英语四级考试翻译攻略二.pptx

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1、会计学1英语四级考试翻译攻略二英语四级考试翻译攻略二1.否定句否定句 n n部分否定句部分否定句虽然是否定句的形式，但部分否定句虽然是否定句的形式，但其否定意义只局限于整体的一部分。其形其否定意义只局限于整体的一部分。其形式为：式为：概括词概括词all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirelyalways,altogether,entirely和和whollywholly等。等。例：例：There is

2、a famous proverb saying There is a famous proverb saying that_(that_(闪光的东西闪光的东西并非都是金子）并非都是金子）答案：答案：all all that glittersthat glitters is not gold is not gold(本题主要考察部分否定句。该谚语中，本题主要考察部分否定句。该谚语中，that glittersthat glitters是一个定语从句，修饰前面的是一个定语从句，修饰前面的all)all)第1页/共21页完全否定句完全否定句完全否定句是针对部分否定句而言，这种否定是完全否定句是针对部

3、分否定句而言，这种否定是彻底彻底的。其形式为：的。其形式为：no,noneno,none等否定词等否定词+肯定肯定式谓语式谓语，常见的可以用于这一句型的否定意义的词有：，常见的可以用于这一句型的否定意义的词有：no,none,nobody,nowhere,anyhow,neither,neverno,none,nobody,nowhere,anyhow,neither,never等，在这一句型中，不定代词不能做主语。等，在这一句型中，不定代词不能做主语。还有一种形式为还有一种形式为allall等概括词等概括词+肯定式谓语肯定式谓语+含否定意义的词含否定意义的词。例：例：Cheap as it

4、is,but_(Cheap as it is,but_(我今天无论如何都买不到我今天无论如何都买不到)答案：答案：anyhow I will not buy it todayanyhow I will not buy it today(本题主要考察完全否定句，本题主要考察完全否定句，anyhowanyhow意思是意思是“无论如何都不无论如何都不”)第2页/共21页 1.Don 1.Dont you be told that _(t you be told that _(这两本书并非都是有益的这两本书并非都是有益的)2._(2._(他的一切计划都泡汤了他的一切计划都泡汤了),so don),so

5、 dont count on his fulfilling the t count on his fulfilling the task on time.task on time.3.He is so excited_(3.He is so excited_(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的的)答案：答案：1.both of the books are not helpful1.both of the books are not helpful2.All his plan came to nothing2.All his plan came to noth

6、ing3.that none of the words can describe his feelings3.that none of the words can describe his feelings第3页/共21页双重否定句双重否定句 其形式一为：主语其形式一为：主语+cannot+help/refrain/keep+cannot+help/refrain/keep+fromfrom+动名词。动名词。Help from,refrain from,keep fromHelp from,refrain from,keep from等词具有等词具有“抑制，忍住抑制，忍住”等等否定含义，与否定

7、含义，与cannotcannot等连用，具有双重否定的意义。等连用，具有双重否定的意义。例：例：Having won the gold medal,_(Having won the gold medal,_(他禁不他禁不住喜形于色住喜形于色)。答案：答案：he could not refrain from showing his pleasurehe could not refrain from showing his pleasure.(本题考察双重否定句，本题考察双重否定句，refrain fromrefrain from的意思是的意思是“克制，避免克制，避免”)其形式二为：主语其形式二为

8、：主语+cannot+but/choose but/help but+cannot+but/choose but/help but+动词原形。动词原形。例：例：_(_(我们别无选择只好另投旅馆我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿住宿)，since all the hotels here are with signs since all the hotels here are with signs“Be Booked UpBe Booked Up”.答案：答案：We could not help but look for another one to stay in.We could not help

9、but look for another one to stay in.(本题考察双重否定句，本题考察双重否定句，“cannot help butcannot help but”句型，注意这里句型，注意这里butbut后要用动词原形。后要用动词原形。)第4页/共21页例：例：He is so devoted to his experiment He is so devoted to his experiment that_(that_(没有人感觉不到他没有人感觉不到他对事业的热爱对事业的热爱)。答案：答案：not a man/no man but felt his love to his no

10、t a man/no man but felt his love to his careercareer(本题考察双重否定句型，本题考察双重否定句型，“no+no+主语主语+but+but+谓语谓语”，nono相当于相当于not a not a 或或 not any)not any)1._(1._(我们忍不住笑起来我们忍不住笑起来)when he)when he finished the story.finished the story.2._(2._(人们不能不被他的事人们不能不被他的事迹所感动迹所感动)after knowing the bachelor has adopted five)

