高一英语语法时态重要知识点总结与归纳.docx

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1、高一英语语法时态重要知识点总结与归纳高一英语时态语法知识点：现在进行时1 .表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。例句He is reading a newspaper now.2 .表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说 话时动作不一定正在进行）。例句What are you doing these days?3 .表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等，常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用。例句He is always thinking of others.4 .表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。常限于go, come, le

2、ave, start, arrive等表移动、”方向的词。例句He is coming to see me next week.高一英语时态语法知识点：过去进行时L表示过去某时正在进行的动作。例句He was sleeping when Mary came to see him.2.动词go, come, leave, arrive, start等的过去进行时常表 过去将来时。例句She said she was going to Beijing the day tertomorrow.高一英语时态语法知识点：一般现在时.表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常与usually, al

3、ways, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。例句He often does his homework in his study.1 .表示主语现在的特征、性格和状态。H列句The dictionary belongs to me.2 .表示客观规律或科学真理、格言，以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。例句The moon goes around the sun.3 .在有连词 if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中，用一

4、般现在时表 将来。例句If you work hard, you wonz t fail in the exam.高一英语时态语法知识点：一般过去时.表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。例句She went to the zoo yesterday.1 .在时间、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。H列句He said when she came he would tell her.高一英语时态语法知识点：一般将来时L表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间 状语连用。2 例句I don1 t know what will happen in the future.2.常用来表示将来时

5、的结构包括：(1) shall/ will +动词原形：(单纯)表将来，一般不用于条件句。(2) be going to +动词原形：(计划)打算做。(3) be about to +动词原形：即将或正要去做某事，通常不与 时间状语连用，但可与when引导的从句连用。(4) be to +动词原形：预定要做。(5) be doing表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常与go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive, return, come, move 等表 位移的动词连用。高一英语时态语法知识点：现在完成时1 .表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影

6、响或 结果。例句 Have you had your supper yet? Yes, I have just had it.2 .常与介词for, during, in, within, over等引导的时间状语 连用，表示过去的某一行为一直延续到现在。例句I haven, t seen my English teacher for a long time.3 .表示反复或习惯性的动作，常与several times, once, twice, frequently等频度副词连用。例句I have been to the USA several times.4 .表示从过去到现在没有发生过的

7、动作。例句I haven1 t swept the floor for a week.5 .用在时间、条件状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作完 成。例句I II tell him after you have left.6 .在最高级+名词或在这是第几次之后跟定语从句， 从句用现在完成时。例句 This is the third time I have been there.This is the best tea I have ever drunk.高一英语时态语法知识点：过去完成时L表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时 刻、或是在此刻前已经完成的动作。例句By the end

8、 of last term, we had learned 1,000 English words.2.有些动词(如:hope, think, expect, mean, intend, suppose, want等)的过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的希望、打 算或意图。例句I had hoped to see more of Beijing.动词时态应注意的几点L瞬间性动词的一般现在时和现在进行时常用来表示将来的 动作。例句：The film begins in a minute.My uncle is leaving tomorrow morning.2 .在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用

9、一般现在时代替一般 将来时。例句：Every time I listen to that song, I II think of my old friend.If you do that, I shall be very pleased.They II stand by you even if you don t succeed.3 .一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时和现在完成 时都表示过去所发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在 的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等，所以它不能和表示过去 的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的 关系,因而它可以和表示过去的时间状

10、语连用。如：Have you finished your work?Yes, I have.When did you finish it?I finished it last summer.直接引语与间接引语转换时应注意的几个问题.人称的变化1 .时态的变化.时间状语的变化2 .地点状语的变化例句：Xiao Yi said, I want to go to the park this afternoon/Xiao Yi said (that) he wanted to go to the park that afternoon.Bob said, We II have a meeting he

11、re tomorrow morning/, Bob said (that) they would have a meeting there the next morning.定语从句中关系代词使用that的几种情况只能用that的情况1 .先行词是不定代词。例句:Please tell me everything that happened to you.2 .先行词被形容词最高级、序数词或only, last, same, very 等修饰。例句：This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.This is the only

12、 book that I read during the summer holiday.3 .先行词既包括人又包括物。例句：She talked about the writer and his works that interested her.不能用that的情况.非限制性定语从句中。例句：He said he could speak three foreign languages, which is not true.1 .先行词本身是that例句:I have that which you gave me.2 .“介词+关系代词结构。例句：The person to whom I ta

13、lked just now is Tom.现在完成进行时与现在完成时进行的比较L强调动作还未结束时，多用现在完成进行时;强调动作的结 果时，多用现在完成时。例句：I have been painting the paining.（强调一直在画这 个动作）I have painted the painting.（强调画完了”这个结果）2.有些动词不能用在现在完成进行时中，但可用在现在完成 时中。如：have, love, see等。例句:She has had a cold for a week.They have loved each other for three years.I have

14、seen this movie.-ing形式:1. having donehaving done是非谓语动词中-ing形式的完成式，而doing 则是其一般式，它们都与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，只是doing与句中谓语动词同时发生或基本上同时发生;having done则表示动作或状态发生在句中谓语动词之前。例句Hearing the news, they got excited, （hear 和 get excited这两个动作几乎同时发生）Having arrived at the top of mountain, they took a rest, （arrive 发生在 take

15、a rest 之前）2 .动词后接动词的-ing形式和不定式有些动词后既可接动词 的-ing形式也可接to do形式作宾语，但意义有所不同。例如 forget / remember / regret doing sth.表示动作已经 发生；forget / remember / regret to do sth.则表示该动作未发 生。mean to do sth.表示“打算做某事”；mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事。try to do sth.表示设法尽力做某事；try doing sth.表示“试着做某事。stop to do sth.表示停下来接着做另一件事；stop do

16、ing sth.表示“停止做某事”。go on to do sth.表示（做完某事）接着做另一件事；go on doing sth.表示“继续做同一件事（= go on with sth.）ocanz t help t。do sth.表示“不能帮助做某事”；can t help doing sth.表示“情不自禁地做某事。3 . have/has been doinghave / has been doing是现在完成进行时的构成，强调动 作的延续过程，动作可能还在进行。而have / has done是现在 完成时的构成，强调动作的结果，该动作通常已经结束。例句I have written a book.（动作结束）I have been writing a book.（可能未写完，侧重最近 直忙于写书）