高考英语情态动词考点精讲课件.ppt

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1、 Sun Xiaofeng情情态态动动词词情态动词概述情态动词概述情态动词概述情态动词概述常用情态动词常用情态动词常用情态动词常用情态动词表示推测用法表示推测用法表示推测用法表示推测用法情态动词情态动词情态动词情态动词+have done+have done情态动词特殊用法情态动词特殊用法情态动词特殊用法情态动词特殊用法高考情态动词高考情态动词高考情态动词高考情态动词知识详解知识详解目录can 和和 be able to目录（1 1）表）表）表）表“能力能力能力能力”、“许可许可许可许可”、“可能性可能性可能性可能性”。cancan可代替可代替可代替可代替maymay表许表许表许表许可可可可（

2、2 2）could could 表过去有能力表过去有能力表过去有能力表过去有能力/或可能或可能或可能或可能 ;疑问句表委婉地提出问题疑问句表委婉地提出问题疑问句表委婉地提出问题疑问句表委婉地提出问题（3 3）can can 和和和和 be able to,canbe able to,can有能力不强调结果有能力不强调结果有能力不强调结果有能力不强调结果;be able to;be able to 有更多形有更多形有更多形有更多形式式式式,“凭借努力凭借努力凭借努力凭借努力”达到结果达到结果达到结果达到结果 1.She 1.She cantcant sing sing，otherwise,I w

3、ould invite her to the otherwise,I would invite her to the partyparty.2.You 2.You cancan go now.go now.1.At that time I thought the story 1.At that time I thought the story could notcould not be true.be true.2.The fire spread through the hotel but everyone 2.The fire spread through the hotel but eve

4、ryone was able was able to to get out.get out.例句：例句：例句：例句：目录（1 1）表允许或征询对方许可表允许或征询对方许可表允许或征询对方许可表允许或征询对方许可（问句问句问句问句）“可以可以可以可以”,否定否定否定否定用用用用may notmay not（可能不）（可能不）（可能不）（可能不），不许可用不许可用不许可用不许可用mustntmustnt（绝不能）（绝不能）（绝不能）（绝不能）（2 2）表可能性）表可能性）表可能性）表可能性“或许或许或许或许”、“可能可能可能可能”;might;might语气更不肯语气更不肯语气更不肯语气更不肯定定

5、定定 may 和和 mightYou may take the book home.-May I watch TV after supper?-Yes,you may.（-No,you mustnt./you may not./youd better not.）He may come today(tomorrow).例句：例句：例句：例句：目录（1 1）must must 强制强制强制强制“必须必须必须必须”,否定否定否定否定mustnt mustnt“绝不绝不绝不绝不”。对。对。对。对“must”must”的询问的询问的询问的询问,用用用用neednt/dont have toneednt/

6、dont have to答答答答 .对对对对maymay询问否定回答用询问否定回答用询问否定回答用询问否定回答用mustntmustnt（2 2）must must 推测推测推测推测“一定一定一定一定”,只用肯定只用肯定只用肯定只用肯定,否定为否定为否定为否定为cantcant（不可能）（不可能）（不可能）（不可能）（3 3）must must 和和和和 have to have to:must must 表说话人主观看法表说话人主观看法表说话人主观看法表说话人主观看法,have to “have to “不得不不得不不得不不得不,必须必须必须必须”，表客观条件只能如此。，表客观条件只能如此。

7、，表客观条件只能如此。，表客观条件只能如此。have to have to 比比比比must must 有更多形式有更多形式有更多形式有更多形式（4 4）mustmust表与说话人的愿望相反，意思是表与说话人的愿望相反，意思是表与说话人的愿望相反，意思是表与说话人的愿望相反，意思是“偏要偏要偏要偏要”、“偏偏偏偏偏偏偏偏”must 和和 have toI dont like the TV set.I must buy a new one.The TV set is broken.I have to buy a new one.You must be hungry after the long

8、walk.Tom，you mustnt leave all your clothes on the floor like this!-Must I go now?-Yes,you must.（No,you neednt/you dont have to.）例句：例句：例句：例句：May I take this book out of the reading room?No,you mustnt.You read it in here.I have told you the truth.Must I keep repeating it?John，look at the time.Must you

