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1、 数数 词词 基数词表示数目的大小,序数词表示先基数词表示数目的大小,序数词表示先后顺序。涉及数词的考题不多,但在后顺序。涉及数词的考题不多,但在2017年年全国卷全国卷的短文改错中却考了两道题。的短文改错中却考了两道题。顾真 题 回短文改错短文改错 1.(2017全国全国卷卷)I still remember how hard first day was.the或或my 2.(2017全国全国卷卷)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday,I took driving lessons.eighteenth 析考 情 分考点是序数
2、词前用考点是序数词前用the,十八岁生日是指出生后,十八岁生日是指出生后的第十八个生日,应当改用序数词。由基数词的第十八个生日,应当改用序数词。由基数词改为序数词这道题之所以成为全省全卷最难题,改为序数词这道题之所以成为全省全卷最难题,其原因是练得太少了,凡是考纲内容,我们必其原因是练得太少了,凡是考纲内容,我们必须全面系统地复习好。须全面系统地复习好。纳考 点 归熟读并牢记以下表格。熟读并牢记以下表格。基数词基数词序数词序数词onefirsttwosecondthreethirdfivefifthsixsixthsevenseventheighteighth基数词基数词序数词序数词ninen
3、inthtententheleveneleventhtwelvetwelfththirteenthirteenthfourteenfourteenthfifteenfifteenthsixteensixteenth基数词基数词序数词序数词seventeenseventeentheighteeneighteenthnineteennineteenthtwentytwentiethtwenty-onetwenty-firsttwenty-twotwenty-secondtwenty-threetwenty-thirdthirtythirtieth基数词基数词序数词序数词fortyfortiethf
4、iftyfiftiethsixtysixtiethseventyseventietheightyeightiethninetyninetiethone hundredone hundredthone hundred(and)oneone hundred and first基数词基数词序数词序数词one hundred(and)two one hundred and secondthree hundredthree hundredthone thousandthousandththree thousandthree thousandthten thousandten thousandthone
5、millionmillionthone billionbillionth变化规律:变化规律:序数词一般由基数词加序数词一般由基数词加-th变化变化而来,特殊变化如下:而来,特殊变化如下:1.one first;two second;three third;five fifth;eight eighth;nine ninth;twelve twelfth。2.以以-ty结尾的适十的基数词,改结尾的适十的基数词,改y为为i,再加,再加-eth。如:。如:twenty twentieth;thirty thirtieth;forty fortieth;ninety ninetieth等。等。3.以以
6、one,two,three,nine结尾的多位数的序结尾的多位数的序数词,只需将结尾的这个词改为序数词即可。数词,只需将结尾的这个词改为序数词即可。如:如:thirty-two thirty-second;three hundred and sixty five three hundred and sixty fifth等。等。点相 关 考序数词前一般要加序数词前一般要加the。如:。如:考点考点1 He was the eighth to break the record.他他是打破该纪录的第八人。是打破该纪录的第八人。注:注:在比赛中获得名次,如:在比赛中获得名次,如:first priz
7、e/place,come first等表达中,常省略等表达中,常省略the。如:。如:Mike won first prize in the speech contest.迈迈克在演讲比赛中得了一等奖。克在演讲比赛中得了一等奖。He took second place in the long jump.他在跳他在跳远比赛中得了第二名。远比赛中得了第二名。序数词前可用序数词前可用ones,这时不用,这时不用the。如:。如:on my sixteenth birthday在我在我16岁生日那天岁生日那天The rich man has bought two cars.But he wants t
8、o buy a third one this week.这个有这个有钱人已有两辆汽车了,他想本周再买一辆。钱人已有两辆汽车了,他想本周再买一辆。序数词不表顺序,而是表示原基础上序数词不表顺序,而是表示原基础上增加,相当于增加,相当于“再一,又一再一,又一”时用时用a/an,不不用用the。如:。如:考点考点2 表示编号。如:表示编号。如:a week or two=one or two weeks一两周一两周the Twelfth Lesson=Lesson Twelve第十二课第十二课考点考点3“一两天一两天/周周/月月/年年”的表达法。如:的表达法。如:考点考点4“一个半一个半”的两种说法
