2021届东营区第一中学高三英语下学期期中试题及参考答案.pdf

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1、2021 届东营区第一中学高三英语下学期期中试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A If you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio,you may stop and give this your full attention.Multitasking shrinks(使.萎缩)the brain?research suggests.A study found

2、 that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain.University of Sussex researchers said,Using mobile phones,laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains.Worryingly,the part

3、 of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion.The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span,depression,anxiety and lower grades at school.The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention betwee

4、n different types of technology.This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail,or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet.The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior ci

5、ngu-late cortex(ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.Other studies have shown that trainingsuch as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers learning the map of Londoncan increase grey matter densities(密度)in certa

6、in parts.Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span.The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory.Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14%of 18 t

7、o 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.Multitasking may shorten attention span,making it harder to focus and form memories,the researchers said,adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.1.The underlined word simultaneously in Paragraph 2 means _，A.on ones own

8、B.at no time C.at the same time D.by accident 2.All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT_.A.saving time B.a shortened attention span C.lower grades at school D.depression and anxiety 3.Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?A.Media multitasking is becomin

9、g more popular B.Multitasking shrinks the brain C.Multitasking may shorten attention span D.People are worried about their memories.B Many cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red,blue or green,but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black,white,s

10、ilver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars.He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt.He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money.And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their car

11、s often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta,which makes supplies for international car makers.He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s.And he notes that white cars“absorb(吸收)less energy”than cars of other color1 s.This means temperatures inside them are l

12、ower in warmer areas.Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white.Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries,a company that makes paint fo

13、r cars.She said in China,buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue.Green has become less popular.Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America.Today,green is hard to find.Someti

14、me in the future,people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars technology may let owners change their cars paint color1 anytime.4.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.Most Americans dont like red cars.B.People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C.Many people prefer to choose whit

15、e cars in America.D.Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.5.Why do many people choose white cars?A.They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s.B.They are much safer while crashing.C.They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D.They are more comfortable inside in warme

16、r areas.6.What do we know from the text?A.Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B.Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C.PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D.Green cars were once popular in North America.7.What does the text mainly tell us?A.Choices of car color1 s B.How to buy a good car.C.D

17、ifferences of car color1 s.D.Popular car color1 s in history.C After almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing,you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart s desire.Now the most important question comes,what to do with the earnings?Should you fulfill dreams o

18、f the present,invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness.One may be on a winning streak(连续成功)now,but it will not always be so.One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain,and

19、 their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds.Save for those rainy days,they say.Do not spend too much,live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary,the lessons

20、start.In fact,the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one s money.People often think like this one day when I have enough money,I will travel the world.Then,once we do earn enough money,tomorrow s plans start shadowing our present ones.

21、However,is it wise to keep living for that future?Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s?How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions,aren t they?I say travel but don t let yourself run dry,treat yourself to some luxuries but also k

22、eep enough for your necessities,and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future.Life is for the living,so live it sensibly.8.Why do elders teach us to save money?A.Because there are more rainy days in life.B.Because no one can win streak.C.Because good days may end.D.Because money

23、cant buy everything.9.What does the underlined phrase“refrain from”mean in Paragraph 3?A.select from B.hold back C.rely on D.prefer to 10.Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A.To enjoy yourself in the right time.B.To wait to travel until we have enough money.C.To go backpacking in

24、 our 50s.D.To live for the future.11.What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A.We should save all for rainy days.B.We should fulfill our dreams.C.We should entertain ourselves.D.We should live the present wisely.D Ive been putting my passport to good use lately.I use it asa coast

25、er and to level unsteady table legs.It makes an excellent cat toy.Welcome to the pandemic(疫情)of disappointments.Canceled trips or ones never planned in case they would be canceled.Family reunions,study-abroad years,lazy beach vacations.Poof.Gone.Ruined by a tiny virus,the list of countries where our

26、 passports are not welcome is long.It is not natural for us to be this sedentary(定居的).Travel is in our genes.For most of the time our species has existed,weve lived as nomadic(游牧的)hunter-gatherers.But what if we cant move?Whats a traveler to do?There are ways to answer that question.Despair,though,i

27、s not one of them.We are an adaptive species.We can tolerate brief periods of forced sedentariness.We pass the days glancing through old travel journals and Instagram posts.We gaze at souvenirs.All this helps.For a while.Then,what hope do we have?I think hope lies in the very nature of travel.Travel

28、 involves wishful thinking.It demands a leap of faith,and of imagination,to board a plane for some faraway,land.Travel is one of the few activities we engage in not knowing the outcome and are drunk in that uncertainty.Nothing is more forgettable than the trip that goes exactly as planned.Thats one

29、reason why I have faith in travels future.In fact,Id argue travel is an essential activity.Its not essential the way hospitals and grocery stores are essential.Travel is essential the way books and hugs are essential.Food for the soul.Right now,were between courses,enjoying where weve been,expecting

30、 where well go.Maybe itsZanzibarand maybe its the campground down the road that youve always wanted to visit.12.From the first paragraph we learn that the author is _.A.desperate B.humorous C.bored D.worried 13.From the authors perspective,whats the point of travel?A.To feel hopeful.B.To make a wish

