2021届东莞市东华高级中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案.pdf

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1、2021 届东莞市东华高级中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A A Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People Fed Yuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator,known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwes

2、t Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s,when a serious food shortage sweptChina,Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice.He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the worlds

3、first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973,which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu(about 0.067 hectares),rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu.For the next four decades,he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice,achieving increasingly higher outputs

4、.In 2020,hybrid rice developed by Yuans team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons,a new world record.InChina,where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people,the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares,or 57%of the total planting area of r

5、ice,helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries,including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam,thePhilippinesandMadagascar.The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success,Yuan never held him

6、self back from making new breakthroughs.In 2017,his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao.The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater.His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectare

7、s of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the countrys rice harvest by about 20%.In 2018,Yuans team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai,which achieved huge success.In June 2020,his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,

8、800 meters in northwestChinasQinghaiProvince.The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams to“enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men”and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1.What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A.A serious fo

9、od shortage.B.Agriculture development.C.His interest in the rice experiment.D.His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2.From the passage,we know that Yuan Longping _.A.developed a variety of hybrid rice B.worked as a scientist after graduation C.started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017 D

10、.grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1953 3.We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longpings most outstanding qualities are_.A.modest and outgoing B.honest and creative C.generous and optimistic D.responsible and devoted B The history of the flying car is almost as old as that of

11、powered flight itself.It started with the Curtiss Autoplane of 1917,an awkward-looking machine with removable wings.It never left the ground.Later machines made it into the skies but failed to take off commercially.Money is now pouring into flying taxis.On March 30th Lilium,a German company that dev

12、elops them,announced a merger with SPAC,an acquisition company that values it at$3.3 bn-a sign that investors think the business will fly.Thanks to better batteries and lightweight materials,some of them are ready to carry passengers.Up to 300 firms are working on short-range battery-powered craft t

13、hat take off and land vertically.Carmakers,tech companies and others are investing money into the field.The government isoffering a glide pathto certification.Americas Federal Aviation Administration is engaged in the process with around 30 firms,says Natasha Santha of LEK,a consulting company.Midwa

14、y between a cab and a helicopter,flying taxis have distinct advantages over both.Quiet electric motors allow them to operate frequent services.They require only a patch of concrete to land,unlike noisy helicopters,which face severe operating restrictions in most cities.They can fly four or five time

15、s faster than a cab can drive and do not get stuck in traffic.Prices can be kept low by ride-sharing.Joby,based inCalifornia,says its five-seater machine will enter commercial service in 2024.The firm calculates the initial cost of around$4 per person per mile may soon fall by 25%.A trip fromManhatt

16、anto JFK airport would then cost$30-40 per passenger.The real revolution will come when full autonomy takes out the cost of a pilot.Archer hopes to run such aircraft by 2028.They face fewer obstacles in the air than earth-bound cars do on the road;airliners mostly fly on autopilot as it is.Still,as

17、one industry insider puts it,it is probably best to accustom passengers and regulators to airborne taxis before getting rid of the driver.4.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.The flying car can date back to the 1920s.B.Investors see the potential of the business of the flying car.C.The flying car

18、never left the ground successfully in history.D.A German company has launched a new flying car into the market.5.What does offering a glide path in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A.Giving the green light.B.Providing timely assistance.C.Presenting legal guidance.D.Conducting strict management.6.Which

19、of the following is the strength of flying taxis?A.Costing as little as cabs.B.Saving passengers from the traffic jam.C.Reducing air pollution.D.Having no operating restrictions.7.What can be inferred about the flying taxis from the last paragraph?A.They will develop faster than cars.B.Passengers wi

20、ll quickly get used to taking them.C.The regulators will take measures to promote them.D.Autopilot flying taxis will probably replace those with pilots.C In Copenhagen,an 8-year dream was realized when the first paid skiers took their runs down a one-third-mile course(路线)They skied on what is possib

21、ly the greenestpower factory in the worldThe factory is so clean and safe that designers were able to turn its buildings into a new center for social life The waste-to-power factory itself opened in 2017 under the name Amager BakkeBjarke Ingels is the architect whosecompany came up with the idea eig

22、ht years ago of designing a power plant building that would join mountain sports into its very nature“It is the cleanest waste-to-energy power plant in the worldIt is not only better for the environment,it is also moreenjoyable for the lives of its citizens.”Ingels says 97%of city people get their h

23、eating as a by-product of energy productionIt comes from a system where the electricity,heating,and waste disposal(处理)are mixed into a single processHe dreams that it is also becoming an example that others can look to and say,“IfCopenhagencan do it why can t we?There are no hills in this island cit

24、y,but now people can ski locally,while enjoying the best views ever seen of the harborAnother thing missing hereis snow cover throughout the winter,so designers set up a kind of special plastic grass that provides the perfect friction(摩擦力)for downhill winter sports In a country where 600,000 skiers

25、always had to travel to practice sking,to be able to finally ski in their backyard-and,all year round-is,as one skier said,“AMAZING”The company hopes to see 300,000 visitors enjoying the experience of Copen hill each year,with the ski slope costing$22 an hour or just$366 for a full season passMeanwh

26、ile,the city is one step closer to its final goal of becoming the worlds first carbon-neutral city by 2025We thinkit might be all“down hill”from here 8.How does the power factory produce electricity?A.By using oil B.By using coal C.By usingwind D.By using waste 9.What s Ingels dream according to the

27、 passage?A.To make more tall buildings in different big cities B.To help more skiers to ski in high mountains C.There will be more green power factories in the world D.More and more people will ski in the power factory 10.Where do the skiers ski in the power factory?A.On man-made snow B.On man-made

