黄金卷05 (赢在高考 黄金8卷)备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）（解析版）.docx

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1、【赢在高考黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（北京专 用）（解析版）黄金卷05第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。What It Takes to Put Your Phone AwayAccording to the iPhones Screen Time, my typical daily phone activity includes 90 minutes of texting, one hour of e-mail, and yet a

2、nother hour of social media. And there are also about seventy “pickups，meaning that I my phone about four times per hour. I carry my phone around with me as if it were a（n） 2.I have tried all sorts of things to look at screens 3: I dont get push notifications（推送通知）.【use an app called Freedom to bloc

3、k social media fbr much of （he workday. But they dont seem to work.The Georgetown computer-science professor Cal Newport argues that we must establish a “philosophy of technology use/ lie recommends a month-long digital detox （脱，旗）,in which a person takes a（n） 4 from all optional technologies. When

4、its over, the digital minimalist （极简主义者）slowly reintroduces these technologies.Newport defines a digital minimalist as someone who drops “low-quality activities like mindless phone swiping and halfhearted binge-watching （刷剧）They are 5 high-value leisure activities such as board games, book clubs, an

5、d learning to “fix or build something every week.”At the beginning of March, I decided to try to follow Newports advice. I adjusted the home-computer settings to cut my social media 6 to 15 minutes. And I changed my Freedom settings to 1 Twitter and Instagram altogether. I left my phone in the apart

6、ment whenever I walked my dog.During the first few days of my internet decluttering （清理），I found myself compulsively （强迫性地）checking my unchanged in-box and already-read text gained discipline and I came to the realization that I do not need to be perfect at everything that I try fbr the first time.G

7、rowth can take many forms. In my case, it took the form of a humid ceiling and an overly tight polyester cap. Growth can only be achieved by defying personal limits and breaking free from comfort zones. This is not always a glamorous process, but it always brings you closer to a new and improved ver

8、sion of yourself!24. How did (he author feel about her life in her host family?A. She felt somehow uneasy to be taken good care of.B. She felt free and could do whatever she liked.C. She felt good about her high family status.D. She felt stressed like living in a box.25. What made the author join th

9、e schooPs swim team?A.Her experience in swimming.B.Her desire to challenge herself.C.Her spirit of perseverance.D.Her interest in water sports.26. The author thought that her achievement in swimming.A.made her outstandingB.made her see her limitsC.was not a big dealD.was her courage to compete27. Wh

10、at can wc conclude from this passage?A. Change is a brilliant opportunity to grow. B. Self-assurance is two-thirds of success.C. From failure (o success is a long road.D. We learn things by doing them.【答案】24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A(导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者作为交换生到美国交流时挑战自己的故事。 24.推理判断题。根据第二段的“My host mother w

11、ent above and beyond to take care of my needs, my teachers were very accommodating with regards to my schoolwork, and I could use my status as an exchange student as an excuse when I needed a favor or an exception.(我 的寄宿母亲竭尽全力地照顾我的需求，我的老师们对我的学业非常宽容，当我需要帮助 或例外时，我可以用我的交换生身份作为借口。户可知，作者对她在寄宿家庭的生活感 觉很自由，

12、可以做任何她喜欢的事情。故选B。25 .细节理解题。根据第二段的“I remembered that I came to the United States fbr a challenge and that I was determined to strengthen my capacities.（我记得我来美国是为了挑 酸，我决心加强我的能力。）”和第三段的To develop greater perseverance, I joined my host schooPs swim team, even though I had no prior experience in this spor

13、t.（为了培养更大的毅 力，我加入了寄宿学校的游泳队，尽管我之前没有这项运动的经验。户可知，促使作者 加入学校的游泳队的是她渴望挑战自己。故选B。26 .细节理解题。根据第四段的“One of my best achievements that year was competing in one of the biggest swim meets of the year.（那年我最大的成就之一是参加了当年最大的游 泳比赛之一。户可知，作者认为她在游泳方面的成就是她参加比赛的勇气，故选D。27 .推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Growth can only be achieved by defyi

14、ng personal limits and breaking free from comfort zones.（成长只能通过挑战个人极限和打破舒适区来实现。）” 可知，从这篇文章我们可以得出的结论是改变是成长的绝佳机会。故选A。CThe poet Lovelle Drachinan once said, “blessed are the curious, fbr they shall have adventures.which is certainly true of people with wanderlust.* Wanderlust is derived from a German w

15、ord meaning a love of hiking, and now used to describe the burning desire to escape the everyday and explore the unfamiliar. Wanderlust is a common, but not universal experience. What makes some people catch ihal travel bug while others are apparently unaffected?One theory is to do with our genes. S

16、cientific research has identified a variant of the DRD4 gene that affects sensitivity （o dopamine（多巴胺）,（he neuro-（ransmi（er often released in the brain when we do something we enjoy. Actually, its not that the 7R version of the DRD4 specifically creates a thirst for traveL but people with the 7R var

17、iant are less sensitive to that delicious dopamine hit.So simple things that bring other people pleasure, like a jog in the park or a cheeky chocolate treat, might not cut it fbr them, which makes those with the 7R type of the DRD4 gene more likely to be risk lakers to get increased dopamine levels.