9、 play the piano at such a late hour?目录（1 1）will will“意志意志意志意志”、“意愿意愿意愿意愿”;习惯动作，习惯动作，习惯动作，习惯动作，“总是总是总是总是”;疑问句疑问句疑问句疑问句,二人称，向对方请求二人称，向对方请求二人称，向对方请求二人称，向对方请求（2 2）would would 说话人的意愿或向对方请求，比说话人的意愿或向对方请求，比说话人的意愿或向对方请求，比说话人的意愿或向对方请求，比will will 婉转婉转婉转婉转;过去习惯动作过去习惯动作过去习惯动作过去习惯动作（3 3）wouldwould和和和和used toused

10、 to“过去常常过去常常过去常常过去常常”,used to,used to“现在不现在不现在不现在不”will 和和 would 例句例句：I will tell you all about it.Will you please give him a message when you see him?When young,he would go out for a trip on Sundays.When young,he used to go out for a trip.shall 和和 should目录（1 1）shall shall 一、三人称疑问句一、三人称疑问句一、三人称疑问句一、

11、三人称疑问句,说话人征求对方意见说话人征求对方意见说话人征求对方意见说话人征求对方意见/请求请求请求请求（2 2）shallshall二、三人称说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺二、三人称说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺二、三人称说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺二、三人称说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺（3 3）shallshall三人称在条约、规章、法令等文件中表义务或规定三人称在条约、规章、法令等文件中表义务或规定三人称在条约、规章、法令等文件中表义务或规定三人称在条约、规章、法令等文件中表义务或规定例句：例句：例句：例句：1.1.Shall Shall he come at once?he come at

12、 once?2.2.Shall Shall we start the meeting now?we start the meeting now?1.You 1.You shallshall fail if you dont work harder.fail if you dont work harder.（警告）（警告）（警告）（警告）2.He 2.He shallshall have the book when I finish reading.have the book when I finish reading.（允诺）（允诺）（允诺）（允诺）3.He 3.He shallshall b

13、e punished.be punished.（威胁）（威胁）（威胁）（威胁）1.Whoever drives through red light 1.Whoever drives through red light shallshall be fined at least be fined at least 200 dollars200 dollars2.According to the 2.According to the law,alllaw,all the illegal income the illegal income shallshall be be taken awaytake

14、n away shall 和和 should目录（1）should 表示表示“劝告劝告”、“建议建议”时，可译时，可译作作“应该应该”（2）should 表惊奇，欣喜，表惊奇，欣喜，“竟然竟然”、“居然居然”1.You should keep your promise.2.I dont believe that the little girl should speak 2 different languages 例句：例句：目录（1 1）need need“需要需要需要需要”,用在否定或疑问句中用在否定或疑问句中用在否定或疑问句中用在否定或疑问句中（2 2）dare dare“敢敢敢敢”,用于

15、否定、疑问和条件从句中用于否定、疑问和条件从句中用于否定、疑问和条件从句中用于否定、疑问和条件从句中.（3 3）need need 和和和和 dare dare 行为动词，变化与一般动词相同，行为动词，变化与一般动词相同，行为动词，变化与一般动词相同，行为动词，变化与一般动词相同，I I dare say dare say 作插入语作插入语作插入语作插入语,我想我想我想我想,大概大概大概大概,可能可能可能可能,或许或许或许或许need 和和 dare-Need you go now?-Yes,I must/No,I neednt.How dare you say Im unfair?She d

16、are not do so.She doesnt need to go.（She neednt go.）I dont dare to go.（I dare not go.）例句：例句：知识详解知识详解目录表示推测的情态动词表示推测的情态动词目录表示表示“肯定推测肯定推测”的情态动词的情态动词-Hi,Tom.Any idea where Jane is?-She must be in the classroom.I saw her there just now.The traffic is heavy this day,I might arrive a bit late,so could you

17、 save me a place?例句：例句：“肯定肯定肯定肯定,一定一定一定一定”“很可能，应该很可能，应该很可能，应该很可能，应该”must should may(might)“也许，可能也许，可能也许，可能也许，可能”目录表示表示“否定推测否定推测”的情态动词的情态动词Im afraid Mr.Harding cant see you now.Hes busy.He may not be able to help but theres no harm in asking him.例句：例句：cant may/might not“不可能不可能”“可能不，也许不可能不，也许不”目录can或或

