脑积水治疗中放置时间的评估与研究_张齐龙.pdf
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1、临床研究2013年11月第51卷第32期中国现代医生CHINA MODERN DOCTOR侧脑室引流管在结核性脑膜炎脑积水治疗中放置时间的评估与研究张齐龙1刘健民2郭晓莹1况卫丰1刘子林1章玉坤1肖绍武1叶 琳11.江西省胸科医院神经内科,江西南昌330006;2.江西省人民医院神经外科,江西南昌330006摘要目的 对侧脑室引流管在结核性脑膜炎脑积水治疗中放置时间及拔管时机进行评估,观察临床转归。方法选择符合条件的结核性脑膜炎中、重度脑积水患者226例,分为改良脑室引流组(治疗组)127例和常规脑室引流组(对照组)99例,全部病例均行规范的全身抗结核、脱水及激素治疗。治疗组患者在局麻下改良脑
2、室外引流,对照组按常规侧脑室额角穿刺外引流。两组患者均于术后第2天行脑室注射抗结核药物,引流两周后行24h夹闭导管试验,按拔管指征评估拔管可能性,进行疗效判定。结果 治疗组127例中,引流时间窗符合拔管指征者76例,提前拔管19例,延迟拔管32例,导管放置时间(27.617.3)d,3例继发颅内感染,总有效率为74.8%(95/127),颅内感染发生率2.3%;对照组99例中,引流时间窗符合拔管指征者56例,提前拔管29例,延迟拔管14例,导管放置时间(18.915.2)d,7例继发颅内感染,总有效率为69.7%(69/99),颅内感染发生率7.1%。两组疗效对比差异无统计学意义(2=3.75
3、,P 0.05),两组脑室外引流导管放置时间比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.413,P 0.05),两组颅内感染发生率比较差异有统计学意义(2=4.92,P 0.05)。结论 结核性脑膜炎合并中、重度脑积水患者应早期行侧脑室外引流,配合脑室内注射药物治疗,效果显著,可使部分患者避免V-P分流手术。改良脑室外引流能降低颅内感染的发生率。妥善评估侧脑室引流管在结核性脑膜炎脑积水治疗中放置时间及拔管时机是取得良好预后的关键。关键词结核性脑膜炎;脑积水;引流中图分类号 R47;R54文献标识码 B文章编号 1673-9701(2013)32-0048-03The study on the retenti
4、on time of lateral ventricular drainage tube intreating tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalusZHANG Qilong1LIU Jianmin2GUO Xiaoying1KUANG Weifeng1LIU Zilin1ZHANG Yukun1XIAO Shaowu1YE Lin11.Department of Neurology,Jiangxi Provincial Chest Hospital,Nanchang330006,China;2.Department of Neuro-surgery
5、,Jiangxi Peoples Hospital,Nanchang330006,ChinaAbstract Objective To observe the retention time and the time of extubation of ventricular drainage tube which usedto treat tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus,and assess the clinical outcome.Methods We selected 226tuberculous meningitis patients c
6、ombined with moderate or severe hydrocephalus.All patients were nonrandomlydivided into two groups:the treatment group adopted the modified ventricular drainage which included 127 patients,the control group adopted conventional ventricular drainage which included 99 patients,all patients underwent a
7、standard systemic anti-TB,dehydration and corticosteroids therapy.The treatment group adopted modified ventriculardrainage under localized anesthesia,but as for the control group,we adopted the conventional way which puncturedthrough frontal eminence.All patients of the two groups were injected anti
8、-TB drugs into lateral ventricles each daysince the second day after the operation.Two weeks later,we pinched off the catheter for 24 hours as a trial,assessedthe possibility of extubating the catheter according to the standard of extubation,and determined the efficacy.ResultsIn the treatment group,
9、76 cases were extubated the catheter in the drainage time window,19 cases ahead of thetime,32 cases after the time,and the average retention time was(27.617.3)d,3 cases suffered secondary intracranialinfection,with a total efficiency of 74.8%(95/127),intracranial infection rate of 2.3%.As the contro
10、l group,56 caseswere extubated the catheter in the drainage time window,29 cases ahead of the time,14 cases after the time,andthe average retention time was(18.915.2)d,7 cases suffered secondary intracranial infection,with a total efficiency of69.7%(69/99),intracranial infection rate of 7.1%.We obse
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- 脑积水 治疗 放置 时间 评估 研究 张齐龙
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