18、 Thals why DRD4-7R has been called the wanderlust gene. Other researches have also linked the same 7R variant to far riskier behaviors, such as addiction and offensive behavior. By comparison, the strong sudden desire to go travelling seems like the better end of the Theory of Evolution.But another

19、theory looks at the psychology of living in our intcr-conncctcd human society, one in which wc arc constantly aware of what friends and social media influencers are doing and keep comparing ourselves to them in two distinct ways. Upwards social comparisons, comparing ourselves to those we see as mor

20、e successful than us. And downward social comparisons, comparing ourselves to those we see as worse off than us. In the age of social media, it,s very easy to compare ourselves unfavorably with the idealized version. How can we compete with influencers, with (heir perfectly dark brown legs on neat a

21、nd clean white sand, and iheir once in a lifetime sunsets over Machu Picchu?Whether the molivation to explore the world is genetic, psychological or something else, there are far more harmful hobbies than the desire to explore the world. Venturing outside your comfort zone, to learn about new cultur

22、es, meet people you might otherwise never have had the chance to meet, and finally, learn who you arc in different situations. Sounds like a life well-lived. As the novelist Jack Kerouac said, Because in the end, you wont remember the time you spent in the office or mowing your lawn. Climb that godd

23、amn mounlain.” 28. The underlined phrase “calch that travel bug“ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA. be crazy about travellingB. be curious about travellingC. escape daily life by travellingD. experience common travellingWhy are people with the 7R type of the DRD4 gene more likely to have wand

24、erlust?A. Because they arc more fascinated by risks and unfamiliar things.B. Because the 7R variant cause them to be less sensitive to dopamine hit.C. Because (hey have comparatively higher level of dopamine than other people.D. Because (he 7R variant, also called wanderlust gene, helps create a cra

25、ving for travelling. 30. The author will probably agree to the statement thata well-lived life doesnt involve venturing outside comfortable zoneA. the 7R variant is inevitably linked with some more risky behavior such as addictionpeople tend to forget their daily routine, but adventures really leave

26、 footprints in their heartsB. when people compare (hemselves with less successful ones, it may give rise to mixed feelings【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人们有“旅游癖”的原因。28.词句猜测题。根据第二段“Wanderlust is derived from a German word meaning 4a love of hiking and now used to describe the burning desire to

27、 escape the everyday and explore the unfamiliar. Wanderlust is a common, but not universal experience.（旅行癖”一词来源于- 个德语单词，意思是“热爱徒步旅行”，现在用来形容种渴望逃离日常生活、探索陌生 事物的强烈愿望。旅行癖是一种不算罕见，但也不是人人都有的体验）可知，一些人有 旅行癖，而另一些人却明显不受影响。所以划线词的意思是“痴迷于旅行”。故选A项。 29.细节理解题。根据第三段“Actually, its not that the 7R version of the DRD4 spe

28、cifically creates a thirst for travel, but people with the 7R variant are less sensitive to that delicious dopamine hit.（事实上，并不是7R版本的DRD4特别让人渴望旅行，而是7R变体的 人对美味的多巴胺冲击不那么敏感。）可知，为什么携带DRD4基因7R型的人更容易 有旅游癖是因为7R变体使它们对多巴胺的反应不那么敏感。故选B项。30.推理判断题。根据最后一段“As the novelist Jack Kerouac said, “Because in the end, yo

29、u wont remember the time you spent in the office or mowing your lawn. Climb that goddamn mounlain“（正如小说家杰克凯鲁亚克（Jack Kerouac）所说：“因为到最后，你不会记得 自己在办公室或修剪草坪上花了多少时间。爬上那座该死的山”）可知，人们往往会忘 记他们的日常生活，但冒险真的会在他们的心里留下脚印。故选C项。DIt is a general belief among academics that the humanities arc in crisis. According to Ha

30、rvard historian James Hankins, part of the problem is the dominance of “critical” reading over primary“ reading. Primary reading takes a text at face value and simply tries to understand what the author intended to say. Critical reading assumes an authors statements can never be taken at face value.

