人教版英语八年级下册非谓语动词--不定式专项讲解.docx

《人教版英语八年级下册非谓语动词--不定式专项讲解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版英语八年级下册非谓语动词--不定式专项讲解.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、第三节非谓语动词不定式课前热身=J=:=S=用非谓语动词完成下列各句：【LI want（看）a film,（而不是看）TV.2. Did you see her（下 了还是上了）the bus?3. Im thirsty. Id like something（喝）.4. Its very important（学）a foreign language well.5. The old man found it difficult（入睡）.6. The runner fell, but he quickly got up and went on（跑）.7. Remember（关）the lights

2、 when you leave the classroom.8. Stop（谈话）,please. Its time（上课）.9. It took me two hours（完成）my homework last night.10.1 spent two hours（做）my homework last night.考速、解读Part 1:基础层次的知识梳理：一.后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况I .动词：agree to do同意去做；afford to do买得起；decide to do决定去做某事; hope to do希望去做；wish to do希望去做；fail to do做某事失

3、败去； plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做；refuse to do拒绝去做； would like to do想要去做；want to do想要去做某事；Icam to do学做； prefer to do sth.喜欢（爱）做某事；sb. seem to do sth好像做某事;want/would like to do sth.想做 ；used to do sth.过去常做某事2.句型.A. listeningB. listenC. listensD. to listenThere are so many kinds of radios in the sho

4、p. I cant decideA.to buy what B. to buy which C. what to buy D. which to buy 19. -Do you often hear John in his room?-Listen! Now we can hear him in his room.A.sing; to singB. singing; singing C. sing; singing D. to sing; singingusually forget the door, but I remembered it when I left yesterday.A. c

5、losing; closingB. to close; to closeC. closing; to closeD. to close; closingOn June 1, boys and girls are busy.A. to celebrate Childrens DayB. to celebrate Childrens DayC. celebrating Childrens DayD. celebrating Childrens, Day课后作业：(本部分主要是提供充足的题库)【基础练习】()1. Pm thirsty. Will you get me something?A. dr

6、ink B. to drink C. eat D. eating()2. It was great fun a picnic on the hili.A. to have B. of having C. have D. had()3. Its bad fbr your eyes computer games fbr a long time.A. plays B. to play C. play D. played()4. 一Do you often hear John in his room?-Yes. Listen! Now we can hear him in his room.A. si

7、ng; to sing B. singing; singing C. sing; singing D. to sing; singing ()5. Why not?A. let him to go home B. to let him go homeC. let him go home D. to let him to go home()6. They were made fourteen hours a day.A. work B. working C. worked D. to work()7. Is it always easier friends than to keep them?A

8、. making B. make C. to make D. made )8. It Jack twenty minutes the math problem yesterday.A. took; to work out B. takes; worked outC. has taken; work out D. is taking; working out)9. When you leave, dont fbrget off the light.A. to turn B. turning C. turn D. turned )10. Who do you think youd like?A.

9、to make friends B. make friendsC. to make friends with D. make friends with【综合练习】A.going to a camping tripC.going on a camping tripB.going a camp (ripD.go on a camping tripI. My brother really enjoysduring holidays.2.1 saw my teacher a letter this time yesterday.A.writesB.to writeC.is writingD.writi

10、ng3. How long did it take you your homework last night?A.finishB.finishing4. They arc very tire d. Let them a rest.C.to finish D.finishedA.stop havingB.to stop having5. The hall is to hold so many people.C.stop to haveD.to stop to haveA.enough bigB.too big6. He hasnt decided .C.big enoughD.big looA.

