高中英语：高一定语从句课件.ppt

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1、 *Attributive*a.my tractorb.my red tractorc.four guidesd.two guitars on the walle.a few mixtures in the bottlesf.I have something important to tell you.g.I need a room to live in.h.The white and black dog sleeping under the treei.The old lady killed in the accident yesterday has been buried.*Read th

2、e following and translate them:1.The dog(that)I found was very hungry.2.The tomatoes(which)I bought were green.3.The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious.4.The food that was on the table was expensive.5.The pancake(which)I ate was too dry.*Join these pairs of sentences:e.g.The eggs were not fresh.I

3、bought them yesterday.The eggs were not fresh.(that/which)I bought yesterday定定语语从从句句定语从句（一）定语从句（一）1.定语从句定语从句:用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一它一般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从被定语从句修饰的词称为句修饰的词称为先行词先行词,引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词,分为分为关系代词关系代词和和关系副词关系副词.2.引导词引导词:关系代词关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whos

4、e,as（主宾（主宾表）表）关系副词关系副词:when,where,why（状）（状）(whose作定语作定语;whom作宾语作宾语)人人物人/物1.He prefers the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.2.The noodles were delicious.You cooked them.3.I prefer dumplings.They have just been cooked.4.Dont drink water.It has not been boiled.5.The tomatoes were expensive.We ate

5、them just now.-He prefers the cheese-The noodles were delicious.(that)you cooked-I prefer dumplings that have just been cooked.that/which comes from his parents farm.-Dont drink water which has not been boiled.-The tomatoes were expensive.(that/which)we ate6.The pancakes were made of corn.You had th

6、em for breakfast.7.San Francisco is a big city.It lies in the west of the States very near the Pacific.8.Cheap houses were built with little money.They were not strong enough.-The pancakes(that/which)you had for breakfast were made of corn.-San Francisco is a big city which/that lies in the west of

7、the States very near the Pacific.-Cheap houses that/which were not strong enough were built with little money.9.Theletterisfrommyaunt.Ireceivedittwodaysago.10.Theplaywasveryinteresting.Wesawitthenightbefore.11.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoYichang.12.Wheatisaplant.ItisgrowninnorthernChina.13.Ihavelost

8、thewatch.Myfathergaveittometwoyearsago.14.Cheeseismadefrommilk.Itislikedbypeopleinwesterncountries.15.Cream,butterandcheesearekindsoffood.Theymakeyoufat.16.This is the best film.It has been shown this year.17.This is the first school.They visited it in this city.18.Everything is good to him.She has

9、done it.19.This is the only pencil.She found it in the drawer.20.This is the very magazine.I am looking for it.21.This is the dictionary.Its cover has been broken.22.This is the tree.Its leaves first turn yellow in the fall.(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor

10、.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用thatTheschoolandstudentsthat he visitedmadeadeep impression(印象印象)onhim.(6)Who/Which/What.之后引导词用之后引导词用that,不用不用who或或whichWhoistheladythatistalkingtoourteacher?Whichisthebookthatyouwanttoread?定语从句（二）定语从句（二）that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互在指物的情况下一般都可以互换换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一

11、般用that,不用不用which。(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等修饰时。修饰时。Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.All_helear

12、nedfromtheteachersisvaluable.Youcanfindalltheinformation_youneedontheInternet.Hetoldmeeverything_heheardatthemeeting.Sydneyisthefirstplace_IvisitedinAustralia.Thisisthemostamusing(惊讶的)story_Ihaveread.Theonlyinformation_Igotishisaddress.Thisistheverymoment_candecideyourfuture.Illneverforgetthebeautif

13、ulvillageandthekindvillagers_Ivisitedthesummerholiday.Whoistheman_isstandingbythewindow?thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat*Fill in the gaps with a proper word:1.All_ I could do is the offer of my comfort.2.The book_I need is in my bag.3.The Great Wall is the longest wall_ has ever existed in the w