18、couldMy MP4 player isnt in my bag.Where can I have put it?Who has broken the window in my room?Who else could have done it but your naughty son!例句：例句：表示表示“疑问推测疑问推测”的情态动词的情态动词知识详解知识详解目录表示对过去情况的推测表示对过去情况的推测目录Since the ground is white,it must have snowed last night.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing,fo

19、r I saw him in the library just now.They may have missed the plane,or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason.I know she was in,but she didnt open the door.She may not have heard the bell.-Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.-You might have put it in the wr

20、ong place.例句：例句：must/cant have done may/might have done“当时一定当时一定当时一定当时一定/不可能不可能不可能不可能”“当时可能当时可能当时可能当时可能”用于虚拟语气表示本用于虚拟语气表示本目录might/can/could have donemight/can/could have done 本可能本可能本可能本可能实际没实际没实际没实际没/本能够本能够本能够本能够Need/Need/neednt have doneneednt have done有必要做而没做有必要做而没做有必要做而没做有必要做而没做should have donesh

21、ould have done本应该本应该本应该本应该结果没结果没结果没结果没1.-Did you visit the famous museum?1.-Did you visit the famous museum?-No.We-No.We must have visitedmust have visited it,but we spent too much time it,but we spent too much time shopping.shopping.2.But for their help2.But for their help，we we could not havecould

22、 not have finished the finished the program in timeprogram in time1.He 1.He could have passedcould have passed the exam,but he was too the exam,but he was too careless.careless.2.He 2.He might have givenmight have given you more help,even though he was you more help,even though he was busy.busy.1.We

23、 1.We shouldnt have waitedshouldnt have waitedfor her because she never came.for her because she never came.2.The plant is dead.I 2.The plant is dead.I should have givenshould have given it more water.it more water.1.You You neednt have spentneednt have spent any money on the software.It any money o

24、n the software.It was available for free.was available for free.2.He 2.He need have hurriedneed have hurried to the station.In that case,he to the station.In that case,he wouldnt have missed the train.wouldnt have missed the train.例句：例句：知识详解知识详解目录知识详解知识详解目录注意对注意对need问句的回答问句的回答:-Need I finish the wor

25、k today?-Yes,_.No,_.you mustyou neednt/you dont have to知识详解知识详解目录neednt 对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-Shall/may I tell John about it?-No,you _.-Must we do it now?-No,you _.neednt/dont have toneednt/dont have to巩固性练习巩固性练习目录1.When winter comes，spring be far behind?A.must B.shouldC.willD.can巩固性练习巩固性练习目录2.I hav

26、e taken someone elses T-shirt by mistake.Is it Janes?Itbe hers.She seldom wears red.A.wont B.cant C.neednt D.mustnt巩固性练习巩固性练习目录3.A man is asking to see you.he come in?Let him in.A.Must B.ShallC.WillD.Dare巩固性练习巩固性练习目录4.Although he was badly hurt，he explain what had happened.A.could B.might C.was able

27、 to D.could not巩固性练习巩固性练习目录5.Jim!Did you have a good time at the party?Yes，but I reallyhave，because I had lots of work to do.A.neednt B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.couldnt巩固性练习巩固性练习目录6.Youpay too much attention to your reading skill，for it is very important.A.wontB.needntC.cannotD.mustnt巩固性练习巩固性练习目录7.But ev

28、eryoneobserve the rules of the road，Madam.I read them to you?A.must;May B.will;Can C.shall;Shall D.can;Will巩固性练习巩固性练习目录8.Marys score on the test is the highest in her class.Really?She have studied very hard.Amay Bought to Cmust Dshould跟踪训练跟踪训练巩固性练习巩固性练习目录9.When I lived with my roommates in the university,we often talk into the night.Amight Bcould Cshould Dwould跟踪训练跟踪训练巩固性练习巩固性练习目录10.Im caught in the traffic jam now I_arrive late,so could you wait for me a bit longer?1.A.must B.need 2.C.may D.canWest LakeThank you!Thank you!