11、go with whomB.to go with whom7.1 really dont know a computer.C.whom to go with D.whom go withA.to useB.what to use8. This problem is too difficult for us .C.how usingD.how to useA.to work it outB.to work out it9. Its a pleasure you.C.to work outD.work outA.to talk with B.talk with C.lo talking withD

12、.talking with10. He has an important meeting .A.to take part inB.to enter for11. Our monitor asked me.C.to joinD.to attend12. My hope around the world.A.is to travelingB.is to travelC.to travelD.travel13. My teacher told me be late again.A.didntB.dontC.to notD.not to14.1 am very sorry I forgot the l

13、etter for you.A.to postB.postingC.to postingD.post15. We havent decided which hotel .A.to stayB.we would stayC.to stay atD.was to stay at16. My aunt in the country. Now she _in the city.A.used to live;is used to the lifeB.used to living;is used to liveC.used to live; is used to liveD.was used to Iiv

14、e;used to live17. So much work usually makes them very tired.A.feelsB.feelingC.to feelD.feel18. Youd better football in the street. Its too dangerous.A.not to playB.not playC.play notD.to not play19. I heard Joan in the next room.A.singingB.to singC.is singingD.to singing2O.The bus was so crowded th

15、at I couldnt find a chair .A.to sitB.which can sitC.to sit onD.for sitting21. There will not be enough room the earth.A.stand onB.to sit onC.to stand in onD.living on22. Dont waste time computer games. Youd better spend more time on your study.A.playB.playingC.to playD.to be played23. Dont worry abo

16、ut me. I will soon get used _ in England.A.to liveB.livingC.to (he lifeD.to be living24. Our classroom must be madeall (he time.A.cleansB .cleanC.lo clean0.cleaning25. Yesterday I was busy the housework.A.to doB.doing withC.doingD.with doing26. One day he saw her in bed, .A.lay; deadB.lying;dicdC.la

17、in; deathD.lying;dcad27. We launched Shenzhou V successfully, so China is the third country its astronauts intoA.to enter for what events C.what events to enter froB.what events to enterD.what to enter forspace.A.sendB.sendsC.sendingD.to send28. Mary is looking forward lo from me, please remember th

18、is letter on your way to school.A.hear; postB.hearing; to post C.be heard;posting D.hearing;posting29.1 will have my watch because it doesnt work.A.repairB.to repair30. Please pass me the knife A.to cut the cake withC.cutting the cake withC. repairingD.repairedB.to cut the cakeD.to cutting the cake

19、with非谓语动词易错题型练习【1 (1)1 regret you that your mother is absent in Beijing.(2)1 dont regret her what I thought even if it might have upset her.A. to tell B. to telling C. having told D. tell. (DWe dont allow in the reading room.2 2) We dont allow them in the reading room.A. to smoke B. smoking C. smoke

20、 D. smoked.(1)hard and youll make rapid progress in your English learning.(2)hard, youll make rapid progress in your English learning.A. WorkingB. To workC. WorkD. Worked.(1)I can,t help when I hear that terrible noise.A. laughingB. laughedC. laughD. being laughed(2)1 cant help the room, fbr I am ve

21、ry busy now.A. clean B. cleaning C. have clean D. cleaned.(l)He often see them football on the playground.(2)The missing boys were last seen near the river.A. playing B. played C. play D. to play.(DThe sport meet next week is of great importance.(2)The sports meet now is very important(3)The sports

22、meet last week is of great importance.A. holding B. being held C. to be held D. held.(1 )He raised his voice in order to make ushim.(2)He raised his voice in order to make himself.A. heard B. hearing C. hear D. to be heard.(DMost of us went to see her,some girls.(2)Most of us went to sec her, some g

23、irls.A. include B. including C. included D. to include.(DHe had no choice but at the bus-stop in the rain.(2)He had nothing to do but at the bus-stop in the rain.A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. should wait.非谓语动词答案课前热身1, to see, not to watch 2, going on of getting off, 3, to drink, 4, to learn 5, to

24、 fall asleep, 6, running 7, to turn off 8, talking,for class 9, to finish 10,doing典型例题1, to learnswimming2, to stayto plant3, waiting跟踪练习1-7DB ADAB A提高题1-5 DADCA 6-10B ABCC 11-15 ABCCA 16-20 ABCAD综合型1-5 DCBAB6-10CCDCD11-I5CBBAC16-21DDDCCC课后作业1-5BCBCC6-10DCABD综合练习1-5CDCCC6-10 CDCAD11-I5CBDBA16-20ADBA

25、C21-25DBDBC26-30DDBDB非谓语动词易错题练习AC1, ABCA2, AACA3, DADCD4, BCABallow sb. to do sth.允许某人去做某事asked sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)tell sb. (not) to do sth.叫某人去(不要)做某事follow sb. to do sth.跟随某人去做某事get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)be amazed to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶be afraid

