高考英语专题讲座之阅读理解.ppt
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1、一、细节理解题:一、细节理解题:1、直接事实题直接事实题:2、间接事实题间接事实题:先阅读题干,确定读材料的时候要查找的先阅读题干,确定读材料的时候要查找的细节及事实的范围,然后利用细节及事实的范围,然后利用略读略读的手法的手法找出出处。找出出处。需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。简单的概括和判断。Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families.They spent their childrenhood in little wooden rooms.T
2、hey got little education.Washington and Lincoln,for example,never went to school and they taught themselves.Lincoln once did jobs of a worker,shop-keeper and post officer in his early years.A large number of U.S presidents had experiences in the army.The two best known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight
3、D.Eisenhower.Grant was a general in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.It happened that they graduated from the same schoolWest Point Military Academy(西点军校)1Q:PresidentEisenhowerbecamewell-known.A.whilestudyinginWestPointMilitaryAcademyB.duringtheAmericanCivilWa
4、rC.after he was elected President of the U.S.D.duringWorldWarII.Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian,hostofthewellreceivedTVprogramme“StarsTonight”,MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhensh
5、ewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.2However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designe
6、dbytheAsiaTVStation.“Itsreallyahardjobforme.Iwontenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime,inShanghai,IdlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience,saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.Q:WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLi
7、nisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.Miss Asia of 1991,Born in Shanghai,designed by the Asia TV Station二、主旨判断题:二、主旨判断题:v题干形式:v1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?v2)Whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemai
8、nideaofthistext?v3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?v4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?v5)Thebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticleis_.技巧:剔除细节或论据,找到各段的主题句 (topic sentence)范围一般包括:短文标题、主题(Title);大意或段落大意(Main idea)Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.Su
9、ch a person is not really a thief.They are sick and cannot help themselves.All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions.People with kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not
10、 belong to them.With medical help they may become normal citizens again.They things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value.They often give away what they have stolen or collect objects without using them.3vQ:Whatisthetopicofthetext?vA.YoungThieves.vB.AnUnusualIllness.vC.ReasonsforSteal
11、ingvD.ANormalChildsActions.Topic Sentence:Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.Boston-Thievesdressedaspoliceenteredamuseum early Sunday and stole 11 paintings,including major works by Rembrandt,Dagas,ManetandVermerr,FBI(美国联邦调查局)andthemuseumofficialssaid.Thefi
12、rstjudgmentplacedvalueofatleast$100million on the works stolen from the IsabellaGardener Museum,said Boston police spokes-manJimTordanWilliamBobinson,ofHardvardUnivercitysFoggelMuseum,calledtheobjectsstolen“majorworks.”4vQ:Whatisthebestheadlineforthisnewspaperarticle?vA.ATheftTookPlaceinBostonvB.Art
13、worksstolenbyThievesvC.MajorWorksvD.InvestigationintothetheftTopic Sentence:Thieves dressed as police entered a museum early Sunday and stole 11 paintings 5Youdreameachnight,eventhoughyoumaynotrememberyourdreams.Whileyoudreamyoureyesmoveandyourheartbeatsfaster.Evenyourbrain-wavepatternchanges.Somesc
14、ientiststhinkthatdreamingisimportantforthesakeofhealth.Theyclaimthatwithoutdream,peoplewouldgocrazy.Q:Whatdoesthepassagemainlytells?A.HowpeoplestayhealthyB.HowsleepisnecessaryC.WhydreamsareimportantD.WhenpeopleremembertheirdreamsTopic Sentence:Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the
15、 sake of health Readingisthekeytoschoolsuccessand,likeanyskillittakespractice.Achildlearnstowalkbypracticinguntilhenolongerhastothinkabouthowtoputonefootinfrontoftheother.Agreatathletepracticesuntilhecanplayquickly,accurately(精确),withoutthinking.Tennisplayerscallthat“being”inthezone.”Educatorscallit
16、“automaticity(自动).6vQ:The first paragraph tells us_.vA.whatautomaticityisvB.howaccuracyisacquired(获得)vC.howachildlearnstowalkvD.howanathleteistrained.Topic Sentence:Educators call it“automaticityInAmericawehaveHalloween.InMexicotheyhaveTodosSantos,whichmeans“AllSaints”.This is the day in which peopl
17、e rememberfamilyandfriendswhohavedied.Theyvisitthecemeteryinsteadofgoingouttotrick-or-treat.But they do have pictures of skeletons andghostshangingaround.Theyalsohavemanycandyskullstoeat.7vQ:Whatdoesthestorymainlytells?vA.WhatholidaysarelikevB.WhatHalloweenislikeinMexicovC.WhathappensduringTodosSant
18、osvD.WhatwedoonHalloween三、推理判断题:题干形式:(1)It can be inferred from the text that _.(2)From the text we know that _.(3)The story implies that _.(4)The paragraph following the passage will most probably be _.(5)The writers attitude towardis _.v技巧技巧:找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语,进行符合逻辑的推理。v注意注意:不能以自己的
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