专题3动词和动词短语-2020-2021学年高二英语期末备考语法专题突破(解析版).pdf

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1、动词和动词短语 1.The number of tourists_ by at least 20%last year because of the slow-growing economy.A.rewarded B.declined C.prepared D.donated【答案解析】B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于经济增长缓慢，去年游客数量至少下降了 20%。A.rewarded 奖赏；B.declined 下降；C.prepared 准备；D.donated 捐赠。根据后文“because of the slow-growing economy”可知，因为经济增长缓慢，所以去年游客数

2、量下降了，应用 decline。故选 B。2.If you _ working like that,youll make yourself ill sooner or later.A.set out B.bring out C.carry on D.drive away【答案解析】C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你继续这样工作，你迟早会生病的。A.set out 出发；B.bring out 出版；C.carry on 继续；D.drive away 赶走，（把车）开走。根据后文“youll make yourself ill sooner or later.”可知此处表示继续这样工作，

3、迟早会生病，应用 carry on。故选 C。3.After years of research,scientists have _ the virus that is responsible for the disease.A.distinguished B.realized C.identified D.recognized【答案解析】C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的研究，科学家们确定了导致这种疾病的病毒。A.distinguished 区别；B.realized 意识到；C.identified 确定、识别；D.recognized 认识。根据“After years of

4、research”可知，此处表示“识别、确定”，故 C 项正确。4.That river _ 250 kilometers long and 60 meters wide.A.measures B.is measured C.calculates D.is calculated【答案解析】A【详解】考查动词辨析和主动表被动。句意：那条河长 250 公里，宽 60 米。measure 表示“测量”，描述主语的属性时，用主动表被动，calculate 表示“计算”，此处指河流的长宽等自然属性应用 measure。故选 A。5.We _ to paint the whole house but fi

5、nished only the front part that day.A.set up B.set out C.set aside D.set off【答案解析】B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们开始粉刷整个房子，但那天只完成了前面的部分。A.set up 建立；B.set out 开始；C.set aside 留出；D.set off 出发。根据“paint the whole house”可知，set out to do sth 意为“开始做某事”。符合句意。故选 B。6.He was completely _ his book and did not hear me call.A.

6、absorbed in B.attracted to C.committed to D.dealt with【答案解析】A【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：他完全沉浸在他的书中，没有听到我的电话。A.be absorbed in 全神贯注于；B.be attracted to 被吸引；C.be committed to 献身于；D.be dealt with 解决；被处理。根据后文说没听到我的电话可知，他是完全沉浸在书中。故选 A。7.The managers confident words have our doubts about how the plan will be carried out

7、.A.gotten up B.taken up C.cleared up D.given up【答案解析】C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:经理自信的话语解决了我们对如何实施这个计划的疑问。get up 起床;take up 占据,开始从事;clear up 解答,解决;give up 放弃。根据句意可知,应选C项。8.The school dining room _ as a meeting place for teachers and students.A.treats B.admits C.uses D.functions【答案解析】D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个学校餐厅起到了老师和学

8、生聚集场所的作用。A.treats 对待，看待；B.admits 承认，准许；C.uses 使用；D.functions 起作用，运转。根据句意，学校餐厅是充当老师学生的聚集场所，function as 表示的是作为某物起作用，符合语境。故选 D。9.-Smoking is bad for your health.-Yes,I know.But I simply cant _.A.give it up B.give it in C.give it out D.give it away【答案解析】A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：抽烟对你的身体不好。是的。我知道，但是我就是无法戒掉。A.give

9、 up 放弃；B.give it in 屈服；让步；C.give it out 发出；D.give it away 泄漏，出卖。根据 Yes,I know.But I simply cant 可知，但是我就是无法戒掉。故选 A 项。10.Didnt you have a good time at the party?Of course I did.As a matter of fact,I had such fun that time seemed to_so quickly.A.go by B.go away C.go out D.go over【答案解析】A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：