9、:的两种说法:one/an hour and a half=one and a half hours一个半小时一个半小时考点考点5 分数表达法。分子用基数词,分母分数表达法。分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母要用复数。用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母要用复数。如:如:1/5读作读作one fifth;3/5读作读作three fifths;1/4可可读作读作a quarter。注意:注意:表示几分之几或百分之几的人或物时,表示几分之几或百分之几的人或物时,要加要加of。如:。如:About three-fifths of the students in our class are
10、boys.我们班大约五分之三的学生是男生。我们班大约五分之三的学生是男生。an eight-year-old boy 一个八岁的男孩一个八岁的男孩a five-minute walk 步行步行5分钟的路程分钟的路程比较:比较:a five minutes walk步行步行5分钟的路程分钟的路程 考点考点6 “数词数词+-+名词名词”作定语,带连字符的作定语,带连字符的名词用单数。如:名词用单数。如:in the 1990s 或或 in the 1990s在在20世纪世纪90年代年代注:注:前加前加the,后加,后加s,但,但“”可有可可有可无。无。考点考点7 年代表示法。如:年代表示法。如:考
11、点考点9 倍数表达法。倍数表达法。(adj/adv 课件)课件)考点考点8“几十多岁几十多岁”表达法。如:表达法。如:in+ones+整十的基数词复数整十的基数词复数in her thirties在她三十多岁时在她三十多岁时考点考点10 序数词或受序数词修饰的名词序数词或受序数词修饰的名词后,通常用不定式作定语。如:后,通常用不定式作定语。如:Those recently employed will be the first to be dismissed.那些最近被雇佣的人将会那些最近被雇佣的人将会先被解雇。先被解雇。Shanghai is the first largest city in
12、 China.上海是中国的第一大城市。上海是中国的第一大城市。考点考点11 表示表示“第几长第几长/宽宽/高高/”与最与最高级连用。如:高级连用。如:This is the second time I have been let down by that person;I shall never trust him again.这是那个人第二次使我失望了,我再也不相这是那个人第二次使我失望了,我再也不相信他了。信他了。It was the first time he had been out with her alone.这是他第一次单独和她出去。这是他第一次单独和她出去。考点考点12 表达表
13、达“某人第几次做某事某人第几次做某事”句型。句型。注意时态。如:注意时态。如:练模 拟 操一、单句填空一、单句填空 1.(2018福建福州福建福州)However,in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one _(three)of the total area,providing housing for half of the population.指三分之一,故用序数词。指三分之一,故用序数词。third2.(2018山西孝义山西孝义)What they learnt helped them ma
14、ke _ first airplane flight in 1903.序数词表顺序时,其前要加定冠词序数词表顺序时,其前要加定冠词the。3.He is the _(five)person to ask me the same question.指第五个问同一问题的人。指第五个问同一问题的人。thefifth4.I have read the tenth chapter but not the _(twelve).指第十二章。指第十二章。5.It was the third time one of his cars _(go)up in flames.由该句型中的由该句型中的It was可知,
15、用过去完成时。可知,用过去完成时。twelfthhad gone6.Osaka is the _(two)largest city in Japan.表示表示“第二大第二大”要用序数词。要用序数词。7.Yuri Gagarin became the first man _(fly)in space.在序数词后或受序数词修饰的名词之在序数词后或受序数词修饰的名词之后,通常用不定式作定语。后,通常用不定式作定语。secondto fly二、单句改错二、单句改错 1.He died within a few days of his ninety birthday.2.The station is a ten-minutes walk from my house.ninetieth ten-minute 3.Three fifth of the students are women.fifths 4.At the first,he seemed surprised by my questions.5.I just want to give these kids the second chance.6.Billy is fourteen years old and in ninth grade.atheThank you!
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