11、after knowing the bachelor has adopted five orphans.orphans.3.Don3.Dont always stick to routines,and you must t always stick to routines,and you must know_(know_(没有无例外的规则没有无例外的规则)。答案：答案：1.We could not help laughing1.We could not help laughing2.One cannot but 2.One cannot but be movedbe moved by his

12、deeds by his deeds3.there is no rule but has its exceptions3.there is no rule but has its exceptions第5页/共21页2.2.判断句判断句判断句判断句n n强调判断句强调判断句 形式一：主语形式一：主语+be+no/none+other than/but+be+no/none+other than/but+表语（强调内容）表语（强调内容）例例:Plants which refine crude ores:Plants which refine crude ores areare_(_(通常不是设在

13、开采矿石的通常不是设在开采矿石的国家，而是设在其他国家国家，而是设在其他国家)。答案：答案：often located in other countries often located in other countries other thanother than those in which the crude ores are minded.those in which the crude ores are minded.(本题考察强调判断句型本题考察强调判断句型“主语主语+be other than+be other than”同同时也考察了代词时也考察了代词those those 指代

14、前面出现过的复数名词的指代前面出现过的复数名词的用法，用法，those those 后接了一个定语从句后接了一个定语从句)n n 形式二：主语形式二：主语+be+nothing+(else)but/else+be+nothing+(else)but/else than/less than+than/less than+表语表语例：例：The rich The rich havehave their annoyances because their annoyances because _(_(有些人除了钱之外一无所有有些人除了钱之外一无所有)。答案：答案：someone has nothing

15、 but moneysomeone has nothing but money（本题考察强调判断句型（本题考察强调判断句型“主语+be+nothing+(else)but but”,the rich,the rich 意思是意思是“富人富人”，属于，属于“the+the+形容词形容词”表示一类人表示一类人或物，表示一类人作主语时，谓语用复数，表示抽或物，表示一类人作主语时，谓语用复数，表示抽象事物时，谓语用单数。象事物时，谓语用单数。第6页/共21页n n 形式三：形式三：It is/was+It is/was+强调部分强调部分+that/who+that/who+从从句句例：例：_(_(做那

16、个做那个实践的正是我父亲实践的正是我父亲)in the lab yesterday.)in the lab yesterday.答案：答案：It was my father who did the It was my father who did the experiment.experiment.(本题考察强调判断句型本题考察强调判断句型,强调的是强调的是my my father,father,引导词用引导词用who)who)1.The tall figure that I 1.The tall figure that I saw_(saw_(不是别人，正是我们不是别人，正是我们的校长的校长

17、)。2.To everyone2.To everyones surprise,_(s surprise,_(他他只是一味的笑只是一味的笑)。3._(3._(这正是我父亲这正是我父亲做的那个试验做的那个试验)in the lab yesterday.)in the lab yesterday.答案：答案：1.was none other than our president 1.was none other than our president 2.he did nothing else than laugh2.he did nothing else than laugh3.It was the

18、 experiment that my father did 3.It was the experiment that my father did 第7页/共21页（二）正反判断句（二）正反判断句n n 形式一形式一 ：主语：主语+be+not+be+not+表语表语A+but+A+but+表语表语B B例：例：There are different opinions about the true meaning of There are different opinions about the true meaning of life,but most people believe life

19、,but most people believe that_(that_(生命并不一定要生命并不一定要漫长，但是要五彩缤纷漫长，但是要五彩缤纷)。答案：答案：life is not always long but it must be life is not always long but it must be amazingamazing(本题考察正反判断句，注意本题考察正反判断句，注意butbut后如果是一个完整的句后如果是一个完整的句子，主语一定要和前面的保持一致子，主语一定要和前面的保持一致)n n 形式二：（形式二：（It isIt is）not not that(who)that(

20、who),but,but that that(who)(who)例：例：It is not that I dislike the It is not that I dislike the work,_(work,_(而是我没有时间而是我没有时间)答案：答案：but that I have no timebut that I have no time(本题考察正反判断句，注意本题考察正反判断句，注意“not that but that”中的两个中的两个that that 均不能省略均不能省略)n n第8页/共21页n n 1.I am badly ill,_(1.I am badly ill,_

