高考英语倒装句语法考点复习课件.ppt

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1、 语法专题语法专题倒装句倒装句 对倒装句的考查在湖南高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。解题时，首先认真分析题干句的句子，若句首含有引起倒装的词或短语，再结合主语的情况判断是否要倒装，同时比较4个选项，从时态、语态等方面进行判断，确定该选用哪一个。倒倒装装倒装句的高考考点：倒装句的高考考点：全部倒装全部倒装部分倒装部分倒装1.在以在以here、there、now、then、off、away等副词开头的句子里。等副词开头的句子里。2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。时。1、Only+状语位于句首时状语位于句首时2.否定副词或短语位于句首时否定副词或短语位于句首时 3、在省去、在

2、省去if的虚拟条件从句的虚拟条件从句 中中4、So Neither Nor 位于句首时位于句首时5、as引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句6、特殊句式、特殊句式 倒装有两种形式：一是表语、状语置于句首，而主语置于句末，进行完全倒装；二是只将助动词、情态动词等提前到主语的前面，进行部分倒装。熟熟 读读 深深 思思1完全倒装完全倒装构成：将谓语动词直接提到主语前。(1)Here comes the bus.(2)In she came.(3)South of the river lies a small factory.(4)Such are the facts.(5)There stands

3、an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.(6)Present at the party were Mr.Green and many other guests.(7)Gone are the days when we used the“foreign oil”归归 纳纳 总总 结结规规则则1：表方位的副词here,there,out,in,up,down,away,off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装，如：(1)。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变，如：(2)。规规则则2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前

4、，进行完全倒装，如：(3)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结规规则则3：为了使上下文联系紧密，常将such,the following 放于句首，而句子的谓语动词置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如：(4)。规规则则4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist/stand/live/seem 等动词替代，如：(5)。规规则则5：有时为了突出或强调主语，可用“表语系动词主语”的完全倒装结构，如：(6)、(7)。熟熟 读读 深深 思思2.部分倒装部分倒装 构成：将情态动词、助动词、be提到主语前。(1)By no means can he catch up in such a

5、short time.(2)He is active in personality,and seldom does he stay indoors.(3)Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter.(连接并列主语，不可倒装)(4)Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(5)Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how ser

6、ious the pollution was.熟熟 读读 深深 思思(6)Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ticket.I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket.(7)Only in this way can you learn English well.(8)Only that boy can work out the problem.(9)Were I there,they would listen to me.(10)Such a clever b

7、oy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.(11)No matter how late it is,she often waits for him.(12)How blue the sky looks!(13)What a clever boy he is!规规则则1：含有否定意义的副词或短语，如：few,little,never,not,not until,nowhere,rarely,seldom,hardly/scarcelywhen，no sooner(than)，not only(but

8、 also),at no time,by no means等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装，如：(1)。【特别提醒】若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do,does 或did，如：(2)。not onlybut also连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装，如：(3)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结在“hardly/scarcelywhen从 句”和 “no soonerthan从句”结构中，主句用过去完成时，而从句用一般过去时，如：(4)。not until提前时，必须同时将

9、until后面的全部内容提前，如：(5)。neithernor 句型中两个句子都需要部分倒装。如：(6)。规规则则2：so/as/neither/nor 位于句首，连接两种相同的情况时，所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。规规则则3：“only 副词/介词短语/状语从句”放在句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(7)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结【特别提醒】only修饰主语时，不倒装，如：(8)。规规则则4：在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were,had,should时，可将if 省略，而把 were,had,should 移到句首，如：(9)。【特别提醒】若从句是否定句，则必须将not放在主语后。had

10、必须是助动词。规规则则5：在“sothat”和“suchthat”结构中，将“soadj.”和“suchn.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(10)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结【注意】句子的一部分成分(通常是表语或状语)提前，但主谓语序不变。1.as连接让步状语从句所引起的倒装详见考点10让步状语从句。2.否定词no matter连接的让步状语从句的句式“No matter how/wh 主语 谓语”，如：(11)。3.how和what引起的感叹句(1)How 形容词/副词主语谓语，如：(12)。(2)What 形容词名词主语谓语，如：(13)。归归 纳纳 总总 结结n1(2009年上海卷)H