31、 Instead, they must be “seen through“ to expose the texts real meaning, which is determined in accord with this or that fashionable theory.Mr. Hankins says primary reading “must be rccovcrcd fbr higher education in the humanities to be effective. I would go further. Primary reading isnt important on

32、ly fbr the humanities, or even for education more generally. The restoration of primary reading could be a crucial weapon in fighting the “idle talk that troubles American society.Idle talk was philosopher Martin Heideggers term fbr inauthentic discourse（不可信的 言辞）.It involves adopting and circulating

33、 others opinions about something without ever personally engaging that thing for yourself. People engaged in idle talk speak in accord with expectations for their particular identity or role. They hold and express the opinions a person in their role is expected to hold.Idle talk can be harmless. Eac

34、h year my mother forms strong opinions about which films should win Academy Awards without seeing any of them, after reading articles by critics she favors. But idle talk can also be dangerous. Consider journalism. The norm nowadays is for one reporter to break a story, followed by dozens or hundred

35、s of journalists recycling that content. They may add a little spin of their own but rarely look into (he issue for (hemselves-even when this would require but a few clicks and a couple of minutes to read a legislative(法律的)text. Some journalists even just search social media for the story of the day

36、 and rewrite it in their own words.The Covid pandemic highlighted the problem, from exclusion of those daring to discuss the tradeoffs of lockdowns to the promotion of masks as a political identity marker completely disconnected from medical or scientific justification. Not to mention the misleading

37、 statement that arose over “ihe science and the social trend to “fbllow” il.Social media has contributed to ihe spread of idle talk. Authentic discourse requires lime, effort and good-faith engagement, but social media tends to encourage the opposite. As journalists comment on every topic, however s

38、mall or traditionally unnewsworthy, the all-knowing chorus of global gossip becomes a roaring crowd. Social media raises this voice, pushing it into user feeds 24/7. Wc hear about everything, and wc cant hear about anything without also being told what opinion wc should have about it. Opinions befor

39、e facts; know what to think about something before actually looking into it for yourself. And really, why even bother with that?Primary reading isnt only something the humanities need. Our entire culture needs its value to be recognized and restored.31. What do we know from the first two paragraphs?

40、A. Primary reading focuses on the deep meaning.B. Critical reading leads to the crisis in humanities.C. Critical reading is generally preferred nowadays.D. Primary reading once dominated higher education.32. What does the underlined word “spin in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Practice.B. Priority.C.

41、Investigation. D. Interpretation.33. What does the author think of idle talk?A. It broadens peoples understanding.B. It affects independent thinking ability.C. It shakes peoples trust in news report.D. It promotes the advance of social media.34. What message does the author convey?A. Readers should

42、stay away from idle talk.B. Readers should read original texts carefully.C. Readers should limit the impact of social media.D. Readers should take a balanced view on reading.【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者认为有必要恢复:初级阅读，不仅仅是因为人文学 科的需要，也是我们文化的需要。31 .细节理解题。根据第一段“According to Harvard histori

43、an James Hankins, part of the problem is the dominance of critical” reading over primary reading.（哈佛大学历史学家 James Hankins认为，部分问题在于“批判性”阅读压倒了“初级”阅读。）“可知，人们现在 偏向于选择批判性阅读。故选C。32 .词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词前一句“The norm nowadays is for one reporter to break a story, followed by dozens or hundreds of journalists recyc

44、ling that content.（如今的惯例是, 一个记者报道一个新闻，随后几十或数百名记者重复报道该内容。户可知，现在的记者 只会重复其他记者报道的内容，而不会自己去实地调查。而记者在自己写报道的时候， 会增加的只有自己的解读。所以spin为“解读”之意。选项A“Practice （练习广；选项 BTriority （优先权）；选项 CInvestigation （调查）；选项 DInterpretation （解读故选 Do.推理判断题。根据第五段The Covid pandemic highlighted the problem, from exclusion of those da

45、ring to discuss the tradeoffs of lockdowns to the promotion of masks as a political identity marker completely disconnected from medical or scientific justification. Not to mention the misleading statement that arose over “Ihe science and the social trend to “fbllow” il.（新冠肺炎大流行凸显了这一问题，从排斥那些敢于讨论封锁利弊

46、的人，到宣传将口罩 作为与医学或科学理由完全无关的政治身份标志。更不用说出现的关于“科学”的误导性 陈述和“追随”它的社会趋势。户可推断，作者认为记者的闲聊只会导致他们报道不科学 的言论，所以会动摇人们对它的信任。故选C。33 .推理判断题。根据第六段“Wc hear about everything, and wc cant hear about anything withoul also being told what opinion we should have about it.（我们听到 了所有的事情,而如 果没有人告诉我们应该对此有什么看法，我们就什么都听不到。）“可知，人们习惯先

47、看 到观点再去了解事实。而作者并不这样认为，作者认为“Primary reading isnt only something the humanities need. Our entire culture needs its value to be recognized and restored.（初级阅读不仅仅是人文学科需要的。我们的整个文化需要它的价值被承认和恢 复。户，由此可知，作者认为人们应该对阅读抱有一种平衡的观点。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。How

48、Sociologists Define CultureCulture is one of the most important concepts within sociology because sociologists recognize that it plays a crucial role in our social lives. It is important for shaping social relationships, maintaining and challenging social order, determining how wc make sense of （he

49、world and our place in il, and in shaping our everyday actions and experiences in society. 35In brief, sociologists define the non-material aspects of culture as the values and beliefs, language, communication and practices that are shared in common by a group of people. Expanding on these categories, culture is made up of our knowledge, common sense, assumptions and expectations. It