人教版英语八年级下册重点词组、句型及语法点汇总.pdf
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1、Unit 1 Whats the matter 怎么了 一、重点词组 1.have a fever/cough/cold 发烧/咳嗽/受凉;感冒 2.have a toothache/stomachache 牙疼/胃疼 3.have a sore back/throat 背疼/喉咙痛 4.talk too much 说得太多 5.drink enough water 喝足够的水 6.take risks(take a risk)冒险 7.in a difficult situation 在困境中 8.give up 放弃 9.make a decision 做出决定 10.lie down a
2、nd rest 躺下来休息 11.hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12.see a dentist 看牙医 13.get an X-ray 拍 X 光片 14.take ones temperature 量体温 15.put some medicine on sth.在上面敷药 16.feel very hot 感到很热 17.sound like 听起来像 18.all weekend 整个周末 19.in the same way 以同样的方式 20.go to a doctor 看医生 21.go along 沿着走 22.on the side of the roa
3、d 在马路边 23.shout for help 大声呼救 24.without thinking twice 没有多想 25.get off 下车 26.have a heart problem 有心脏病 27.to one s surprise 使惊讶的;出乎意料 28.thanks to 多亏了;由于 29.in time 及时 30.save a life 挽救生命 31.get into trouble 造成麻烦(或烦恼)32.right away 立刻;马上 33.because of 由于 34.get out of 离开;从出来 35.hurt oneself 受伤 36.pu
4、t a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎 37.fall down 摔倒 38.feel sick 感到恶心 39.have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40.cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41.put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42.have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43.mountain climbing 登山运动 44.be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 45.run out(of)用完;耗尽 46.so that 以便 47.so that 如此以至于 48.be in control of 掌管;管理
5、49.keep on doing sth.继续或坚持做某事 二、重点句型 1.What s the matter 怎么了 What s the matter with you=Whats the trouble with you=What s wrong with you 你怎么了 2.What should she do 她该怎么办呢 Should I take my temperature 我该量一下体温吗 主语+should/shouldnt+动词原形 You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。You shouldnt go out at night
6、.你晚上不应该出去。3.Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢 4.I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。5.She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.她说男人有心脏病,应该去医院。三、语法点 一、询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结
7、构来表达:Whats the matter(with sb)(某人)怎么了 Whats wrong(with sb)(某人)怎么了 Whats the trouble(with sb)(某人)出什么事了 What happened(to sb)(某人)发生了什么事 Are you OK 你没事吧 Is there anything wrong with sb.某人有什么事吗(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:某人+have/has+病症 The twins have colds双胞胎感冒了。Sb.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/ba
8、ckache/earache.She had a stomachache last night她昨晚肚子痛。某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位 He has a sore throat他喉咙痛。某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词 He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。某部位+hurt(s).My head hurts badly我头痛得厉害。某人+have/has+a pain+in ones+身体部位,I have a pain in my chest我胸口痛。(There is)something wrong with ones+身体部位 There is som
9、ething wrong with my right eye 我的右眼有毛病。其他表达方式 She has a heart trouble她有心脏病。He got hit on the head 他头部受到了撞击。She cut her finger她割破手指了。二 情态动词 should 的用法 1Should 为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldnt,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。You should drink hot water with honey你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。He should put his head b
10、ack 他应该把头后仰。We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。You shouldnt watch TV.你不应该看电视。2 Should 用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。Should I put some medicine on it 我应当给它敷上药吗 Should we tell her about it 我们应该告诉她这件事吗【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:Would you like(to do)sth你想要愿意(做)某事吗 Would you like to play bas
11、ketball with me 你想要和我一起打篮球吗 Shall I/we do sth 我我们做好吗 Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow 明天我们去动物园,好吗 Why not do sth 为什么不呢 Why not join us 为什么不加入到我们当中来呢 How/What about doing sth 做某事怎么样 How about going swimming 去游泳怎么样 Lets do sth 让我们做吧。Lets go home咱们回家吧。Youd better(not)do sth 你最好(不)要做某事。Youd better not go
12、 there alone你最好不要独自去那儿。Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.我将帮忙打扫城市公园。一、重点词组 1.Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2.an old peoples home 养老院 3.help out with sth.帮助解决困难 4.used to 曾经;过去 5.care for 关心;照顾 6.the look of joy 快乐的表情 7.at the age of 在岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 9.cheer up(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来 10.give out 分发;散发 e up
13、 with 想出;提出 12.make a plan 制订计划 13.make some notices 做些公告牌 14.try out 试用;试行 15.work for 为工作;为效力 16.put up 建造;举起;张贴 17.hand out 分发;散发;发给 18.call up 打电话;召集 19.put off 推迟;延迟 20.for example 比如;例如 21.raise money 筹钱;募捐 22.take after 与相像;像 23.give away 赠送;捐赠 24.fix up 修理;修补;解决 25.be similar to 与相似 26.set u
14、p 建立;设立 27.disabled people 残疾人 28.make a difference 影响;有作用 29.be able to 能够 30.after-school reading program 课外阅读项目 二、重点句型 1.The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。2.Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。3.He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morni
15、ng.每星期六上午,他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。4.Last year,she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。5.you can see in their eyes that theyre going on a different journey with each new book.从他们的眼睛里,你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。6.I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospi
16、tal until next summer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。7.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。8.You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。三、语法点 动词不定式 A.作主语为避免句子的头重脚轻,常用 it 作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不定式后置。常 用 句 型:It+be+adj.
