标准，达到期望值。根据语境“开始认真工作”，可知选 B。15And years later，she was proud that her son had read thousand

46、s of books，was awarded a PhD in literature，and _ his own books，articles，poetry and fiction.(2016河西区三调，9)Abid Brecited Cauthored Dspotted 答案 C 解析 句意为：数年之后，她为儿子读了数千本书、被授予文学博士学位和写了自己的书、文章、诗歌及小说而感到骄傲。author 编写，逗号符合语境。bid 投标；recite 背诵；spot 发现。16I sincerely suggest that you try to do your best to finish t

47、his project，unless you dont _ the complaints from all directions.(2016南开区一模，7)Abring about Bset about Ccare about Dgo about 答案 C 解析 句意为：我真诚地建议你尽最大努力把该工程做完，除非你不在乎来自四面八方的投诉。care about 在乎，符合句意。bring about 导致；set about 着手，开始做；go about 着手做，四处走动，传开。17Any violent acts that do harm to the world peace and ma

48、nkind should be seriously_.(2016河西区一模，8)Acondemned Binvaded Coccupied Doverlooked 答案 A 解析 句意为：任何对世界和人类和平造成伤害的暴力行为都应被谴责。condemn 谴责；invade 侵略；occupy 占用，占据；overlook 俯视，忽略。18It is reported that the police will soon _ the case of the two missing children.(2016河北区一模，13)Alook upon Blook after 15/15 Clook i

49、nto Dlook out 答案 C 解析 句意为：据报道，警察很快将调查两名失踪儿童的案件。look upon 看待，把看作；look after 照顾；look into 调查；look out 小心。故选 C 项。19Some parents are just too protective.They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined.(2016南开区三模，14)Aspot Bdismiss Cdistinguish Dshelter 答案 D 解析 句意为：有的父母太过于溺爱孩子。他们想保护孩子

50、免受任何形式的危险，无论是真实的危险，还是虚构的危险。shelter sb.from sth.保护/遮蔽某人不受某事的危害。20You may_my opinion on this matter，but you must tell me how you would like to deal with it.(2016河西区一模，9)Aset off Bset aside Cset out Dset up 答案 B 解析 句意为：你可以对我在这件事上的观点置之不理，但是你必须告诉我你将如何处理。set aside 把放在一边，符合句意。set off 出发，引起，引爆；set out 开始，着手