ECE-R28 汽车欧盟标准 之 声音报警系统 Audible warnin.pdf

《ECE-R28 汽车欧盟标准 之 声音报警系统 Audible warnin.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ECE-R28 汽车欧盟标准 之 声音报警系统 Audible warnin.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 Seite drucken Contents ECE-R 28 UNIFORM PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE APPROVAL OF AUDIBLE WARNING DEVICES AND OF MOTOR VEHICLES WITH REGARD TO THEIR AUDIBLE SIGNALS Basic version In force:15.01.1973 E/ECE/324-TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.27/Amend.1 Basic version,supplement 1 In force:07.02.1984 E/ECE/324-TRANS/

2、505/Rev.1/Add.27/Rev.1 Basic version,supplement 2 In force:08.01.1991 E/ECE/324-TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.27/Amend.1 and Amend.2 Corr.1 to supplement 2 In force:16.06.1992 E/ECE/324-TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.27/Amend.3 Basic version,supplement 3 In force:28.12.2000 ECE-R 28 Audible warning devices 020827 Deutsc

3、her Text:ECE-R 28-Einrichtungen fr SchallzeichenTitle of the Regulation/History1 ScopeI.AUDIBLE WARNING DEVICES2 Definitions3 Application for approval4 Markings5 Approval6 Specifications7 Modification of the type of audible warning device and extension of approval8 Conformity of production9 Penaltie

4、s for non-conformity of production10 Production discontinued II.AUDIBLE SIGNALS OF MOTOR VEHICLES11 Definition12 Application for approval13 Approval14 Specifications15 Modifications of vehicle type and extension of approval16 Conformity of production17 Penalties for non-conformity of production18 Na

5、mes and addresses of the technical services conducting approval tests and of administrative departmentsANNEX 1-CommunicationANNEX 2-CommunicationANNEX 3Modifications:1 SCOPETopThis regulation applies to:1.1.audible warning devices(AWD)1)supplied with direct or alternating current or compressed air,w

6、hich are intended for fitting to motor vehicles of categories L3 to L5,M and N,excluding mopeds(categories L1 and L2)2)1.2.audible signals 3)of motor vehicles listed in 1.1.1)An AWD consisting of several sound outlets activated by a single power unit shall be regarded as an AWD.2)As defined in the c

7、onsolidated Resolution(R.E.3)(TRANS/SC1/WP29/78).1 of 103)An AWD consisting of several units,each emitting a sound signal and operated simultaneously by the actuation of a single control shall be regarded as an audible warning system.I.AUDIBLE WARNING DEVICES Top2 DEFINITIONSTopFor the purposes of t

8、his Regulation,audible warning devices(AWD)of different types shall be understood to mean devices essentially different from one another with respect to such matters as:2.1.trade name or mark;2.2.principles of operation;2.3.type of electrical supply(direct or alternating current);2.4.outer shape of

9、case;2.5.shape and dimensions of diaphragm(s);2.6.shape or kind of sound outlet(s);2.7.rated sound frequency or frequencies;2.8.rated supply voltage;2.9.for devices supplied directly from an external compressed air source,rated operating pressure.2.10.The AWD is principally intended for:2.10.1.motor

10、 cycles of a power less than or equal to 7 kW(class I)2.10.2.vehicles of categories M and N and motor cycles of a power greater than 7 kW(class II)3 APPLICATION FOR APPROVALTop3.1.The application for approval of a type of audible warning device shall be submitted by the holder of the trade name or m

11、ark or by his duly accredited representative.3.2.It shall be accompanied by the following documents,in triplicate,giving the following particulars:3.2.1.a description of the type of audible waning device,paying particular attention to the points mentioned in paragraph 2.;3.2.2.a drawing showing,inte

12、r alia,the warning device in cross section;3.2.3.a list of the components used in manufacture,duly identified,with an indication of the materials used;3.2.4.detailed drawings of all components used in the manufacture.The drawings shall show the place provided for the approval number in relation to t

13、he circle of the approval mark.3.3.In addition,the application for approval shall be accompanied by two samples of the type of warning device.3.4.The competent authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production before type

14、 approval is granted.4 MARKINGSTop4.1.The samples of the audible warning devices submitted for approval shall bear the manufacturers trade name or mark;this mark must be clearly legible and indelible.4.2.Each sample shall have a space of adequate dimensions for the approval mark;this space shall be

15、indicated in the drawing referred to in paragraph 3.2.2.5 APPROVALTop5.1.If the samples submitted for approval conform to the provisions of paragraphs 6.and 7.below,approval for this type of warning device shall be granted.5.2.An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved.Its first two