14、orld.4.To get the job started,all_I need is your permission.5.Finally,the thief handed everything_ he had stolen to the police.6.Is this the museum_ you visited the other day?(that)(that/which)that(that)(that)(that/which)1.非限制性定语从句Hecamelateagain,whichmademeangry.2.关系词前有介词ThisistheroominwhichChairma

15、noncelived.3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用whichLetmeshowyouthebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.定语从句（三）定语从句（三）只用只用which,不用不用that1.先行词one,ones,anyone,指代人ThepersonIwanttolearnfromisonewhostudieshard.2.TherebeThereisagentlemanwhowantstoseeyou3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中Imetaforeignerin the park ye

16、sterdaywhocanspeakChinesewell4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个whoThemanthatwaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorwhoisverymodest.定语从句（四）定语从句（四）修饰人只用修饰人只用who,不用不用that定语从句（五）定语从句（五）引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。Thisisthegirlwho_(practice)thepianoeveryday.Hehasadaughterwho_(

17、be)verypretty.Hehadtwodaughterswho_(be)beautiful.practicesiswere1.Oneof结构中：Tomisoneoftheboyswhowerelate.Tomisthe(only/theonly)oftheboyswhowaslate.2.I,who_fondofmusic,decidetomajorinmusicatcollege.am定语从句（六）定语从句（六）引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。Yourfriend(_studiesinBeijingUniversity)cametoseeyouyeste

18、rday.Heistheman(_youhavebeenwaitingfor.)Thenecklace(_Maryborrowedfromherfriend)wasmadeofglass.Thebook(thatIborroweditfromthelibrary)iswellwritten.ThewatchIgaveittoherworkswell.who/thatwho/that/whom/which/that/定语从句（七）定语从句（七）关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把介词可以把介词提前，介词提前，介词+which/whomTheman_youtalk

19、edtoisafamousactor.Themanto_youtalkedisafamousactor.Thebook_Iheardaboutwaswrittentenyearsago.Thebookabout_Iheardwaswrittentenyearsago.whom/who/that/-whomwhich/that/-which1.Doyouknowthestudent_?A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk2.Canyoutellmethebook_theotherday?A.yout

20、alkedaboutB.aboutthatyoutalkedaboutC.thatyoutalkedD.whichyoutalkedCA定语从句（八）定语从句（八）当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词状语，用关系副词when,where引导从句。引导从句。当先行词为当先行词为reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词词why引导从句引导从句Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoJixi.whenIllneverforgetthetime_weworkedon

21、thefarm.whenThisisthehouse_welivedlastyear.whereThefactory_hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.whereThiswasthereason_Iwaslate.why*Translate the following:1.The house where we used to live was a very old building.2.The school where I used to go is 7 kilometers away.3.The hospital where I was born was

22、very small.4.Ill never forget the day when we were set free.5.I remember the time when slaves used to be sold.6.Ill never forget the time when I was sold to the rich farmer.定语从句（九）定语从句（九）1.关系副词关系副词when和和where引导的定语从句中，引导的定语从句中，when和和where可以用可以用介词介词+which来代替，介来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。Hewillr

23、emembertheyears_hestudiedatcollege.when/inwhichThisisthefarm_myfatherusedtowork.where/onwhich2.关系副词关系副词why引导的定语从句中引导的定语从句中,why 可以用可以用for+which来代替来代替Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslate?Join the following pairs of sentences:1.This is the house.We used to sleep in it.2.I often visit the place.Slave

24、s used to be sold there.3.The house was quite big.My mother worked in the house.This is the houseThis is the housewhere we used to sleep.in which we used to sleep.I often visit the place where slaves used to be sold.-The house was quite big.where my mother workedThe house was quite big.in which my m

25、other worked4.The date was 14th August.We moved to another state on that day.5.The time was a sad time.We fought for freedom during the time.The date was 14th AugustThe date was 14th August when we moved to another state.on which we moved to another state.The time was a sad time The time was a sad t