21、(不不是肉体上，而是精神上是肉体上，而是精神上)。2.It is not heroes who create the people,but 2.It is not heroes who create the people,but the people _(the people _(创造英雄创造英雄并推动历史向前并推动历史向前)。3.It is a big joke that 3.It is a big joke that _(_(无论何时我听无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来到它都忍不住笑起来)。4.The man who stolen my watch was 4.The man who sto

22、len my watch was _(_(不是别人，正是约不是别人，正是约翰翰)。答案：答案：1.not bodily,but mentally1.not bodily,but mentally2.who create heroes and move history onward2.who create heroes and move history onward3.I can3.I cant help laughing whenever I hear itt help laughing whenever I hear it4.no other than John4.no other than

23、 John第9页/共21页比较判断句比较判断句n n 形式一：主语形式一：主语+be+less/more+be+less/more+表语表语A+than+A+than+表语表语B B例：例：He does everything with great care but I think He does everything with great care but I think _(_(与其说他谨慎，不如说他是怯懦与其说他谨慎，不如说他是怯懦)。答案：答案：he is more poltroon than cautious.he is more poltroon than cautious.(本题

24、考察比较判断句型本题考察比较判断句型“more more than than”的用法，它的意思是的用法，它的意思是“与其说与其说不如说不如说”，moremore和和thanthan后接对称成分后接对称成分)形式二：主语形式二：主语+be+not so much+be+not so much+表语表语A+as+A+as+表语表语B B例：例：Judging from his words,we can know Judging from his words,we can know that_(that_(他不是生病，而是情绪低落他不是生病，而是情绪低落)。答案：答案：he isnhe isnt s

25、o much ill as depressed.t so much ill as depressed.(本题考察比较判断句型本题考察比较判断句型 not so much not so much as,as,意思是意思是“不是不是而是而是”)形式三：主语形式三：主语+be+rather+be+rather表语表语A+than+A+than+表语表语B B例：例：He who can recite 500 poems_He who can recite 500 poems_(与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋。与其说他聪明，不如说他勤奋。)答案：答案：is rather diligent than cle

26、veris rather diligent than clever(本题考察比较判断句型本题考察比较判断句型“rather rather than than”的用法，它的意思是的用法，它的意思是“与其说与其说不如说不如说”，和，和rather thanrather than后接对称成分后接对称成分)第10页/共21页（四）倍数表示句型（四）倍数表示句型n n形式一：主语+be+倍数+that of+被比较对象或as+形容词+as+被比较对象例：By that time we shall_(生产的粮食将比2006年增加了3倍)。答案：produce four times as much prod

27、uce four times as much grain as we did 2006grain as we did 2006(本题考察倍数表达法，倍数表达法要分清是原来的几倍，此题“增加了3倍”即是原来的四倍，另外，asas中间要用形容词原型。)第11页/共21页n n形式二：主语形式二：主语+increase/rise/attain+(to)+increase/rise/attain+(to)倍数倍数+compared with+compared with+被比被比较对象较对象例：例：The new buidingThe new buidings area_(s area_(将是旧楼的两倍

28、将是旧楼的两倍)。答案：答案：will attain to 2 times of the old onewill attain to 2 times of the old one(本题考察倍数表达法，本题考察倍数表达法，ofof引出比较的对象，引出比较的对象，oneone指代前面出现指代前面出现过的过的buildingbuilding，翻译的时候要顾及到句子的前后，不要只看所要填，翻译的时候要顾及到句子的前后，不要只看所要填的部分的部分)。n n形式三：主语形式三：主语+increase+increase+（byby）百分数）百分数+compare with+compare with例：例：T

29、he output of June in our factory _(The output of June in our factory _(比比5 5月月份的产量增加了份的产量增加了150%)150%)答案：答案：increase by 150%compared with that of Mayincrease by 150%compared with that of May(本题考察倍数表达法，句型本题考察倍数表达法，句型increase by increase by compared with,thatcompared with,that代代指指outputoutput，thatthat

30、的这种用法在倍数表达句子中常用到。的这种用法在倍数表达句子中常用到。)第12页/共21页n n1.One blind man says that_1.One blind man says that_(与其说大象像别的东西，不如说它像一根长矛。）与其说大象像别的东西，不如说它像一根长矛。）2.Scientists believe 2.Scientists believe that_(that_(与其说海洋分隔了与其说海洋分隔了世界，倒不如说海洋连接了各国。）世界，倒不如说海洋连接了各国。）3.Experience shows that success is 3.Experience shows

