阅读理解之词义猜测+高三阅读讲解.ppt

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1、阅读理解解题技巧之阅读理解解题技巧之词义猜测2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲(1)The underlined word/phrase“.”in Para-graph 2 most probably means_.(2)By“.”(Paragraph 2)，the author means _.(3)The word“.”in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .(4)In Line 8 the word“.”could best be replaced by .典型设题方式2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲五年高考山东卷猜测词义题

2、量统计五年高考山东卷猜测词义题量统计 年份年份 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013词义题 数 量 1 1 0 1 12023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲 Summarize and keep in mind the skills of guessing new words.Apply the skills to reading comprehension.Studying aims2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲 词 义 猜 测 类 阅 读 理 解备考策略备考策略 1、这种类型的问题，重点考查的不是学生、这种类型的问题，重点考查的不是学生 词汇量的多少，而是考

3、查是否具有利用词汇量的多少，而是考查是否具有利用 语境线索，推测和判断词义的能力。语境线索，推测和判断词义的能力。2、解答这类试题最重要的方法，是理解含解答这类试题最重要的方法，是理解含 生词部分的上下文生词部分的上下文(也就是常说的语境也就是常说的语境)来推测其意思。来推测其意思。2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope,an instrument for listening to a patients heartbeat and breathing.【悟悟

4、】由生词后的_(从句)或定语从句可猜词义，也就是_猜词法。常见信息词_ 听病人心脏听病人心脏跳动和呼吸跳动和呼吸【析析】同位语部分意思是，stethoscope是用来_的仪器，也即_。“听诊器听诊器”mean,the same as,that is to say,in other words,.同位语同位语 定义定义 2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】I found I was paying too much attention to the job and thus sacrificing my study time.【悟悟】根据对比关系猜测词义。句中有_

5、 _等表转折的词时，前后句含有对比意义，据此可猜测生词词义。【析析】in contrast表示_，supercilious与modest意义相对应，可猜出supercilious意为_。对对比比“傲慢的；目空一切的傲慢的；目空一切的”but,however,yet,though,although,on the other hand,instead2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I knew.His brother in contrast,is quite modest.【

6、悟悟】根据_关系猜测词义。表示_关系的信息词有：_等。【析析】thus是信息词，因为我对工作过分注意，因此_，这样可知sacrifice意思应该为“_”。失去了许多学习的时间失去了许多学习的时间牺牲；失去牺牲；失去因果因果因果因果because,so,therefore,thus,so.that2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】His secret for a living and healthy life has been well publicizedno alcohol,no cigarette and no anger.【悟悟】根据_关系猜测词义。表

7、_关系的信息词有and,or,namely,that is to say,in other words 等。【析析】由a living and healthy life以及同类名词cigarette可推知，alcohol意为_。“酒精酒精”同等同等同等同等2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】In our competitive world of today,examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role.【悟悟】根据_猜测词义。这类_往往有and,or,but,however等信息词作暗示。【析析】

8、句中_ 与filtering含义相近，由_推测filtering 意为_。selectingselecting“筛选筛选；选选拔拔”同同义词义词、近、近义词义词或反或反义词义词同同义词义词、近、近义词义词或反或反义词义词2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】Today young couples who are just starting their household often spend lots of their money on appliances,for instance,washing machine,fridge and color TV se

9、ts.【悟悟】根据举例猜测词义。这类信息词有_ 等短语。【析析】从for instance后所举例子可知，appliances意为_。“electrical equipment used at home”,即即“家用家用电器器”for example,such as,for instance,consist of,include,especially2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲例 析 与 探 究【例例】The pupils assembled in front of the school hall.They came together to listen to the head

10、master announce the result of the sports meeting.【悟悟】俗话说，“词不离句，句不离文”。特定的 _往往是推测词义不可忽视的重要因素。【析析】第二句有_，很明显学生们是_学校大厅前听校长宣布运动会的成绩。came together(聚到一起聚到一起)“聚集到聚集到”上下文上下文Its time to use what you learn.2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语句练习】1.The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively

11、 small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure.2.My doll was gone!I cried for it.Mum wept and told me that the poor little thing bad been sent to a hospital.It had a fever.For several days I Heard Mum and Dad whispering such wo

12、rds as“hopeless”,“pitiful”,and“dying”,which sounded ominous.relatively low fearful2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语句练习】3.There are no obvious limits to the escalation of demand for quality.For example,Porsche,a famous car producer,has a model which was considered perhaps the best sport car on the m

13、arket Priced at over$120,000,it handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration.4.And for chocolate snobs，who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others,the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo,Cuba,Venezuela,and Ghana,among others.increasepeople who are partic

14、ular about chocolate2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语句练习】5.One was a shiny and new bucket.The other was a very old and dilapidated one,which had seen many years of service,but was now past its best.6.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.It is from t

15、hese shoots that the best tea is got.7.You are soft and tender by nature,but the adversities of life should make you brave and stronger.wornoutregular cutting of the plantsdifficulties2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语段练习】1.Sparrow failed to grow for another two years,until a new CEO,Carl Pearson,de

16、cided to build up its market share.He did a survey,which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain,while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.（2013鲁鲁）What do

17、es the underlined word“them”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.Customers of Sparrow restaurants B.Sparrow restaurants C.Customers of other fastfood chains D.Other fastfood chains2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语段练习】2.Dont be too choosy about the part of town you stay in.Booking two months in advance,the che

18、apest room at Travelodges Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was 95.95.A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was 75.75.And at Farringdon,a double room cost just 62.95.（2013湘）湘）“Farringdon”in Paragraph 5 is most probably _.A.a hotel away from the train stati

19、on B.the tube line to Covent Garden C.an ideal holiday destination D.the name of a travel agency2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语段练习】3.A child of the Depression(大大萧萧条条),Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.Starting with her college education,she has f

20、ought for everything shes ever accomplished.Perri,on the other hand,grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.For Sheila,wasting time or money is a crime,and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury,but has not been successful at trying to persua

21、de her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.（2013鄂）鄂）The word“luxury”in Paragraph 3 means _.A.something rare but not pleasant B.something that cannot be imagined C.something expensive but not necessary D.something that can only be enjoyed by boy2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语段练习】

22、4.Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions(使命使命)often work very long days.Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the days work.This type of scheduled is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station(ISS).ISS crew members usually live in space

23、for at least a quarter of a year.They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible.（2012辽辽）What does the word“minic”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Find B.Copy C.Change D.Lose2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语段练习】5.Every writer starts off know

24、ing that he has something to say,but being unable to find the right ways to say it.He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with,or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world.（2010川）川）The underlined word “voice”in th

25、e second paragraph most probably means“_”Aan idea Ba sound quality Ca way of writing Da world to write about2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲应 用 与 检 测 【语段练习】6.When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say,“Well，its soandsos fault.”or“I know Im late，but its not my fault；the car broke down.”It is pr

26、obably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser.You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation.However，you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start

27、 focusing on how to remedy the situation.This is the winners key to success.（2010粤）粤）The word“remedy”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A.avoid B.accept C.improve D.consider2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲THE KEYS 2023/2/27湘乡市第三中学周洪敦 主讲阅读理解之词义猜测三字经阅读理解之词义猜测三字经看看 定定 义义找找 关关 系系读读 例例 子子锁锁 两两 句句同同 近近 反反断断 词词 义义GOOD-BYE