26、ime when we fought for freedom during which we fought for freedom.6.I dont know the reason.She was late because of this reason.I dont know the reason why she was late.7.Do you know the date?Lincoln was born on that day.8.What was the year?Lincoln first became President of the USA in the year.9.What

27、was the year?Fighting broke out in the year.10.Can you tell me the date?Lincoln was shot on that day.1.Isthisthehospital_heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inwhere2.Hisuncleworksinafactory_bicyclesaremade.AthatB.whichC.whereD.inthat3.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A

28、duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichCCA定语从句（十）定语从句（十）介词介词+关系代词关系代词(介词的选择介词的选择)用于这种情况的关系代词一般为用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which(指物指物)和和whom(指人指人)1.根据从句中根据从句中动词短语动词短语来确定来确定.Thisisthecarfor which you paid a high price.(pay for)ThemanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisTom.(shakehandswithsb)2.根据根据先行词先行词确定确定.when,where,why=介词

29、介词关系代词。关系代词。.Illneverforgetthedayonwhich（=when）Ijoinedthearmy.Thefactoryinwhich（=where）hisfatherworksisfarawayfrommyhometown.Idontknowthereasonforwhich（why）hewaslateforschool.Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.3.表示所属关系时表示所属关系时,介词用介词用of,即即the+名词名词+of+which/whom,=whose+名词名词.Helivesinaroom,thew

30、indowofwhichfaceswest.Helivesinaroom,ofwhichthewindowfaceswest.,whosewindowfaceswest.Thechildwassavedbyaman,thenameofwhomwasnotknown.Thechildwassavedbyaman,ofwhomthenamewasnotknown.,whosenamewasnotknown.4.表示整体中的一部分或表示整体中的一部分或中最中最的，介词一的，介词一般也用般也用of。both/all/some/分数分数/名词名词+of+whom/whichTheGreenshavetw

31、odaughters,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.Chinahasmanyrivers,thelongestofwhichistheYangtzeRiver.$5.据句子的意思确定介词据句子的意思确定介词。Thisisthepilot(飞行员飞行员)forwhomIboughtacamera.Thisisthepilotwithwhommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.ThisisthepilotbywhommysonwassavedPeter_IplayedtennisonSundayswasfatterthanI.Hishouse_h

32、epaid$10,000tenyearsagoisnowworth$30,000.Ilostmyglasses_Icouldseenothing.Thereisabigtree_somepeoplearesittingandchatting.Theycollectedmuchmoney_theycouldhelpthedisabled.YesterdaywevisitedtheCenturyPark_therearemanypigeons.Youcangetoffatthenextstop_youcanchangefortheNo.10bus.Thereistheplane_IcametoSh

33、anghai.with whomfor whichwithout whichunder whichwith whichin whichat whichon which11.Can you remember the first place?Lincoln worked in the place.12.What is the name of the state?Lincoln was born in the state.13.He helped his father on the small farm.They lived on the small farm.14.This was a time.

34、There were still slaves in the USA during the time.15.This book is about the time.Lincoln was President during the time.16.The school is still standing.Lincoln learnt to read and write there.17.There were many poor people in the town.Lincoln grew up there.18.Lincoln had very little free time.He coul

35、d study then.19.The theatre is in the same city.Lincoln was shot there.20.Tell me the reason.You dont want to share the room with him for the reason.21.Is this the reason?You are looking for him for this reason.1.Hebuiltatelescope_hecouldstudythesky.AinwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit2.Ihavetwope

36、ns,_writeswell.A.NoneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem3.Thattree,thebranches(树枝)arealmostbare(秃的)，isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich4.Thetrain_hewastrvellingwas10minuteslate.A.whichB.onwhichC.forwhichD.onthat5.Thisisthefilm_Iaminterested.A.inwhichBatwhichC.inthatD.onwhichC

37、BBBA1.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudythesky.AinwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit2.Ihavetwopens,_writeswell.A.NoneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem3.Thattree,thebranches(树枝)arealmostbare(秃的)，isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich4.Thetrain_hewastrvellingwas10minuteslate.A.which