31、.C.To take adventures.D.To broaden horizons.14.How is the passage mainly developed?A.By showing evidences.B.By providing examples.C.By making comparisons.D.By interpreting opinions.15.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.Where to go for a trip.B.Why people need to travel.C.How to fight the pand

32、emic.D.What people should do at home.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways.The WHO released five simple rules for preparing food in a safe

33、 way._16_ Key 1:Keep clean The first key tells about the importance of washing.People should wash their hands oftenbefore touching food,while they are preparing food,and any time after they go to the toilet People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food._17_ Key 2:Separate raw

34、 and cooked People should separate raw,or uncooked food from foods that are already cooked and foods that will not be cooked.People should store raw meat,chicken,and fish in containers,or in separate areas Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.Key 3:Cook completely.People should cook eggs and me

35、at,like birds,seafood,and animals,especially carefully.These foods may carry more micro-organisms than other foods._18_It is also important that people re-heat cooked food completely.Key 4:_19_ When people are finished with eating,they should keep the leftover(吃剩的食物)in a refrigerator below 5and shou

36、ldnt store it for too long.At room temperature,about 20,the amount of micro-organisms can increase very quickly.But temperatures above 60or below 5control the growth of micro-organisms._20_ Key 5:Use safe water and raw materials.People should use safe water and choose fresh foods.Damaged or old food

37、 may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.A.Keep food at safe temperatures.B.Eat cooked food immediately,while it is still hot.C.They call these rules the“Five Keys to Safer Food.”D.Keeping everything clean helps people to avoid micro-organisms.E.They cannot grow so quickly in a very hot or ve

38、ry cold environment.F.People should also protect cooking areas and food from insects and animals.G.Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I was packing lunch for

39、 my two children.It was so early in the day that it was still_21_outside.It drove me crazy because I lacked_22_.Being a singlemom,I needed all the shut-eye I could get.So why was I adding this_23_to my life?Its all because of a family_24_.I remember my grandmother telling me how she_25_leftovers(剩菜)

40、for my grandfathers lunch.He always_26_to come home starving._27_,after much questioning,he admitted he had been_28_half his lunch to a coworker.From then on,my grandmother always sent extra.My mom didnt have_29_to pack lunches for five kids in school,so we ate_30_food.Once,I broke school rules,_31_

41、,Mom decided to pack my lunch to school,which consisted of_32_a hamburger and a cookie for several days.But by Friday,I found in my lunchbox my_33_egg salad sandwich and a giant jellyroll(卷筒蛋糕)with a note on top-Just in case you want to_34_.I was in_35_as I offered slice after slice to my friends.As

42、 I went on packing lunch,I thought about the_36_it took for my grandparents to share what little food they had.And my mother_37_to do the same.Even today,Thanksgiving day at her home always includes at least two guests who are_38_.Either leaves with a bag of leftovers and several dollars.Although ou

43、r budget was_39_and unable for extras,by sharing the little we had,I was carrying on a tradition,a lesson of kindness I could_40_to my own kids!21.A.dark B.bright C.stormy D.normal 22.A.money B.sleep C.confidence D.honour 23.A.stress B.hope C.identity D.sweet 24.A.gathering B.conflict C.tradition D.

44、business 25.A.bought B.prepared C.searched D.packed 26.A.pretended B.seemed C.intended D.happened 27.A.Eventually B.Generally C.Strangely D.Naturally 28.A.breaking up B.paying off C.calling for D.giving away 29.A.privilege B.problem C.courage D.time 30.A.bakery B.stand C.canteen D.cafe 31.A.Even so

45、B.What is more C.If necessary D.As a result 32.A.partly B.merely C.slightly D.hardly 33.A.alternative B.ordinary C.favorite D.expensive 34.A.abandon B.bargain C.share D.return 35.A.heaven B.tension C.curiosity D.trouble 36.A.appreciation B.responsibility C.sacrifice D.intelligence 37.A.refused B.con

46、tinued C.afforded D.failed 38.A.ambitious B.homeless C.punctual D.speechless 39.A.tight B.abundant C.compulsory D.independent 40.A.make use of B.take on C.get hold of D.pass on 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Zhoukoudian is a small village lying about 50 kilometers to

47、 the southwest of Beijing City.In the 1920s,archaeologists(考古学家)discovered some prehistoric human bones there,_41._changed peopled view of Chinas history.They came from_42._unknown species of man,and were the first evidence of human life in China thousands of years ago.The remains were three teeth!I

48、n 1929,a complete skull(颅骨)_43._(dig)out.Eventually,archaeologists found almost 200 items,including 6 skulls and more than 150 teeth.These discoveries proved the_44._(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago.Four sites where Peking Man and their_45._()live

49、d were discovered on the northern face ofLonggushan.Zhoukoudian was listed_46._aWorld Heritage Site in December 1987.It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies,but also provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution.Today,parts of the caves have been_4

50、7._(bad)destroyed by rain.Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds,_48._(cause)serious damage.Also,pollution from the nearby factories_49._(contribute)to the problem.This is a very serious matter and the Chinese Academy of Sciences is trying_50._(raise)public awareness of it.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分