初三英语二轮复习-介词.ppt

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1、中考英语复习中考英语复习二二轮轮专专项项介词介词初三备课组初三备课组介词一般用在名词、名词词组或者相当于名词介词一般用在名词、名词词组或者相当于名词词组的结构前，构成介词短语。词组的结构前，构成介词短语。介词短语可以在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾介词短语可以在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。语补足语。一、介词的功能一、介词的功能The boy over there is Johns brother.The girl will be back in two hours.Our English teacher is from Australia.He left his pen on the de

2、sk at home.定语定语状语状语表语表语宾语补足语宾语补足语二、介词的分类二、介词的分类1.表示时间的介词表示时间的介词2.表示地点的介词表示地点的介词3.位移介词位移介词4.其他介词其他介词at,in,on,after,before,during,over,from,for,since,until,by etc.in,on,to,over,above,between,blow,under,etc.as/like(表比较表比较),for(表原因或目的表原因或目的),to/with/without(表结果表结果),by/in/with(表手段或方式表手段或方式),of/with(表所属表所

3、属),except(表除去表除去),about/on(表关于表关于)past,across,through,etc.时间介词辨析时间介词辨析1(in,on,at)at:钟点钟点,饭时饭时,正午正午/午夜午夜,年龄年龄,节日节日 at six oclock,at lunchtime,at noon,at the age of 15 at Christmas 但但 on Christmas Dayon:1)星期几星期几,具体日期具体日期,具体某一天的某个时候具体某一天的某个时候 on Sunday,on 10th November,on Saturday morning on the evenin

4、g of May 1st on a cold winter dayin:1)一天当中的某个时候一天当中的某个时候,月，季，年月，季，年 in the morning,in June,in Autumn,in 1990三、易混淆的介词三、易混淆的介词1.I often get up early _ the morning,but _ Sunday morning,I get up late.2.My father likes telling us something about his work _ supper.inonat时间介词辨析时间介词辨析2(since,for,from,by)后接过

5、去的后接过去的时间点时间点，主句用，主句用完成时完成时后接后接时间段时间段，主句用，主句用完成时完成时说明动作说明动作开始的时间开始的时间，1.I have been interested in making model plane _ the age of eight.2.We have learnt 3000 words _ the end of this term.3.He started work _ eight oclock.4.He has worked _ eight oclock.sincefromfor后接时间后接时间点点，跟过去的时间点则用一般，跟过去的时间点则用一般过去时

6、，跟将来的时间点用一般将来时，过去时，跟将来的时间点用一般将来时，by now 用现在完成时，用现在完成时，since,for,from,byby时间介词辨析时间介词辨析3(fromto,between and.,not until,during)fromto，从从到到 between and.，在在和和之间之间not until，直到直到才才during，跟跟一段时间一段时间，在在期间期间1.He didnt see his uncle _ 7:45 last night.2.He was doing his lessons _ 7 and 9 last night.3.There is a

7、 cartoon programme _ 6:30 to 7:00 in the evening.4._ the past years,he has worked hard at English.untilbetweenfromDuring1.He came back _ half an hour.2.Lucy will go out _ half an hour.3.They will visit her _ Friday.4.Our teacher will be back three months _.5.Frank,when will the short meeting begin?-

8、You should come _ 2:30.If you come 10 minutes _ that time,the meeting will be over.时间介词辨析时间介词辨析4(in,after,later)afterinafterlaterin+一段时间一段时间（用于（用于一般将来时一般将来时）after+一段时间一段时间（用于（用于一般过去时一般过去时）after+点时间点时间（常用于（常用于一般将来时一般将来时）一段时间一段时间+later atafter1.Li Lei lives two floors _ Dick.2.Eddie jumped _ the chair

9、 just now.3.The radio says the weather will fall _ zero.4.The old man sat _ the big tree to have a rest.地点介词辨析地点介词辨析(over,above,below,under)above,在在上面上面(楼层楼层),反义词反义词belowover,在在垂直上方，垂直上方，(桥桥)正上方正上方,反义词反义词underaboveoverbelowunder位移介词位移介词(across,through,past)across 从表面穿过从表面穿过 through 从内部穿过从内部穿过past 经过

10、经过,路过路过1.Its rather a tough hike to walk _ the desert within 3 days.2.Look!There is a train going _ the tunnel quickly.3.She went _the post office on her way home.4.People along the streets were all cheering when the Olympic torch passed _ the city.acrossthroughpastthroughgo/walk across=crossgo/walk

11、 past=pass1.When he past the building,he saw a lot of smoke from the building.2.Dont across the roads when the lights are red.3.改错past passedDont across Dont cross其他介词其他介词(except,including,beyond)except 除除.之外之外,其余都其余都including 包含包含 包括包括 beyond 超越超越 1.The book includes 40 stories,_ the story of Xi Wa

