阅读理解推理题.pptx

《阅读理解推理题.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《阅读理解推理题.pptx（36页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 一位十分有名的侦探接到一位粉丝的来电，“喂？”您好！您就是毛利名侦探吗？我已经仰慕您很久了，下下个星期五有空吗？我想请您来我家吃顿饭。“但侦探并不想去：”对不起啊，我下下个星期五恰好很忙，我上午要开一早上的会，中午要参加我叔叔的葬礼，下午要去参加同学聚会，晚上又要开派对，真对不起，改天把。“粉丝沉默了，良久，又说：“侦探先生，您所说的事情中，恐怕有一件事说错了。”请问，哪件事说错了？A.开会 B.葬礼C.同学聚会 D.派对推理的力量！第1页/共36页 年份2017年2016年2015年2014年2013年推理题分值 8 10 16 6 6阅读理解总分值30分第2页/共36页 推理判断考题近三

2、年分值较之前有所上升，稳定在10分左右的水平，每年考推理题4-5题左右，在这些考题中，涉及最多的推理题类型是细节推理题。第3页/共36页推理判断题细节推断。如时间、地点、人物关系等预测想象推断逻辑推断。推断作者写作目的、情感态度 文章出处或来源第4页/共36页推理题干扰项特点：1.原文的简单重复，以偏概全。2.与原文内容相反、张冠李戴、以全概偏。3.与常识吻合，原文找不到依据。4.原文未涉及，属主观臆断。第5页/共36页细节推断的设问方式？It can be inferred from the passage(or the last paragraph)thatIt can be conclu

3、ded from the passage(or the last paragraph)atIt implies that.What do we know about the.mentioned in Paragraph 3?第6页/共36页细节推断？抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。第7页/共36页（2015年全国II卷）What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A.It is flexible in length.B.It is a time fo

4、r relaxationC.It is increasingly popularD.It is required by universities More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年)before going to university.It used to be the“year off”between school and university.The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源)with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants

5、 between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.（paragraph1）That is a record 14.7%increase in the number of students taking a gap year.（paragraph3 sentence1)细节推理：1.全面分析2.忠实原文3.不选表层信息第8页/共36页（2014年全国II卷）What is especially important for environmental protection according to

6、 the last paragraph?A.Education B.Planning C.Green living D.CO reduction Twenty five years ago,there were hardly any education programs for environment.Today,its hard to find a public school,university,or law school that does not have such a kind of program.”Until we do that,nothing else will change

7、!”say Bruce Anderson.细节推理：1.全面分析2.忠实原文3.不选表层信息第9页/共36页（2016年全国II卷）What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?A.They were made last week.B.They showed undersea sceneries.C.They were found by a cameraman.D.They recorded a disastrous adventure.Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstandingundoubtedl

8、y first-rate photo-journalismif they had been made last week.In fact,they were shot from 1914 through 1916,most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩),by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest,under freezing water,in the damaged woo

9、den ship.1.全面分析2.忠实原文3.不选表层信息第10页/共36页逻辑推断的设问方式？What will aBookCrosser do with a book aftre reading it?Why does the author mention.in the first paragraph?第11页/共36页逻辑推断？逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路。第12页/共36页（2013年全国II卷）Why did some uninvited theatre groups come t

10、o Edinburgh in 1947?A.They owned a public house there.B.They came to take up a challenge.C.They thought they were also famous.D.They wanted to take part in the festival.At the same time,the“Fringe”appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947,in th

11、e belief that everyone should have the right to perform,and they did so in a public house disused for years.逻辑推理第13页/共36页（2016年全国II卷）Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?A.To help them to see their creativity.B.To find out about their sleeping habits.C.To help them to impr

12、ove their memory.D.To find out about their ways of thinking.“Do you dream at night when youre asleep?”“Oh,sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative.Wh

13、o does that for you?”“Nobody.I do it.”“Reallyat night,when youre asleep?”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime,in class,okay?”逻辑推理第14页/共36页写作目的推断的设问方式？The writer uses the example of .to show that.What is the purpose of writing this passage is to.In writing the passage,the author intends to.第15页/共36页写作

14、目的推断的设问方式？to entertain readers 娱乐读者，让人发笑,常见于故事类的文章。to persuade readers说服读者接受某种观点,常见于广告类的文章。to inform readers 告知读者某些信息,多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或社会类文章.第16页/共36页The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _ A.test the readers knowledge about waves B.draw the readers attention to the topi

15、c C.show Jamie Taylors importance D.invite the readers to answer them “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave?Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?”asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh.“Ther

16、e is certainly a lot of energy in waves,”he said.写作目的推理第17页/共36页（2017年全国II卷）What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To show his love of films.B.To remember a friend.C.To introduce a new movie.D.To share his acting experience.I last saw him a few months ago.Hed been in and out of the hospit