11、earing the dog barking fiercely，away_.nAfleeing the thief B.was fleeing the thiefnCthe thief was fleeing Dfled the thiefn【解析】句意为：听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。本题考查了全部倒装句。表地点方位的副词away放句首时，句子要全部倒装。正常的语序是：The thief fled away.n【答案】Dn2(2009年全国卷)The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only_，but students became

12、more interested in the lessons.nAsaved was teachers energy nBwas teachers energy savednCteachers energy was saved nDwas saved teachers energyn【解析】句意为：电脑被应用于教学中。结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂更感兴趣了。此题考查not only用于句首时的倒装结构，not only用于句首时后面的句子必须用部分倒装。n【答案】Bn3(2009年重卷)Unsatisfied_with the payment，he took the job jus

13、t to get some work experience.nAthough was he Bthough he wasnChe was though Dwas he thoughn【解析】句意为：尽管对工资不满意，但为了获得工作经验，他还是接受了这份工作。本题考查though引导状语从句可用倒装的形式，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，但主谓顺序不变。though引导的从句也可以不倒装，前半句可写为：Though he was unsatisfied with the payment。n【答案】Bn4(2009年山东卷)So sudden_that the enemy had no t

14、ime to escape.nAdid the attackBthe attack didnCwas the attack Dthe attack wasn【解析】句意为：这次袭击非常突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。soadj.放于句首时，主句倒装。sudden是形容词，在句中作表语，故应用was。n【答案】Cn5(2009年福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then_all shouting together.nAvoices had come Bcame voicesnCvoices would come Ddid voices comen【解析】句意为：那会

15、儿，什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。本题考查倒装句型，副词then，away，out，in 等置于句首，且主语是名词时，主谓要全部倒装。n【答案】Bn6(2009年江苏卷)Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school._the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad.nAAttend BTo attendnCAttending DHaving attendedn【解析】句意为：尊敬的来宾朋友们，欢迎

16、莅临我校。今天早上参加50周年庆典的是来自国内外的校友。本句为倒装句，正常的语序应该是：Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.n【答案】Cn7(2009年四川卷)Not until I came home last night_to bed.nAMum did go Bdid Mum gonCwent Mum DMum wentn【解析】句意为：昨晚妈妈直到我回家才上床睡觉。not until引导状语从句且提前置于句首需要部分倒装，又因为时态

17、是过去时(从came可知)，所以要将助动词did提前。n【答案】Bn8(2008年上海卷)So much of interest_that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.nAoffers Beijing BBeijing offersnCdoes Beijing offer DBeijing doesoffern【解析】so much置于句首，后面的句子应用部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词提到主语前面。n【答案】Cn9.(2008年陕西卷)Not until the motorbike looked almos

18、t new_repairing and cleaning it.nAhe stopped Bdid he stopnCstopped he Dhe did stopn【解析】句意为：他把摩托车擦洗和修补得像新的一样才停止下来。not until引导的状语(或状语从句)放在句首，主句部分需部分倒装，所以只有B符合题意。n【答案】Bn10(2007年安徽卷)Little_that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.nAhe realized Bhe didnt

19、realizenCdidnt he realize Ddid he realizen【解析】本题考查倒装结构。否定词little位于句首时句子要部分倒装。n【答案】Dn1(2010届重庆一中期中测试)Not until he called the secretary three times_that the manager went to an important meeting.nAdid he tell Bhe toldnCwas he told Dhe was toldn【解析】否定词not置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，加之he与tell为动宾关系，故主句应用被动语态；所以选C。n【答案

20、】Cn2(2010届福建部分重点中学联考)Only under special circumstances_to take makeup tests.nAare freshmen permitted n Bpermitted are freshmennCfreshmen are permitted n Dare permitted freshmenn【解析】only后面跟状语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，故答案为A。n【答案】An3(2010届江西高安中学月考)Did you see who the driver was?nNo，so quickly_that I couldnt get a g

21、ood look at his face.nAdoes the car speed by Bthe car sped bynCdid the car speed by Dthe car speeds byn【解析】考查倒装句。句型so.that.中so与其后形容词或副词置于句首时，主句部分采用部分倒装结构；此句时态为一般过去时，借助于助动词did构成倒装句。n【答案】Cn4(2010届江西上高二中考)_he is，_he can do something that grownups do.nA A boy as；but BA boy though；yetnCBoy as；yet DBoy as