28、ice C.On plastic grass D.On real sand 11.The underlined part“it might be all downhill from here means that_.A.they will soon reach their final goal B.they will soon draw many visitors C.they will produce more electricity D.they have difficulties reaching the goal D A man in Indonesia is walking back

29、wards for 435 miles.Hes making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesias rainforests.Medi Bastoni is 43 years old.He is an Indonesian.Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands.There are over 16,000 islands there，and most of them are

30、covered with rainforests.But on Java,where Mr.Bastoni lives,far more forests have been cleared.Mr.Bastoni believes its important to protect forests from being cut down,and to restore(恢复)them when they have been destroyed.Near his home,Mount Wilis is now being restored,but Mr.Bastoni wants to make th

31、e protection continue.Thats how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.And walking backwards?Mr.Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past.Walking backwards is a good way to get attention.Right now,Mr.Bastonis backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.Mr.Bastoni is wearing a fra

32、me(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him,above his head.This allows Mr.Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards.Besides,Mr.Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food.He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way.He has been sleeping at

33、 police stations,security posts,and even strangers homes during the trip.His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day.In early August he was in Sragen-about 100 miles from his home.Its not clear whether Mr.Bastoni is still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17.12.What do we know about rainforests

34、in Indonesia?A.Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world.B.The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java.C.The islands there are all covered by rainforests.D Local people pay great attention to rainforests.13.Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk?A With the purpose

35、of fighting climate change.B.With the aim of becoming a healthy person.C.With the hope of rebuilding rainforests.D.With deep love for traditional sports.14.Whats the function of the large mirror?A.To make sure of Mr.Bastonis safety.B.To show Mr.Bastonis position correctly.C.To allow Mr.Bastoni to lo

36、ok forwards easily.D.To help Mr.Bastoni enjoy views on the road.15.What can be the best title for the text?A.The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia.B.The importance of rainforests to Indonesia.C.A trip to recall history and attract attention.D.A walking backwards trip to save rainfore

37、sts.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Being organized is an important skill for school and life.When youre well organized,you can stayfocused,instead of spending time hunting things down _16_For schoolwork,it means having one notebook or place where you store all y

38、our assignment,so you know what you have to do and when.Keeping all your school work neat and in a specific place-these are the main parts of organization.For home stuff,being organized means having a place to put your things and putting them back as you go._17_It means keeping your schoolbag,your s

39、hoes,and your clean underwear in the same places so you always know where to find them.Planning is part of being organized,too._18_Calendars,lists,and schedules can help you plan.You can buy or draw a calendar and keep it near your workplace.Making a schedule or“to-do”list for yourself is a good ide

40、a.Looking at your list helps you keep track of what you need to do._19_Check off things when youve done them.Use your list to help you decide which thing is the most important to work on first._20_But once youre organized,it feels great.The less time you spend hunting around for things or panicking

41、about homework,the more time you have for better things,like reading a good book or playing.A.Planning means deciding what you will do and when you will do it.B.First,you should get your schoolwork organized.C.Add new things as you get assignments.D.You will benefit a lot from a good habit.E.What do

42、es it mean to be organized?F.It takes some extra efforts to organize yourself and your stuff.G.It means hanging your coat up instead of dropping it on the floor or throwing it on a chair.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Lots of children wa

43、nt to know what to give their mom for Mothers Day.Of course,a handsome card is always great,but its not_21_to come up with that extra something.A few days before Mothers Day,my friend Ollie and I were discussing what_22_is good enough for his grandmother Abuela,who is pretty much like a_23_to him.Ri

44、ght then,Abuela walked inside with a tray of food.“Sweetie,wont you_24_us for lunch?Were having sandwiches.Its my speciality.”she said to me.“This is delicious!”I said after taking a bite and then asked.Speaking of_25_,whats the most delicious food youve ever eaten?”She thought for a minute.Well,not

45、hing could match the special strawberry ice cream my grandmother_26_when I was a girl on certain occasions.We winked at each other,knowing that we had already found a Mothers Day_27_his grandmother would love.Over the next few_28_,Ollie and I asked everyone we knew if they_29_to have a nice cream ma

46、chine and old fashioned one_30_but no luck.So my dad helped us_31_some recipes online,and fortunately we found a fun one that didnt require any_32_machinejust a couple of empty coffee cans in different sizes.Mothers Day_33_arrived.We were very_34_to make the ice cream.Sitting outside,we all took_35_

47、rolling the can while we sang the Mothers Day song for Abuela.We had to roll the can for half an hour._36_,it was so much fun；When the_37_was finally ready,Abuela was the first to try it.Mmm!The ice cream you made is even far better than I_38_!”Abuela smiled from ear to ear.For Mothers Day,_39_time

48、together while we made the ice cream was just as much fun as_40_it.It is company with love that means more than gifts.21.A.hard B.comfortable C.easy D.funny 22.A.gift B.lesson C.exercise D.food 23.A.friend B.mom C.sister D.teacher 24.A.help B.abandon C.blame D.accompany 25.A.urgent B.delicious C.pre

49、cious D.desperate 26.A.approved B.conveyed C.made D.predicted 27.A.surprise B.art C.toy D.honour 28.A.years B.months C.weeks D.days 29.A.attempted B.happened C.pretended D.agreed 30.A.over there B.or so C.as usual D.in particular 31.A.search for B.look after C.head for D.appeal to 32.A.strange B.spe

50、cific C.actual D.expensive 33.A.obviously B.suddenly C.eventually D.oppositely 34.A.shocked B.satisfied C.tired D.excited 35.A.turns B.photos C.courage D.money 36.A.Though B.However C.Therefore D.Besides 37.A.can B.biscuit C.ice cream D.flower 38.A.sell B.lack C.judge D.remember 39.A.spending B.coun