英语高级词汇学习.docx

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1、IELTS Advanced Vocabularyabandon: to give up completely - abandoned the sinking ship.synonyms: relinquish, forgo, forsakeacademic: pertaining to school; theoretical academic interests-an academic discussion with no practical implications.synonym: scholastic accelerate: to quicken, speed tip - took a

2、n accelerated course in order to graduate early.synonym: expedite (adj. expeditious)antonym: retard adversity: misfortune - calm in the face of adversity. synonyms: affliction, mischance, reverses aggressive (noun: aggression, an unprovoked attack): self-assertive; attacking, offensive - annoyed peo

3、ple by his aggressive attitudesynonyms: bumptious, officious, obtrusiveantonyms: meek, humble, retiring, diffident ambiguous: uncertain, vague, capable of being inter- in more than one way - puzzled by the ambiguous statement.synonyms: hazy, obscure, equivocal, dubious, nebulousantonyms: explicit, u

4、nquestionable anonymous: of unknown authorship-an anonymous publication.apprehensive (verb: apprehend): fearful - being unprepared, John is apprehensive of the examination.artful: sly; crafty - attained his mean objective by artful measures.synonyms: cunning, wily, adroit, ingenious, guilefulantonym

5、s: guileless, ingenuous, artlessatheist: one who denies that god exists - the atheist declared, there is no god.nsynonyms: infidel, agnostic, sceptic attribute (verb): assign -attributed his success to bard work.synonym: ascribe(noun): an inherent quality -generosity was his outstanding attribute.au

6、thentic: genuine -proved to be an authentic document.synonyms: veritableantonyms; apocryphal, counterfeit, spurious, bogus banter: good-natured teasing or ridicule-two wits exchanged banter to the amuse the audience. synonyms: raillery, chaffproximity: nearness-worked in close proximity to his home.

7、synonyms :propinquity, vicinityantonym: remotenessquash: to crush; to render void - quashed a rebellion; quashed an indictment.synonyms: suppress, extinguish, quell; annulradical (noun): one who advocates extreme basic changes - the reform movement was led by a radical.(adj.): thorough, extreme - ra

8、dical measures adopted to meet the emergency.antonym:(noun and adj.) conservativeramiflcation: a branching; sub-division - studied the subject in all its ramifications.refute: to prove incorrect or false-refuted his opponents argument.synonyms: rebut, confuteantonyms: substantiate, confirm, corrobor

9、atereiterate: repeat (several times) - reiterated his story once more.renegade: one who forsakes political or party principles or his religious faith - a renegade from his former allegiance. synonyms: turncoat, apostate, recreant, traitorrespite:(1) temporary deferment or cessation of work or pain -

10、 a brief respite from labor.synonym: surcease(2)a temporary delay in the execution of a sentence - granted the man a temporary respite.synonym: reprieveresilient: elastic; light-hearted; possessing power of recovery - a resilient spirit, refusing to admit defeat.synonyms: flexible, pliable, supple,

11、limberretribution: the reward or punishment exacted for an injury, wickedness, or other action - suffered just retribution for his folly.synonyms: requital, nemesisretrieve:(2) to make good -retrieved a mistake.(3) to recover -retrieved the suitcase left at the station.(4) to restore - retrieved his

12、 lost fortunes.satellite:(1) an attentive or flattering follower - a prince surrounded by many satellites.synonyms: lackey, toady, disciple, adherent; adj., fawning, obsequious, partisana country influenced or controlled by another - freedom is conspicuously absent fin thesoviet satellites.(2) a bod

13、y (natural or artificial) which revolves around a larger body, generally a planet - the moon is the only natural satellite of the earth, but in recent years it has been joined by many artificial satellites.sordid: mean and base; filthy - sordid motives breed selfish actions.synonyms: degraded, vile,

14、 ignoblesporadic: occurring singly, at irregular intervals; scattered - sporadic cases of illness.spurn: to refuse or reject with contempt - an offer that was spurned instantly.synonyms: repel, snub stringent: strict; compelling, constraining-stringent regulations; stringent requirements, synonyms:

15、exacting, rigidantonym: laxtangible: real; actual - tangible gains which may be seen and counted.synonyms: material, veritable, perceptible, substantial tantamount: equivalent - an act that is tantamount to treason.taunt (verb), to reproach with contempt - taunted him with the charge of failure to a

16、ct promptly. synonyms: mock, twit, gibe, sneer, deride(noun): an insulting, jeering, or bitter remark - hurled taunts at his foes.teeming: in abundance, fertile, highly productive the teeming tropics, rank with vegetation.synonyms: swarming, fruitful, fecund, aboundingtranquil: calm; peaceful - a tr

