语法满分冲刺6：非谓语动词易错点总结（2）.docx

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1、非谓语动词易错点总结（ 2） 非谓语动词易错点总结 1. 加不定式 /动名词做宾语的动词 2. 动词不定式主动表被动的形式 （不定式动作的承受者和执行者） 3. 见 to 不一定是不定式，也可能是介词 4. 动名词的复合结构 5. 常用的系表结构 6. 动名词和现在分词作定语的区别 7. to be done, being done, done 做定语的区别 8. 独立主格结构 /with 的复合结构 9. 分词做状语，勿偷换主语 10. 能加非谓语动词做宾补的动词和宾补的形式 易错点 6：动名词和现在分词作定语的区别 动名词做定语：表示用途和性质。 现在分词做定语：与所修饰名词间有主谓关系，

2、 强调动作进行性 。 例 : a sleeping boy (a boy who is sleeping) a sleeping bag (a bag for sleeping) a waiting car (a car which is waiting) a waiting room (a room for waiting) 【例 1】（ 2013 上海） Sophia got an e-mail her credit card account number. A. asking for B. ask for C. asked for D. having asked for 1 易错点 7：

3、 to be done, being done, done 做定语的区别 being done 强调正在被进行的动作 例 : The meeting being held now is important. done 强调被动或已经完成的动作 例 : The meeting held yesterday was important. to be done 强调一个将要被进行的动作 例 : The meeting to be held tomorrow is important. 【例 2】（ 2012 重庆） Were having a meeting in half an hour. The

4、 decision at the meeting will influence in the future of our company. A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 【例 3】（ 2011湖南） The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 易错点 8：独立主格结构 /w

5、ith 的复合结构 特征 ：逻辑主语与句子主语不同 特征 ：逻辑主语和它后面的分词、形容词、介词短语等 成分存在主谓或动宾关系。 技巧：如果非谓语多做不是主语干的，谁干的把谁加上。 2 1. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 2. I saw deep pools, the water blue like the sky. 3. We divide the work, he to clean the windows and I to sweep the floor. 4. He came out of the lib

6、rary, a large book under his arm. 用 “ with/without+名词 /代词 +宾补 ” 结构替换独立主格 1. Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. = 2. I saw deep pools, the water blue like the sky. = 3. We divide the work, he to clean the windows and I to sweep the floor. = 4. He came out of the library, a large

7、book under his arm. = 【例 4】（ 2012 新课标） The party will be held in the garden, weather . A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 【例 5】（ 2007 重庆） The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 3 【例 6】（ 2011浙

8、江） Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years. A. having B had C. have D. to have 【例 7】（ 2005 江西） and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With n

9、o hope for cure C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure 易错点 9：分词做状语，勿偷换主语 判断正误： (1) To master a foreign language, a lot of practice is needed. (2) To master a foreign language, one must have a lot of practice. 判断正误： (3) Entering the room, I found the walls newly-painted. (4) Entering the

10、 room, the first thing that met eyes was the newly-painted walls. 4 判断正误： (5) Written in haste, he made some mistakes in the letter. (6) Written in haste, the letter had some mistakes. (7) Badly wounded, we sent the soldier to hospital at once. (8) Badly wounded the soldier was sent to hospital at o

11、nce. 【例 8】（ 2012 重庆） to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked 【例 9】（ 2012 江苏） an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 【例 10】（ 2012 福建

12、） Pressed from his parents, and that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized 5 【例 11】 易错点 10：能加非谓语动词做宾补的动词 many times, he still didnt understand it. A. Having been told B. Though to be told C. Having tol

13、d D. He was told many times, but he still didnt understand it. A. Having been told B. Though he was told C. To have been told D. He was told 和宾补的形式 (1) 接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有： want somebody to do 想让某人做某事 ask somebody to do 请某人做某事 wish somebody to do 希望某人做某事 tell somebody to do 告诉某人做某事 teach someb

14、ody to do 教某人做某事 encourage somebody to do 鼓励某人做某事 warn somebody to do 警告某人做某事 advise somebody to do 建议某人做某事 order somebody to do 命令某人做某事 force somebody to do 强迫某人做某事 like somebody to do 喜欢某人做某事 allow somebody to do 允许某人做某事 beg somebody to 乞求某人做某事 cause somebody to do 导致某人做某事 expect somebody to do 期望

15、某人做某事 invite somebody to do 邀请某人做某事 forbid somebody to do 禁止某人做某事 require somebody to do 要求某人做某事 persuade somebody to do 说服某人做某事 (2) 接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有： 6 动词含义 举例 表感觉、心理状态 see, watch, observe, notice, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, think 表 “ 使让 ” make, get, have, leave, keep 表命令、希望、要求

16、 want, order, wish, like 【例 12】（ 2012 四川） I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 【例 13】（ 2013 安徽） When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked 【例 14】（ 2

17、013 陕西） Let those in need that we will go all out to help them. A. to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood 7 做宾补的形式 宾补的动作情况 宾语与宾补 的逻辑关系 do 动作完成或结果 主动 doing 正在进行或持续 主动 being done 正在进行或持续 被动 done 动作完成、状态，或 动作的全过程 被动 斐斐点睛 非谓语动词易错点（一） 非谓语动词易错点（二） 6. 动名词和现在分词作定语的区别 7. to be done, being done, done 做定语的区别 8. 独立主格结构 /with 的复合结构 9. 分词做状语，勿偷换主语 10. 能加非谓语动词做宾补的动词和宾补的形式 1. 加不定式 /动名词做宾语的动词 2. 动词不定式主动表被动的形式 （不定式动作的承受者和执行者） 3. 见 to 不一定是不定式，也可能是介词 4. 动名词的复合结构 5. 常用的系表结构 8