26、 to do sth.害怕做某事be excited to do sth.对做感到兴奋be frightened to do sth.害怕去做某事be glad/happy to do sth.高兴去做某事be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事be sorry to do sth.对做某事感到抱歉be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到惊奇cant wait to do sth.迫不急待地去做某事get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会irs + a4j.+(fbrsb.)todosth.做某事(对某人来说)怎么样Its

27、+adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.It lakes sb. some (ime/money (o do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事(常考)Its best fbr sb. to do sth,对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time fbr sb. to do sth.是某人做某事的时候了too.(fbr sb.) to 太以致不能=not. enough to doprefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿而不愿(常考)something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些 sth.

28、 is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易take turns (o do sth.轮流做There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth.对(某人来说)没时间做某事了There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth.尽力去做某事二.后跟不带to的不定式（动词原形）的情况1 .在感官动词和使役动词后fccl hear, listen to, watch, look at, scc notice , make, let, have 等后

29、跟动词不 定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to。注意：将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号 I。应加上。在动词help后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，既可带to,也可不带to。2 .助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must 等后面接不带 to 的动词不定式。3 .某些固定句型中1） Will （Would） you please （not）?请（不要）做某事好吗?2） had better最好做某事3） ） Why nol.?为何不做某事 / why dont you.?4） would raihe

30、r（nol）.宁可（不）；宁愿（不）此句型也可以扩展成：would rather.than.=would.rather than.o5）在祈使语气（或口语）中。5） 既可跟动词原形又可跟动词ing形式的情况。scc,watch,hcai等动词，后面既可跟原形又可跟动名词形式，跟原形时表示做过或经常做， 跟动名词时表示正在做。see/watch sb. do sth.看到某人做过（经常做）某事see/watch sb. doing slh.看到某人正在做某事hear sb. do slh.听到某人做过（经常做）某事hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事考点解读Part 2:拔高

31、层次：一.非谓语动词：非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词 形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。二.初中英语非谓语动词的句型及固定配搭归纳如下：动词不定式1 .主语+decide(hope, agree, choose, fail, wish, learn 等)+to do sth.例如:I hope to go to school next week.She agree to get someone to help her.2 .主语+ask(tell, get, wish, like, want, teach, know 等)+宾语+

32、to do sth.例如:He asked me to conic here early.She told us not to worry about her.3 .主语+be +happy(glad. pleased, angry, sorry, careful, ready, nice, lucky,等)+to do sth. 例如：Im glad to see you again.Im sorry to hear that.4 .主语+think(make, fine, feel 等)+il + 形容词(名词)+todosth.例如:I found it very important t

33、o learn English well.I think it possible to finish the work this week.5.loo+形容词(副词)+ (for sb.) +to do sth.+形容词(副词)enough +to do sth.例如：The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is not old enough to go to school.=The boy is so young that he cant go to school.6.1ls+careful(clever, kind, good, righ

34、t, wrong 等)+of sb. +to do sth.Its +difncuk(easy, hard, important, interesting 等)+for sb. +(o do slh.例如：Its kind of you to help me.Its hard for you to learn English well.不定式与形容词的搭配：1 It is +adj. +of sb +to do sth.2 It is +adj. +for sb+ to do sth.3 Sb +bc +adj. +to do sth.7. It takes sb. some time +to

35、 do sth.这个结构中，It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。例如:It took me about three hours to finish my homework yesterday.注意:表示花费”的类似句型还有，Sb. spends some time (money) on sth. or (in)doing sth.(某人做什么用了多少时间/某人买什么花了多少钱)；Sth.costs sb.some money.(买什么花 了某人多少钱)：Sb.pays some money for sth.(某人买什么花了多少钱)如：I spent an hours on(in

36、doing) my homework. The pen cost me two yuan. I paid two yuan for the pen.8 .疑问词+to do sth.例如:I dont know when to hold the party.How to do it is still a question.9 .Why+(not)do sthWould (Will)you please (not)do sth.和 had better (not) do sth.例如:Whynot go there by bike?Would you please take me to the