17、anquil summer night.synonyms: placid, sereneantonyms: perturbed, ruffled, turbulent trivial: of little importance - a trivial offense.synonym: paltryantonyms: gross, momentousvanquish: to subdue or conquer -an army vanquished with heavy losses.vaunt: to boast - proudly vaunted his strength.synonyms:

18、 brag (noun: braggadocio, braggart), proclaimversatile: able to do many things skilfully versatile in all the arts.whim (adj.: whimsical): a sudden notion or passing fancy -frequently acted on the whim of the moment. synonyms: caprice, vagary, crotchetzealous (noun: zealot: fanatic): full of enthusi

19、asm or eagerness -a zealous fan of the actor. antonym: perfunctorybiased: prejudiced - misled by a biased point of view. synonyms: bigoted, arbitrary, partial, partisan antonyms: disinterested, equitable bizarre: queer; unusual in appearance- bizarre clothessynonyms: odd, fantastic, grotesque, eccen

20、tricbog: a swamp - sank into the spongy bog.synonyms: morass, fen, quagmire, mirecandid (noun: candor): frank, outspoken; impartial- a candid reply that could hardly be more forthright.synonyms: artless, ingenuous, unbiasedantonyms: guileful, evasivechronic: continuing a long time; habitual-4Z chron

21、ic complaint persisting for years.synonyms: persistent, unremitting, inveterate, incessant, constantantonyms: intermittent, sporadic, infrequentcivil:1. of or having to do with citizens or the state - we have civil duties as well as civil liberties.2. polite, courteous - answered in a civil fashion.

22、synonyms: respectful, graciouscoalition (verb: coalesce): alliance; merging of various units into one unit - three parties forming a coalition to rule the country.synonyms: amalgamation, consolidation, fusioncollusion: working together secretly for an evil purpose acted in collusion to overthrow the

23、 government.synonyms: collaboration, conspiracy, conniving, machinationcompatible: harmonious; able, to get along together -They parted because they were not compatible.synonyms: congruous, consistentantonyms: incongruous, discordant, incompatiblecompensation: payment for services - just compensatio

24、n for his labor.synonyms: stipend, remuneration, recompense, emolumentcomplacent: self-satisfied - looked on his own performance with a complacent smile.synonym: smugcondole (noun: condolence): to express sympathy with another in sorrow, pain, or misfortune - condoled with each other in their grief.

25、synonyms: commiserate, show compassion, solace condone: to forgive or overlook (an offense)condoned the deed in view of the offenders age.synonyms: extenuate, palliate, mitigate, gloss consensus, general agreement the consensus of the committee was that no action should be taken. synonym: accordcosm

26、opolitan (noun): one who is at home in all countries - a cosmopolitan can feel atease anywhere in the world.(adj.): free from local prejudices - a world-wide traveller is a cosmopolitan in tastes and attitudes. synonyms: catholicantonyms: parochial, provincial crass: coarse and stupid displayed cras

27、s ignorance.synonym: grosscredible: worthy of belief a credible story, true to life.antonym: incrediblecreditable: deserving or reflecting credit or honour - applauded for his creditable performance.synonyms: praiseworthy, meritorious, commendableantonyms: discreditable, infamous, opprobrious, ignom

28、iniouscurt: rudely abrupt -offended by the curt response.synonyms: blunt, brusque, bluffantonyms: affable, civil delinquent (noun): an offender - found to be a delinquent by the court.(adj.): failing to fulfil an obligation - too many people who are delinquent in meeting their civic duties. synonym:

29、 derelictdemeanor: behaviour; bearing - carrying himself with a proud demeanour.synonyms: deportment, mien denounce (noun: denunciation): to speak against - denounced by the press as a traitor. synonyms: stigmatize, censure, reprehend, castigateantonyms: laud, eulogizedepreciate: to belittle or spea

30、k slightingly of depreciated Johns acting ability.synonyms: disparage, derogate (adj. derogatory)antonyms: enhance, magnify, extol, laud, eulogizedevious:(1) winding; indirect - took a devious, rather than the direct way home.synonym: circuitousstraying from the right course - used devious means to

31、attain his wicked ends.synonyms: crooked, erring devout: devoted to religious observances - devout in his regularity of attendance at worship. synonyms: pious, religiousantonym: impiousdilemma: a situation calling for a choice between two equally difficult alternatives; hence, a difficult or perplex

32、ing situation - faced with a dilemma defying solution.synonyms: predicament, quandary, plight discrete: separate - two discrete issues, totally unrelated.distraught: mentally distressed; distracted distraught by trials and tribulations.synonym: harasseddiverse: (verb: diversify; noun: divisibility):

