高中倒装句语法讲解课件(3).ppt

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1、Inversion 倒装句倒装句 倒装的目的倒装的目的1.语法要求：语法要求：疑问句，疑问句，there be,祝愿句祝愿句2.修辞要求：修辞要求：为了强调；为了强调；为描写生动；为描写生动；为衔接上下文；为衔接上下文；为平衡句子为平衡句子Mayyousucceed!LongliveChina!Mayyoureturninsafety!“倒装句倒装句”主要指的是谓语语序的倒装主要指的是谓语语序的倒装,当然当然也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。倒装句分为两也有宾语和表语语序的倒装。倒装句分为两种种:部分倒装部分倒装和和完全倒装完全倒装.Seldomhavewefeltascomfortableasher

2、e.Isthedinnerprepared?CanyouspeakFrench?只将只将助动词助动词,系动词或情态动词系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装部分倒装.Isheyourclassmate?Incametheheadmaster,followedbyagroupofteachers.将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装完全倒装.注注:be动词动词为为唯一的谓语动词时唯一的谓语动词时只能完全倒装只能完全倒装.一、一、部分倒装部分倒装部分倒装是把

3、部分倒装是把情态动词情态动词,系动词或助动词系动词或助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在要在主语之前加主语之前加助动词助动词do/does/did等等,而把原而把原来的谓语动词变成来的谓语动词变成原形原形放在主语之后。部分倒放在主语之后。部分倒装主要有以下几种情况装主要有以下几种情况:1.句首由句首由否定或半否定意义的副词或词组开头否定或半否定意义的副词或词组开头的句子。的句子。这类词或短语主要有这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,no,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,no

4、tonly,innoway,atnotime,few,not,bynomeans等等,如如:2.Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.I cant swim.Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.巩固练习巩固练习:1)Hardly_theairportwhentheplanetookoff.A.IhadarrivedatB.hadIarrivedC.hadIreachedD.Ihadgotto2)Haveyoueversee

5、nanythinglikethatbefore?No,_anythinglikethatbefore.A.IneverhaveseenB.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseen3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,_I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherdoD.nordo2.only+状语状语(从句从句)放在句首放在句首,要部分倒装。如要部分倒装。如:Onlyby this meansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介词短语介词短语)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(

6、副词副词)Onlywhen the warwas over in 1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(从句从句)巩固练习巩固练习:4)Onlyinthisway_makeprogressinyourEnglish.A.youB.canyouC.youbeabletoD.willyouableto5)Onlywhenthemeetingwasover_gobacktomeethisfriend.A.hecouldB.hewasableto C.washeabletoD.wasabletohe注意注意:Onlyhecanhelpmewiththeproblem

7、.(非状语不倒装非状语不倒装)3.so或或so引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。如要部分倒装。如:Isawthefilm,sodid she.Soloudly did hespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.巩固练习巩固练习:6)Ilikesportsand_mybrother.A.sodoesB.soisC.socanD.solikes7)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.soCharliedidB.soCharliedoesC.CharliedoessoD.sodidCh

8、arlie8)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould4.Notonly+分句分句,butalso+分句分句句型中的前一分句型中的前一分句要部分倒装，即句要部分倒装，即“前倒后不倒前倒后不倒”。如。如:Notonlydoes JohnloveChinese,heisalsogoodatspeakingit.但但notonly.butalso.连接主语时连接主语时,不倒装。如不

9、倒装。如:Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.巩固练习巩固练习:9)_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.Notonlyhe C.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas5.Notuntil放在句首放在句首,“主倒从不倒主倒从不倒”。如。如:Notuntillastweekdidtheyfindthelostbike.(简单句简单句)Notuntilmysonhadenteredtheuniversitydidherealizetheimportanceoftime.(复

10、合句复合句)注注:Itwasnot untilIarrivedathomethatIrealisedIhadleftmykeyatschool.(强调句里强调句里无倒装无倒装)巩固练习巩固练习:10)Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_knowwhatheatis.A.mandidB.manC.didntmanD.didman11)NotuntilIbegantowork_realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didntIB.didIC.IdidntD.I6.as引导的引导的让步状语从句让步状语从句,把把名词名词,形容词或动词形容

11、词或动词提到提到as前面前面,如如:Childasheis,heisveryhelpfultohismother.(可数名词单数作表语提前可数名词单数作表语提前,习惯上习惯上不加冠词不加冠词)Tiredashewas,hekeptonrunning.Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.巩固练习巩固练习:12)_,heshonest.A.AsheispoorB.Poorishe C.PoorasheisD.Poorasishe7.在以在以often,always,once,manyatime,nowandthen,everyotherday,thus等等频度副词或方频度副

12、词或方式的词式的词(短语短语)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。如如:ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.ThuswastheEmperordeceived.巩固练习巩固练习:13)Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy If you had reviewed your lessons,you might have passed the examination.=Had you reviewed your lessons,yo

13、u might have passed the examination.虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果有虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果有were,had,should时时,可省略可省略if,但其谓语须倒装。但其谓语须倒装。8.用于省略用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句的虚拟条件状语从句:二、二、完全倒装完全倒装完全倒装有以下几种情况完全倒装有以下几种情况:1.Therebe结构。另外结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,stand等。如等。如:Therearemanybooksonthedesk.The

14、reseemsafriendofmineinthecompany.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.巩固练习巩固练习:1)_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at2.“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或或be/go等等)+主语主语”结构。结构。说明说明:本句型中本句型中there是副词是副词,应应重读重读,强调地点。强调地点。而前一句型中的而前一句型中的ther

15、e是引导词是引导词,本身没意义。如本身没意义。如:Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.Nowcomesyourturn.除了除了then引导的句子用引导的句子用过去式过去式以外以外,其余的均用一般现其余的均用一般现在时在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果如果主语是人称代词主语是人称代词,就就不用倒装不用倒装。如。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.巩固练习巩固练习:2)There_.Andhere_.A.goesthebell;she

16、comesB.isthebellgoing;issheC.doesthebellgo;doesshecomeD.thebellgoes;comesshe3.表示方向的副词表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首等置于句首,要用完要用完全倒装。如全倒装。如:Upwentthe arrowintotheair.Awaywentthe boy.(注注:代词代词不不倒装倒装:Outhewent.)巩固练习巩固练习:3)Out_,withastickinhishand.A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush4)_fromthetopofthebu

17、ildingwhenthepolicemanpointedthegunathim.A.JumpeddowntherobberB.JumpedtherobberdownC.DownjumpedtherobberD.Downtherobberjumped4.“分词分词/代词代词+be+主语主语结构。如结构。如:Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.巩固练习巩固练习:5)_，amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB

18、.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein6)_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going5.表示地点的表示地点的介词短语介词短语,如如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等放在句首时等放在句首时,要完全倒装要完全倒装,通常是为平衡句子通常是为平衡句子结构。如结构。如:Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.Infrontoftheclassroomisaplayground.巩固练习巩固练习:7)Nearthechurch_cottage.A.wassuchanoldB.hadasooldC.wassucholdaD.issoanold