17、al.He and I both knew what the deal was,and we didnt talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didnt need a lot of words.写作目的推理第18页/共36页情感态度推断的设问方式？What is authors attitude towards.The tone of the authors in this passage?Which of the following best decribes the writers viewpoint?When he said:.,it m

18、eans.?第19页/共36页1）表示褒义的词语：positive，supporting，praising，optimistic，admiring，appreciative,enthusiastic等；2）表示中性的词语：curious,uninterested，neutral，impersonal，subjective，objective,indifferent等；3）表示贬义的词语：disgusted，critical，negative，suspicious，doubtful,cautious,tolerant，worried,pessimistic,sarcastic等。表示作者情感态度

19、的词汇第20页/共36页情感态度推断的设问方式？作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰的词语中。因此，在推理判断的过程中，因特别注意作者的措辞。第21页/共36页This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _.A.complain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder,bribery(行贿)，and death.Frankly

20、,I am sick of all the bad news.情感态度推理第22页/共36页（2015年全国II卷）How does the author sound when telling the story?A.Curious B.Anxious C.Cautious D.Humorous The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night.Fortunately,I didnt get any channe

21、ls showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Sometimes this technique would not work,and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set.情感态度推理第23页/共36页预测想象推断的设问方式？What do you think had happened before.what do

22、 you think would happen after.This event probably took place in.What probably happened in the end?What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)?第24页/共36页预测想象？根据语境对可能出现的结局或及的内容等进行预测推理。推测下文的内容：推断下文要注意最后一段的内容。推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是开始几句话。第25页/共36页(2010湖北)What will the auth

23、or most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A.Causes for the parent-teen conflicts.B.Examples of the parent-teen war.C.Solutions for the parent-teen problems.D.Future of the parent-teen relationship.In this article,Ill describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and

24、 parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things.Examples include the color of the teens hair,the cleanliness of the bedroom,the preferred style of clothing,the childs failure to eat a good breakfast before school,or his tendency to s

25、leep until noon on the weekends.Second,blaming.The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong.Third,needing to be right.It doesnt matter what the topic is politics,the laws of physics,or the proper way to break an eggthe point of

26、 these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong,for both wish to be considered an authority someone who actually knows something and therefore to command respect.Unfortunately,as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other,theyll cont

27、inue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.预想判断推理第26页/共36页（2016年全国II卷）What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A.Meet other readers to discuss it.B.Keep it safe in his bookcase.C.Pass it on to another reader.D.Mail it back to its owner.Members go on the site

28、and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place,hoping that the book will have an adventure,traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.People who find a book can

29、also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it.E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found.Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.预想判断推理第27页/共36页文章出处、来源

30、推断的设问方式？The passage is most likely to be taken from.Where would this passage most probably apear?The passage is most likely a part of.第28页/共36页文章出处、来源推断？从文章格式、结构及内容判断出处。常相关文章类型：广告、报纸、杂志、产品说明、自传等。第29页/共36页（2015年广东卷）This passage most likely comes from_?A.a fishing guide B.a novel on childhood C.a popu

31、lar sales book D.a millionaires biography When i grew up and entered the business world,i remember hearing my first boss say:we all need to think like salespeople.but it didnt competely make sense.my dad never once said,if you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.what he said was,

32、you need to think like a fish.years leter,with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me,i gradually learned what wo all need is to think more like customers.it is not an easy job.i will show you how in the following chapters.文章出处？第30页/共36页第31页/共36页How does

33、the author sound when telling the story?The underlined words took off in paragraph 2 mean _The purpose of the writer to write the passage is _.Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word exotic in the third paragraph?When Natalie returned to Rockaway after yhe hurricane,sho found _.Wh

34、at can be the best title for the passage?With which of the following does the author agree?The passage would most likely to be found in.?Where would you most probably find this passage?推理设问？Ture or false?第32页/共36页解题点睛细节推断逻辑推断写作目的情感态度 预测想象文章出处判断推理类型定位相关文段，理解原文内容，对比选项选择正确答案。结合上下文，根据原文事实进行推理，把握作者写作思路：因

35、果关系、事件发展顺序。1.故事类：to make people laugh,to tell an interesting expeience等.2.广告类：to sell sth.to atrrract sb.等。3.其他类：topic sentence/key words。全面理解全文，把握作者中心思想，观点态度大致分三类：积极类、中立类、消极类。推测下文内容，根据作者的思路进行推理。推测上文内容，关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。从文章格式、结构及内容判断出处。常相关文章类型：广告、报纸、杂志、产品说明、自传等。第33页/共36页失败是迷雾，穿过它，我们就可以瞥见光明。Failure is the fog through which we glimpse triumph.第34页/共36页第35页/共36页感谢您的观看！第36页/共36页