22、；butn【解析】考查特殊句式。句意为：虽然他只是一个孩子，但是他可以做一些成年人做的事情。前半句是as引导的让步状语从句，表语前置；此处表语为名词，其前不加冠词。此结构可以和yet，still等连用，但不可与but连用。n【答案】Cn5(2010届九江地区联考)Hardly_the phone_I was told that the hotel had been booked full.nAI had picked up；when nBhad I picked up；thennChad I picked up；when n DI had picked up；thenn【解析】考查倒装句和固定

23、句式。本句使用了“hardly.when.”句式，表示“刚一就”；当否定副词hardly放在句首时，主句要用倒装结构，因此选C。近年高考试题的单项填空部分有不少试题都呈现“复合型”，一个试题中考查两个或多个语法知识。n【答案】Cn6(2010届抚州地区联考)Only when class began_that he had left his book at home.nAwill he realize Bhe did realizenCdid he realize Dshould he realizen【解析】考查倒装句，当only状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式。n【答案】Cn7(201

24、0年皖南八校第二次联考)Little_about H1N1 so far，so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease.nAdid scientists known nBscientists have knownnChave scientists known nDhad scientists knownn【解析】本题考查时态和倒装。根据关键词so far，可以确定用现在完成时，故排除A、D两项；little表示否定，放句首要倒装。n【答案】Cn8(2009年福州检测)“By no

25、means，”declared the captain.“_give way to disappointment.”nAwe would Bwe willnCmight we Dshall wen【解析】考查倒装句型。by no means位于句首句子要倒装，根据句意应该用shall we。n【答案】Dn9(2009年南昌二模)Not until he called the secretary three times_that the manager went to an important meeting.nAdid he tell Bhe toldnCwas he told Dhe was

26、 told n【解析】考查倒装。not until 置于句首，句子要部分倒装；he 与tell之间存在着动宾关系，要用被动语态，所以答案为C。n【答案】Cn10(2009年绵阳市第三次诊断)_，she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.nAA quiet student as she may benBQuiet as she may be a studentnCBe a quiet student as she maynDQuiet student as she may ben【解析】考查倒装结构。句意为：尽管

27、她是个寡言的学生，但回家后关于她喜欢的歌手她也谈了很多。该倒装结构为：adj.n.(单数)as主语谓语。n【答案】Dn11(2009年西安八校联考二)By the side of the Birds Nest_，completed in 2008.nAthere standing the Water CubenBdoes the Water Cube standnCthe Water Cube standsnDstands the Water Cuben【解析】考查倒装。由于地点状语前置，句子应采用全部倒装语序，即把整个谓语放在主语之前。语境为：鸟巢的旁边就是2008年建成的水立方。n【答案】

28、Dn12(2009年福州检测)Many people agree that never in history_a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.nAthere wereBhas there beennCthere has been Dwere theren【解析】考查倒装结构。在从句中，否定副词never置于句首，所以要用部分倒装。n【答案】Bn13(2009年苏州模拟)Not a single word_when he left home and joined the army in 1941

29、.nAdid he leave Bleft henCdid leave he Dhe leftn【解析】考查倒装语序。not a single word位于句首时，句子的主语与谓语应该使用部分倒装语序。n【答案】An14(2009年南通三模)We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case_from practice.nAshould theory separate nBshould theory be separatednCtheory should separate nDtheory should

30、 be separatedn【解析】考查倒装结构。从in no case可知，后面的句子应用部分倒装，同时theory和separate为动宾关系，应用被动结构，故选B项。n【答案】Bn15(2009年东北三校联考)Can I smoke here?nNo.In no circumstances_in the library.nAsmoking permits nBsmoking is permittednCdoes smoking permit nDis smoking permittedn【解析】考查倒装句。in no circumstances 表示否定，意思是“决不，在任何情况下都不”，放在句首时，句子要倒装，由此排除A、B两项；根据句意可知，permit应该用于被动语态，所以D项正确。n【答案】D