38、B.onwhichC.forwhichD.onthat5.Thisisthefilm_Iaminterested.A.inwhichBatwhichC.inthatD.onwhichCBBBA1.TheGreenshavetwodaughters,bothofwhomarecollegestudents.2.TheGreenshavetwodaughters,andbothof_arecollegestudents.3.TheGreenshavetwodaughters.Bothof_arecollege%.themthemTellthedifferencebetweenthem.Thisis

39、thefactory(_makesshoes.)Thisisthefactory(_hisfatherworks.)Thisisthefactory(_wevisitedyesterday.)Theday(_Iwillneverforget)isJanuary30th.Icannotforgettheday(_Ijoinedtheparty).Pleasetellmethereason(_youarelate.)Hehastoldmethereason(_canexplainhisabsence(缺席缺席)fromthemeeting.)Thereason(_hetoldus)wasnottr

40、ue.which/thatwherewhich/that/-which/that/-whenwhywhich/thatwhich/that/-定语从句（十一）定语从句（十一）whose引导的定语从句形式为:whose+名词,表示所属关系,即某人的.或某物的.,如.Doyouknowtheboywhosefatherisascientist?.Therearemanytreeswhoseleaveshavefallenbecauseofdisease.Thegirlwhosedressisredismysister.表示所属关系时表示所属关系时,介词用介词用of,关系代词为关系代词为which/

41、whom,即即the+名词名词+of+which/whom,可转换可转换为为whose+名词名词.Helivesinaroom,thewindowofwhichfaceswest.Helivesinaroom,ofwhichthewindowfaceswest.,whosewindowfaceswest.Thechildwassavedbyaman,thenameofwhomwasnotknown.Thechildwassavedbyaman,ofwhomthenamewasnotknown.,whosenamewasnotknown.定语从句（十二）定语从句（十二）as引导的定语从句as引导

42、定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如:thesame.as.,such.as.,asweexpected,asweallknow,asherealized,asisnecessaryasisoftenthecase,asweallcansee,asismentioned等.1.ThisisthesamewatchasIlost.2.Dontreadsuchbooksasarenotuseful.3.Asweexpected,hedidntcome.1.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.Asismentionedabove,smokingisbadforourhealt

43、h.3.Youhavemadethesamemistakeasyoumadelasttime.4.Asisknowntoeveryone,themoontravelsroundtheeartheverymonth.5.Asisoftenthecase,hewinsthefirstintheexamination.定语从句（十三）定语从句（十三）限限制性定语从句与制性定语从句与非非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句的区别1从形式上来说，从形式上来说，非非与主句之间有与主句之间有逗号逗号分开。分开。2从引导词来看，从引导词来看，非非修饰人和物均修饰人和物均不能用不能用that3从与主句的关系来看，

44、从与主句的关系来看，非非是先行词的附加说明，如省略，是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，主句意思不受影响，限限与先行词的关系密切，是先行词与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。Theschool,whichisfarfromyourhome,isagoodone.HereisabookwhichtellsabouttheChinese.Hearrivedhalfanhourlate,whichmadeusunhappy.代指school 代指整个句子ProfessorWang,_inventedthem

45、achine,iscomingtovisitourcity.Charlesworksinachemicalplant(工厂工厂),whereheholdsanimportantposition.(职职位位)Theplantwhere my brother worksisverybig.Hehasasonwhoisadoctor.Hehasason,whoisadoctor.who（一个或多个儿子）（一个或多个儿子）定语从句应注意问题（定语从句应注意问题（4）但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。面，不提前。1.Thisisthewatchwhichhewaslooking for.Thisisthewatchforwhichhewaslooking.2.Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterarehealthy.Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingarehealthy.3.Thevillagethatshelivesinistwomiles.Thevillageinthatshelivesistwomiles.Thevillageinwhichshelivesistwomiles.