33、 varied; different - two diverse characters; one candid, the other insincere.synonym: multifariousdivulge: to make public or reveal - refused to divulge his source of information.synonyms: disclose, impartdynamic: forceful possessed dynamic energy, tireless and powerful.synonym: energeticantonyms: s

34、tatic, inert, dormant, torpid, sluggish, quiescentedify: to instruct or uplift, particularly in morals or religion - a story that edifies the reader as well as entertains himejaculate: to exclaim or utter suddenly - ejaculated cry of horror.engender: to cause, produce, or stir up-an act that engende

35、red good will.erratic: irresponsible, eccentric; lacking a fixed purpose erratic behaviour, reflecting his queer ideas.exceptionable: objectionable - exceptionable behaviour, universally criticized.synonyms: questionable, reprehensible, censurableantonym: laudable exemplary (noun: exemplar): serving

36、 as a model; commendable - exemplary conduct approved by all. synonyms: illustrative, typical; praiseworthy, laudableexotic: strange and foreign an exotic costume imported from Asia.exploit (verb): to use for ones selfish purpose - refugees exploited by unscrupulous employers.(noun): a brilliant dee

37、d - landed for his exploits in science.synonym: featextinct: no longer existing or active - the extinct dinosaur is alive only in history.synonym: defunctantonym: extantfacade: front or face, especially of a building - a facade of marble.feasible: workable - a feasible plan proved practical by previ

38、ous experience.antonym: impracticablefetish.(1) something that is believed to have magical powers - savages worshiping, the fetish in a ceremonial dance. synonym: charm, talisman, amuletan object of unreasoning devotion and worship - photography, begun as a hobby, became a fetish.Hctitious: unreal;

39、made-up - used a fictitious name to avoid being recognized. synonym: fabricatedflaunt: display or wave boastfully - flaunted the excellent report before his delighted parents.fleeting: passing swiftly -the fleeting hours of happinesssynonyms: transitory, fugitivefluctuate: to waver from one course t

40、o another; to vary irregularly - his mood fluctuating with every hour. synonyms: oscillate, vacillate, undulate, swayfrustrate: to prevent (the attainment of an object); to defeat or render ineffectual - his scholastic progress was frustrated by a serious illness.synonyms: balk, thwart, foil, baffle

41、, obstruct, discomfitantonym: abetgarnish: to trim or decorate - dishes garnished attractively with greens.synonyms: adorn, deckgregarious: habitually fond of associating in a company or herd - gregarious sheep.antonyms: lone, aloofhail: to greet - the crowd hailed the returning hero. synonyms: acco

42、st, salutehoax (noun): a trick or deception; a practical joke - played a hoax upon the credulous public. synonym: canard(verb): to play a trick on; to deceive - he hoaxed the crowd completely with his disguise.hypothesis: an assumption made for the sake of argument - worked from a fantastic hypothes

43、is.synonym: suppositionidiosyncrasy: a. personal peculiarity - wearing white was one of whistlers idiosyncrasies.synonyms: eccentricity, foible, mannerism, crotchet, aberration, quirk, singularityimmaculate: spotless; pure an immaculate reputation.synonyms: undefiled, unsullied, unblemished, untarni

44、shedantonyms: defiled, sullied, blemishedimmune (verb: immunize): exempt from; protected from - immune from taxation.synonym : unsusceptibleimpeccable: faultless - performed with impeccable skill.synonyms: consummate, irreproachable, unerring, infallibleantonyms: culpable, fallibleimpervious: incapa

45、ble of being penetrated - a mind impervious to new ideas.synonyms: impermeable, impenetrableantonyms: permeable, pervasiveimplicit:(1) implied but not clearly expressed - an implicit agreement.(2) unquestioning implicit confidence.synonyms: tacit, impliedantonym: explicitimport (noun): meaning; sign

46、ificance or importance - a matter of great import.synonyms: purport, moment, consequenceincisive: cutting, penetrating - incisive criticism.synonyms: sarcastic, mordant, trenchant, acuteincrement: an increase - a salary increment.synonym: accrual indigenous: native - rice is indigenous to China.syno

47、nyms: innate, inborninference: a conclusion reached by reasoning from data or premises - an inference drawn from his remarks.synonyms: deduction, implicationingenious: demonstrating originality, skill, or resourcefulness - an ingenious device.synonyms: dextrous, inventive, adroitantonyms: maladroit,

48、 gaucheinhibit: to check or hinder - inhibited his friend from a foolhardy course.synonyms: restrain, curbantonym: promote instigate: to stir tip - instigated discontent among the soldiers. synonyms: foment, inciteintegrity: honesty, moral soundness - a man of proved integrity. synonyms: probity, uprightness, incorruptibility jargon: confused, unintelligible, meaningless talk; special vocabulary used only by memb