31、that success is _(_(应更多的归功与热忱而非能力）应更多的归功与热忱而非能力）答案：答案：1.the elephant is more like a spear than anything else2.Oceans dont so much divide the world as unite it3.due less to ability than to zeal第13页/共21页n n 1.The average income of the staff has been 1.The average income of the staff has been _(_(与去年相比

32、增加了与去年相比增加了50%)50%)2.The size of the newly broadened square 2.The size of the newly broadened square _(_(是以前的四倍大是以前的四倍大)3.After the new technique was introduced,the 3.After the new technique was introduced,the factory_(2000factory_(2000年能生产的卡车是往年的两年能生产的卡车是往年的两倍倍)答案：答案：1.increased by 50 percent compa

33、red with 1.increased by 50 percent compared with last year last year 2.is four times that of the previous one2.is four times that of the previous one3.produced twice as many trucks in 2000 3.produced twice as many trucks in 2000 as the year beforeas the year before第14页/共21页（五）倒装让步句型（五）倒装让步句型（五）倒装让步句

34、型（五）倒装让步句型 n n形式一：表语形式一：表语+as+as+主语（代词）主语（代词）+系动词，系动词，+主句主句 例：例：_(_(尽管这些贵族们非常傲慢尽管这些贵族们非常傲慢)，theytheyareareafraidafraidtotoseeseeyou.you.答案：答案：ProudProudasasthesethesenoblesnoblesareare (本题考察倒装句，本题考察倒装句，asas引导的让步状语从句常倒装引导的让步状语从句常倒装，将表，将表语提到句首，如果表语是可数名词，则其前面不加冠词语提到句首，如果表语是可数名词，则其前面不加冠词)n n形式二：表语形式二：表语

35、+系动词系动词+主语（名词），主语（名词），+主句主句 例：例：NobodyNobodyknowsknows_(_(这就是这就是AlbertAlbertEinsteinEinstein,一位伟大的物理学家一位伟大的物理学家)答案：答案：suchsuchis isAlbertAlbertEinstein,aEinstein,agreatgreatphysicistphysicist (本题考察倒装句，表语本题考察倒装句，表语suchsuch提到了句首，后面的主句省提到了句首，后面的主句省略了主谓语略了主谓语)n n形式三：副词或动词原型形式三：副词或动词原型+as+as+主语主语，+主句主句 例

36、：例：_(_(我们怎么尽力我们怎么尽力)，wewecouldcouldnotnotaccomplishaccomplishit itonontime.time.答案：答案：TryTryasaswewemightmight (本题考察倒装句，本题考察倒装句，asas引导的让步状语从句的引导的让步状语从句的谓语谓语提前，提前，句子倒装句子倒装)第15页/共21页n n 1.1._(_(尽管你读的快尽管你读的快)，wewecouldcouldnotnotaccomplishaccomplishit.it.n n2._(2._(尽管还是个孩子尽管还是个孩子)，heheknowsknowsmuchmuc

37、hknowledgeknowledgeofofscience.science.3.If3.Ifwewewonwont tagreeagreetotoyouryourplan,plan,_(_(他们也不会同意他们也不会同意)。n n答案：答案：1.Fast1.Fastasasyouyouread read 2.Child2.Childasasheheis is 3.neither3.neitherwillwilltheythey第16页/共21页（六）（六）（六）（六）It It作形式主语时的常用句型作形式主语时的常用句型作形式主语时的常用句型作形式主语时的常用句型n n形式一：形式一：It i

38、s+It is+形容词形容词+that/wh-+that/wh-从句从句例：例：It is important_(It is important_(保持生保持生态平衡态平衡)。答案：答案：that we should keep the balance of naturethat we should keep the balance of nature(本题考查本题考查It It 作形式主语时的用法，英语中的主语作形式主语时的用法，英语中的主语从句有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用从句有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it it 作形式主语，而真作形式主语，而真正的主语用正的主语用thatthat引导放在后面引