10、-你在聚会上玩得开心吗?-当然。事实上，我玩得很开心，时间过得飞快。A.go by(时间)过去；B.go away 走开;C.go out 出去,熄灭。D.go over转变,仔细检查。根据 I had such fun that time 可判断出“我过得那么高兴以至于时间飞快地过去了”故选 A 项。11._ is a pity _ you didnt attend the lecture last night.It was wonderful.A.What;that B.It;that C.What;why D.It;why【答案解析】B【详解】考查固定句型。句意：很遗憾，你昨晚没去听讲座

11、。那太美妙了。此处为句型“It is a pity that.”，表示“遗憾的是”，it 作形式主语,that 引导主语从句是真正的主语，从句句意完整，成分齐全，that 不做成分，仅起引导作用，选 B。12.It is reported that young people in our city read five books a month _.A.on average B.in average C.of average D.for average【答案解析】A【详解】考查固定短语。句意：据报道，我们城市的年轻人平均每个月读五本书。结合上文“young people in our city

12、 read five books a month”可知此处指“年轻人平均每月读五本书”应用on average，为固定搭配，其它选项均搭配错误。故选 A。13.It is never easy to adjust _ big changes.Those who can do it faster tend to be successful in their life.A.for B.with C.to D.in【答案解析】C【详解】考查固定短语。句意：适应大的改变从来不是件容易的事。那些能更快做到的人往往会在生活中取得成功。此处是短语 adjust to，意思为“适应”。故选 C。14.The

13、judge reminded the witness that he had to _ the truth of what he had said.A.prepare for B.answer for C.search for D.vote for【答案解析】B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：法官提醒目击证人要对自己陈述的事实负责。A.prepare for准备；B.answer for 对负责；C.search for 寻找；D.vote for 为投票。根据情境不难推测，法官是要证人对证词作保证、负责任。故选 B 项。15.With a long report _,I have to work

14、 really hard this week.A.to write B.written C.writing D.to be written【答案解析】A【详解】考查 with 复合结构。句意：由于有一篇很长的报告要写，这周我得非常努力地工作。表示将要发生的动作，用 with+名词+不定式结构，这里用不定式表示动作未发生，故选 A。16.-Would you permit me _ here?-Sorry.We dont permit _ in the library.A.smoking;smoking B.to smoke;to smoke C.smoking;to smoke D.to sm

15、oke;smoking【答案解析】D【详解】考查动词用法。句意：你能允许我在这儿抽烟吗?对不起。我们不允许在图书馆吸烟。动词 permit 用法：permit sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事；permit doing sth.禁止做某事。故选 D。17.Im really tired _ Tom.He had me _ for two hours in the rain.A.of,waiting B.with;wait C.of;waited D.with;waited【答案解析】A【分析】【详解】考查固定词组和非谓语动词。句意：我真得厌倦了 Tom他让我在雨中等了 2 个小时。be

16、 tired of 厌烦；对厌倦;be tired with因而疲倦，根据句意，B、D 项错误；have sb.doing sth 让某人一直做某事；宾语 me 与 wait 是主动关系，用现在分词，故选 A。18.-How well did John do in the match?-WonderfulI think we cant have a _ player in our football team A.good B.well C.better D.best【答案解析】C【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：约翰在比赛中做的好吗？非常的好，我认为在我们的足球队没有比他更好的了。cant 与

17、better 连用表最高级含义，这就意味着约翰是最好的足球运动员。故选 C。19.The teacher apologized _ late.A.to his students to arrive B.for his students to arrive C.to his students for arriving D.for his students for arriving【答案解析】C【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个老师因为迟到向他的学生道歉。表示“因为做了某事向某人道歉”apologize to somebody for doing something。故选 C。20.The fresh air _ our health and we _ it.A.benefits to;benefit B.benefits;benefit from C.benefits from;benefit D.benefits;are benefited by【答案解析】B【分析】【详解】考查 benefit 用法。句意：做早锻炼对我们的健康有益，我们会从中受益的。benefit sth 使受益；benefit from从中受益；根据句意，故选 B。