17、/n.+(for/of sb.)to do sth./It takes sb.some time to do sth.B.作宾语动词 want,decide,hope,ask,agree,choose,learn,plan,need,teach,prepare常接动词不定式作宾语。C.作(后置)定语常用于“have/hassth.to do”或“enough名to do”“Its time to do sth.”等结构中。D.作宾语补足语tell,ask,want,invite,teach,like,call 等可接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成 tell/ask/want/call
18、/invite sb.to do sth.结构。【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去 to:“一感(feel),二听(listen to,hear),三让(let,make,have,,四看(look at,see,watch,notice),半帮助(help)”。E.动词不定式作状语 主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因。为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加 in order(to)或 so as(to)“为了,目的是”。常用结构有 too+adj./adv.+to do sth.等。F.固定句式中动词不定式的用法 常见的形式有:had bett
19、er(not)do sth./Would you like to do sth./Why not do sth./Would you please(not)do sth.等。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room 你能清理一下你的房间吗 一、重点词组 1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭 2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚 3.go to the movies 去看电影 4.get a ride 搭车 5.work on 从事 6.finish doing sth.完成做某事 7.clean and tidy 干净整洁 8.do
20、the dishes 洗餐具 9.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 10.fold your/the clothes 叠衣服 11.sweep the floor 扫地 12.make your/the bed 整理床铺 13.clean the living room 打扫客厅 14.no problem 没问题 15.welcome sb.欢迎某人 e home fro m school/work 放学/下班回家 17.throw down 扔下 18.sit down 坐下 e over 过来 20.take sb.for a walk 带某人去散步 21.all the
21、 time 频繁;反复 22.all day/evening 整日/夜 23.do housework 做家务 24.shout back 大声回应 25.walk away 走开 26.share the housework 分担家务 27.a comfortable home 一个舒适的家 28.in surprise 惊讶地 29.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西 30.watch one show 观看一个节目 31.hang out 闲逛 32.pass sb.sth.把某物传给某人 33.lend sb.sth.把某物借给某人 34.get sth.wet
22、 使某物弄湿 35.hate to do sth.讨厌做某事 36.do chores 做杂务 37.help sb.(to)d o/with sth.帮助某人干某事 38.bring a tent 带顶帐篷来 39.buy some snacks 买些小吃 40.go to the store 去商店 41.invite sb.to a party 邀请某人参加聚会 42.make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 43.enough stress 足够的压力 44.a waste of time 浪费时间 45.in order to 为了 46.get good grades 取得好成绩
23、 47.mind doing sth.介意做某事 48.depend on 依赖;依靠 49.develop childrens independence 发展孩子的独立性 50.look after/take care of 照顾;照看 51.do one s part in(doing)sth.做某人分内的事 二、重点句型 1.Could you please do sth.你能做某事吗 Could you please clean your room 你能清理一下你的房间吗 2.I have to do some work.我必须干些活。3.Could I+do sth.我能做某事吗 C
24、ould I use your computer 我能用一下你的电脑吗 4.She wont be happy if she sees this mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话,她会不高兴的。5.For one week,she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周,她什么家务活都不干了,我也一样。6.My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV.我一在电视机前坐下,我妈妈就过来了。7.hate+(to do/doing)sth.讨厌做某事 I hate to
25、do chores.我讨厌做家务。三、语法点 Could you please.句型(1)请求别人时通常用此句型,也可以说:Can you.please情态动词could或can在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别,但是用 could 在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用 could you/I.若在句末加上 please,则显得更礼貌。Could you help me find my book,please 你能帮我找到我的书吗(2)对 could you/I.的问句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry 或 o
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