39、导放在后面)形式二：形式二：It+It+不及物动词不及物动词+that+that例：例：He has been here only three days andHe has been here only three days and_(_(由此可见他对那事一无由此可见他对那事一无所知所知)。答案：答案：it follows that he knows nothing about thatit follows that he knows nothing about that(本题考查本题考查 It+It+不及物动词不及物动词+that+that结构，注意前后句结构，注意前后句子时态的一致子时态的

40、一致)第17页/共21页n n形式三：形式三：It+be+It+be+名词名词+that+that例：例：It is our wish that_It is our wish that_(他爱怎么样就怎么样他爱怎么样就怎么样)答案：答案：he does what he pleaseshe does what he pleases(本题考查本题考查 It It作形式主语的同时，涉及了虚作形式主语的同时，涉及了虚拟语气的考查，在拟语气的考查，在it isit isourour wish/hope wish/hope that that 等结等结构中，从句子的谓语动词要用构中，从句子的谓语动词要用s

41、hould+should+动词原形动词原形这样的虚拟语气这样的虚拟语气)n n形式四：形式四：It+be+done+thatIt+be+done+that例：例：It is said that_(It is said that_(宇宇宙形成于一次大爆炸以后宙形成于一次大爆炸以后)答案：答案：the universe formed after the Big the universe formed after the Big ExplodeExplode(本题考查本题考查 It It作形式主语的用法，常用于作形式主语的用法，常用于It+be+done+thatIt+be+done+that，结构

42、的动词有，结构的动词有report,report,announce,announce,常译为常译为“据说据说”，“据报道据报道”)第18页/共21页n n 1.He told us not to wait for him 1.He told us not to wait for him because_(because_(他是否来还不他是否来还不敢肯定敢肯定)。2.He has no intention of making progress 2.He has no intention of making progress so_(so_(你老是帮助他是没有你老是帮助他是没有用的用的)3.3.（

43、后来证实）（后来证实）_she is _she is a friend of my sister.a friend of my sister.4.Nevertheless,_(4.Nevertheless,_(不可不可否认的是否认的是)，it canit canbring some side-effectsbring some side-effects答案：答案：1.it was uncertain whether he would come1.it was uncertain whether he would come2.it is no use that you always help h

44、im2.it is no use that you always help him3.It turned out that3.It turned out that4.it cannot be denied that4.it cannot be denied that第19页/共21页模拟演练：模拟演练：模拟演练：模拟演练：n n1.She1.Sheneverneverlaughed,_(laughed,_(也从不发脾气也从不发脾气)。2.All2.Allthethekeykeywordswordsin inthethearticlearticleareareprintedprintedin i

45、nboldboldtypetypesosoasasto_to_(_(吸引读者的注意力吸引读者的注意力)。3.The3.Theroomroomis isin ina aterribleterriblemess,it_(mess,it_(肯定没打扫过肯定没打扫过)。4.4.（这个计划成功的关键）（这个计划成功的关键）_is_isgoodgoodplanning.planning.5.When5.WhenI I_(_(发现他骗我发现他骗我)I)Istoppedstoppedbuyingbuyingthingsthingstherethereandandstartedstarteddealingdea

46、lingwithwithanotheranothershop.shop.答案：答案：1.1.nornordiddidshesheevereverloselosetemper/becometemper/becomeangryangry (本题有两个考察点，第一，表示本题有两个考察点，第一，表示“两个都不两个都不”的否定词应该用的否定词应该用nornor，要把它置于句首句子要有倒装，第二，要把它置于句首句子要有倒装，第二，“发脾气发脾气”的表达法：的表达法：loselosetemper/becometemper/becomeangry)angry)2.2.drawdraw/attract/attr

47、actreaderreaders sattention attention(考察考察drawdraw/attract/attractreaderreaders sattentionattention“引起某人注意引起某人注意”，sosoasastoto后接后接dodosth.)sth.)3.3.cancant thavehavebeenbeencleanedcleaned (“情态动词情态动词+have+havedonedone”表示推测，表示推测，cancant t表示不可能，如考试大推测的表示不可能，如考试大推测的事为过去式，则情态动词后用完成式事为过去式，则情态动词后用完成式)4.4.TheThekeykeytotothethesuccesssuccessofofthisthisprojectproject (key(key在这里解答、关键，其后一般接介词在这里解答、关键，其后一般接介词to)to)5.5.found/caughtfound/caughthimhimcheatingcheatingmeme 第20页/共21页