37、park this Sunday?Youd better not go there by yourself.10 .在“1et, make, have等使役动词+宾语。当使役动词为被动时就要还原lo.在see, hear, feel等感官动词+宾语后，为被动时都得还原to如果except、but之前有动词do的某种形式，通常不带to否则就带t。e.g They did nothing except work.11 .主语+fecl(listcn to/hcar, Ict/niakc/havc, see/watch/noticc/look at/hclp)+宾语+do sth.例如：He mad

38、e us work for a long time yesterday.Who had you be so careless?注意：hear, see等感觉动词常接doing sth.表示动作发生过程或强调和谓语动作同时发生。如： He saw Toni sitting on some eggs when he went into the room.I heard her singing a song when I passed her room.12 .不定式与名词的搭配：用主动还是被动意义没有很大差别要视情况而定在如 attempt, chance, effort, freedom, in

39、tention, necessity, opportunity, reason, time, way 等 词后用“名词+不定式”与“名词+介词+ing分词”无太大区别。在如 ability, agreement, ambition, anxiety, curiosity, disposition(意向)，mind, obligation(职责), permission, refusal, reluctance(厌恶)，temptation, tendency(倾向)，wish 等词后通常用不定式。典例精析【简单题型】【】Is it necessary(learn) a foreign lang

40、uage?【解析】本题考查的是动词不定式做形式主语。句型It is + adj + to do sth.的结构He is good at(swim).【解析】本题考查的是动名词做宾语。介词后面接动词的-ing形式。2. Do you have anything(say) for yourself?【解析】本题考查的是动词不定式做定语。3. Its spring now. it?s time(plant) trees.【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配。固定句型是It，s timet。do sth.4. Dont keep me(wait) fbr a long time.【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配

41、。考查的keep + sb + doing.【中等题型】【(2012 深外直升)一Professor Anderson, how do you go to work, taking a bus or hiding a bike?一Well, rather (han on a crowded bus, I always prefer a bicycle.A. ride; ride B. riding; riding C. ride; (o ride D. (o ride; riding【解析】答案C.本题考查的是固定搭配。prefer to do rather than do的固定搭配。1. (

42、2012 深外直升)The teacher wanted to have the ciassroom after the party, so he students vacuum it.A. clean; has B. cleaned; had C. clean; made D. cleaned; asked【解析】答案B.本题考查的是使役动词have的固定搭配。have sb do sth和have sth done的 用法。【难度题型】【】1.(1)from the tower, Dalian looks more beautiful.(2)from the tower, we can s

43、ee our beautiful city .A. SeeingB. SeenC. To seeD.Having seen【解析】答案B/C.本题考查的是现在分词与过去分词作状语的用法。第一小题表被动，第 二小题表主动且同时进行。跟踪练习提高型【】1.1 have a lot of things this weekend.A. do B. didC. doingD. to do2. Youd better upstairs and tell the children make so much noise.A. go; not toB. go; dontC. to go; not toD. to

44、 go; dont3. Lily likes the clothes of light colour.A. to put onB. puttingC. to dressD. wearing4. Its too late. Why now?A. not to goB. not goingC. not goD. dont go5. Please dont fbrget to me, will you?A. to writeB. writingC. write6. When Im tired, I enjoy music.A. listeningB. listening toC. to hearD.

45、 hearing the7. Linda was very sorry for being late.-But the teachers smile made her better.A. feelB. to feelC. fallD. to fall8.1 heard Mother with Father in the next room at ten last night.A. talkB. talkingC. to talkD. is talking9. The Great Green Wall will slop the wind from the earth away.A. blowB

46、. to blowC. blowingD. blew10. -Did the teacher tell you this afternoon?-Yes. Well go to visit the Science Museum.A. to go whereB. how to do C. wha( lo do D. to do whatWe are not sure.A. when to leaveB. when leaveC. when leavesMeimei went Kate with her Chinese.A. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helping.is

47、bad for our health.A. Doing eye exercises B. Go to bed early C. Eating too much D. Taking a walkWu Dong is good at English.A. speakB. speaks C. speakingD. spokeThe old woman was tired go any farther.A. too; toB. go; asC. very; toWould you please drop your shoes on the floor at night?A. not toB. notC.