16、digits(at present 00 for the Regulation in its original form)shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval.The same Contracting Party may not assign this number to another type of audible w

17、arning device.5.3.The same approval number may be assigned to types of warning devices differing only with respect to rated voltage,rated frequency or frequencies or,for the devices mentioned in paragraph 2.8.above,rated operating pressure.5.4.Notice of approval or refusal or extension or withdrawn

18、of approval or production definitely discontinued of a type of warning device pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a form conforming to the model in annex 1 to the Regulation,and of drawings of the audible warning devi

19、ce(supplied by the applicant for approval)with the maximum format A.4(210 x 297 mm)or folded to this format and on the scale 1:1.5.5.On every audible warning device which conforms to a type approved under this Regulation,there shall be affixed conspicuously,in an easily accessible place indicated on

20、 the approval form,an international approval mark comprising:2 of 105.5.1.a circle containing the letter E followed by the distinguishing number of the country granting approval;4)5.5.2.an approval number5.5.3.an additional symbol in the form of a figure in Roman numerals showing the class to which

21、the AWD belongs.5.6.The approval mark and the additional symbol must be clearly legible and indelible.5.7.Annex 3,Section I,to this Regulation gives an example of the arrangement of the approval mark.4)1 for Germany,2 for France,3 for Italy,4 for the Netherlands,5 for Sweden,6 for Belgium,7 for Hung

22、ary,8 for the Czech Republic,9 for Spain,10 for Yugoslavia,11 for the United Kingdom,12 for Austria,13 for Luxembourg,14 for Switzerland,15(vacant),16 for Norway,17 for Finland,18 for Denmark,19 for Romania,20 for Poland,21 for Portugal,22 for the Russian Federation,23 for Greece,24 for Ireland,25 f

23、or Croatia,26 for Slovenia,27 for Slovakia,28 for Belarus,29 for Estonia,30(vacant),31 for Bosnia and Herzegovina,32 for Latvia,33(vacant),34 for Bulgaria,35-36(vacant),37 for Turkey,38-39(vacant),40 for The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,41(vacant),42 for the European Community(Approvals are

24、 granted by its Member States using their respective ECE symbol),43 for Japan,44(vacant),45 for Australia,46 for Ukraine and 47 for South Africa.Subsequent numbers shall be assigned to other countries in the chronological order in which they ratify or accede to the Agreement Concerning the Adoption

25、of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles,Equipment and Parts which can be Fitted and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of these Prescriptions,and the numbers thus assigned shall be communicated by the Secreta

26、ry-General of the United Nations to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement.6 SPECIFICATIONSTop6.1.General Specifications6.1.1.The audible warning device shall emit a continuous and uniform sound;its acoustic spectrum shall not vary substantially during its operation.For warning devices supplied wi

27、th alternating current,this requirement shall apply only at constant generator speed,within the range specified in paragraph 6.2.3.2.6.1.2.The warning device shall have acoustic characteristics(spectral distribution of the acoustic energy,sound pressure level)and mechanical characteristics such that

28、 it passes,in order indicated,the following tests.6.2.Measurement of the sound characteristics6.2.1.The warning device should,preferably,be tested in an anechoic environment.Alter-natively,it may be tested in a semi-anechoic chamber or in an open space.In this case,precautions shall be taken to avoi

29、d reflections from the ground within the measuring area(for instance by erecting a set of absorbing screens).Compliance with the spherical divergence to a limit of 1 dB within a hemisphere of not less than 5 m radius,up to the maximum frequency to be measured,especially in the measuring direction an

30、d at the height of the apparatus and the microphone,shall be checked.The ambient noise level shall be at least 10 dB lower than the sound pressure level to be measured.The device to be tested and the microphone shall be placed at the same height.This height shall be between 1.15 and 1.25 m.The axis

31、of maximum sensitivity of the microphone shall coincide with the direction of the maximum sound level of the device.The microphone shall be so placed that its diaphragm is at a distance of 2 0.01 m from the plane of the sound outlet of the device.In the case of devices with several outlets,the dista

32、nce shall be determined in relation to the plane of the nearest outlet to the microphone.6.2.2.The measurements of the sound pressure levels shall be made with a class 1 precision sound level meter conforming to the specifications of IEC Publication No.651,first edition(1979).All measurements shall

33、be made using the time constant F.The measurement of the over-all sound pressure level shall be made using the weighting curve A.The spectrum of the sound emitted shall be measured according to the Fourier transform of the acoustic signal.Alternatively,one-third octave filters conforming to the spec

34、ifications of IEC Publication No.225,first edition(1966)may be used:in this case,the sound pressure level in the mid-band frequency 2,500 Hz shall be determined by adding the quadratic means of the sound pressures in the one-third mid-band frequencies 2,000,2,500 and 3,150 Hz.In every case,only the

35、Fourier transform method shall be regarded as a reference method.6.2.3.The AWD shall be supplied with current,as appropriate,at the following voltages:6.2.3.1.in the case of AWDs supplied with direct current,at a voltage measured at the terminal of the electric power source of 13/12 of the rated vol

36、tage;6.2.3.2.in the case of AWDs supplied with alternating current,the current shall be supplied by an electric generator of the type normally used with this type of AWD.The acoustic characteristics of the AWD shall be recorded for electric generator speeds corresponding to 50%,75%and 100%of the max

37、imum speed indicated by the manufacturer of the generator for continuous operation.During this test,no other electrical load shall be imposed on the electric generator.The endurance test described in paragraph 6.3.shall be carried out at a speed indicated by the manufacturer of the equipment and sel

38、ected from the above range.6.2.4.If a rectified current source is used for the test of an AWD supplied with direct current,when the warning devices are in operation,shall not be more than 0.1 volt,peak to peak.6.2.5.For AWDs supplied with direct current,the resistance of the connecting leads,express

39、ed in ohms,including terminals and contacts,shall be as close as possible to:(0.10/12)x rated voltage in volts.3 of 106.2.6.The warning device shall be mounted rigidly,by means of the equipment indicated by the manufacturer,on a support whose mass is at least ten times that of the warning device und

40、er test and not less than 30 kg.In addition,arrangements must be made to ensure that reflections on the sides of the support and its own vibrations have no appreciable effect on the measuring results.6.2.7.In the conditions set out above,the sound-pressure level weighted in accordance with curve A s

41、hall not exceed the following values:(a)115 dB(A)for AWDs intended principally for motor cycles with a power less than or equal to 7 kW;(b)118 dB(A)for AWDs intended principally for vehicles of categories M and N,and motor cycles with a power greater than 7 kW.6.2.7.1.In addition,the sound-pressure

42、level in the frequency band 1,800 to 3,550 Hz shall be greater than that of any component of a frequency above 3,550 Hz and in any event equal to or greater than:(a)95 dB(A)for AWDs intended principally for motor cycles with a power less than or equal to 7 kW;(b)105 dB(A)for AWDs intended principall

43、y for vehicles of categories of M and N,and motor cycles with a power greater than 7 kW.6.2.7.2.AWDs meeting the sound characteristics mentioned in(b)may be used on the vehicles mentioned in(a).6.2.8.The specifications indicated above shall also be met by a device subjected to the endurance test ref

44、erred to in paragraph 6.3.below,with the supply voltage varying between 115%and 95%of its rated voltage for AWDs supplied with direct current or,for AWDs supplied with alternating current,between 50%and 100%of the maximum speed of the generator indicated by the manufacturer for continuous operation.

45、6.2.9.The time lapse between the moment when the device is actuated and the moment when the sound reaches the minimum value prescribed in paragraph 6.2.7.above shall not exceed 0.2 second measured at an ambient temperature of 20 5 C.This provision is applicable,inter alia,to pneumatic or electro-pne

46、umatic warning devices.6.2.10.Pneumatic or electro-pneumatic warning devices shall,when operating under the power supply conditions established for the devices by the manufacturers,satisfy the same acoustic requirements as are prescribed for electrically-operated audible warning devices.6.2.11.In th

47、e case of multiple-tone devices in which each sound-emitting unit is capable of functioning independently,the minimum values specified above shall be obtained when each of the constituent units is operated separately.The maximum value of the over-all sound level shall not be exceeded when all the co

48、nstituent units are operated simultaneously.6.3.Endurance test6.3.1.The AWD shall be supplied with current at the rated voltage and with the connecting lead resistances specified in paragraphs 6.2.3.to 6.2.5.above,and operated,respectively:10,000 times for AWDs intended principally for motor cycles

49、with a power less than or equal to 7 kW.50,000 times for AWDs intended principally for vehicles of categories M and N and motor cycles with a power greater than 7 kW.Each time for one second followed by an interval of four seconds.During the test,the AWD shall be ventilated by an air current having

50、a speed of approximately 10 m/sec.6.3.2.If the test is made in an anechoic chamber,the chamber shall be large enough to ensure normal dispersal of the heat released by the warning device during the test.6.3.3.The ambient temperature in the testing room shall be between+15 and+30 C.6.3.4.If,after the