12、ng.2.Mr.Lin gave the textbook to all the students _ ones who had already taken them.3.3.Sorry,Madam.Youd better come tomorrow because its _ visiting hours.includingexceptbeyond1.You can improve English _ reading more.2.He wrote the letter _ a pen.3.He talked to his father _ the phone.4.They talked _

13、 a loud voice.5.You must say that _ English.in+材料、声音、语言材料、声音、语言 with+工具、器官工具、器官 by+方法、手段方法、手段 on/over+媒介媒介withbyinon/overin表示表示“用用”的介词的介词(in,with,by,on,over)1.for buy sth.for sb.provide sth.for sb.use for doingWhat for?for a long timebe good/bad forIts+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.四、常用介词的搭配四、常用介词的搭配look f

14、or 寻找寻找thanks for 感谢感谢ask for 请求请求pay for 付款付款wait for 等待等待leave for 动身去动身去be used for 被用来做被用来做be late for 迟到迟到be/get ready for 为为作好准备作好准备 be famous for 因因而有名而有名 be happy/satisfied/pleased with 对满意对满意 be filled with=be full of 装满装满 be strict with sb.对严格要求对严格要求 be charged with 被指控被指控 be angry with 生某

15、人的气生某人的气 be attacked with 被袭击被袭击 agree/disagree with sb.不同意不同意 get on/along with 与某人相处融洽与某人相处融洽 with a smile on ones face 面带微笑面带微笑play with 和和玩玩make friends with 和和交友交友 do/deal with 处理，对付处理，对付2.with3.byby spacecraft 乘乘(交通工具交通工具)by the sea 在在 附近附近 by developing plants 借助借助/通通过方式方式 work is done by rob

16、ots.被被(被被动语态)By the year 2100,在在来来临之之际/前前by the end of 到到为止止 be afraid of（怕）（怕）be away from（不在某地）（不在某地）be different from（与（与不同）不同）be good at（善于）（善于）be interested in（对（对感兴趣）感兴趣）be worried about（为（为感到担忧）感到担忧）另：另：devoteto look forward to pay attention to 五、其他易考的与介词相关词组五、其他易考的与介词相关词组注意：此处的to 是介词六、易错点：1.

17、After you _ home,do your homework first.A.get to B.arrive in C.arrive at D.get到达到达:get to/arrive in+小地点小地点arrive at+大地点大地点/reach但但home,here,there 是副词是副词 介词省略介词省略2.My coat is made _ cotton.Wine is made _ rice.offrombe made of 材料可看出材料可看出 be made from.材料看不出来材料看不出来3.Its generous _ you to donate a lot of

18、 money _ Project Hope.A.for,to B.of,to C.of,for D.of,to4.I think _ necessary _ us to listen to the teacher carefully.A.that,of B.it,of C.that,for D.it,forIts adj.of sb.to do adj.是描述是描述人的性格和品质人的性格和品质 Its adj.for sb.to do adj.描述所做描述所做事情的事情的好坏等好坏等性质性质5.-What do you often do _ classes to relax yourself?

19、-Listen to music.A.over B.among C.between D.in6.In the UK,smoking kills about 114,000 people each year.300 people die every day because of smoking and _ them many are young smokers.A.among B.between C.from D.inamong,三者三者(及三者以上及三者以上)之间之间between,两者之间两者之间7.Shanghai lies _ the east of China and _ the no

20、rtheast of Guangdong.8.Shandong lies _ the southeast of Heibei Province.intoonin,范围之内；范围之内；on,接壤；接壤；to,范围之外范围之外9.We will have a party _ next week.next,last,this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,one,every,all,the day before yesterday,the day after,tomorrow 前不用介词前不用介词1.He can improve his spoken English by _(re

21、ad)a lot.2.I got up late this morning.I came to school without _(have)breakfast.3.The boy is crazy about _(play)computer games.4.They are fond of _(listen)to music.readinghavingplayinglistening介词介词+V-ing1.Marie Curie,the first woman to win the Nobel Prize,was born _ November,1867,in the city of Wars

22、aw in Poland.(10 南京南京)A.at B.on C.in D.to2.Scientists say it may be a few years _ it possible to test the new medicine on patients.(10无锡无锡)A.because B.after C.before D.since3.Many students didnt realize the importance of study _ they left school.(10盐城盐城)A.when B.until C.as D.after4.Kids _(低于低于)5 yea

23、rs old cant play with this kind of toy.(10常州常州)点击中考点击中考 介词专项介词专项under2011年中考指导介词专项年中考指导介词专项 P15-16一一 1.at 2.on 3.at,in 4.On 5.in 6.in 7.since 8.from,to 9.During/In 10.until二二 1.on 2.in 3.under 4.near/by 5.between 6.in the front of 7.among 8.in 9.around 10.opposite三三 1.in 2.on 3.in 4.except 5.about 6.in 7.by 8.at 9.on 10.with,on 11.of 12.at,on 13.at,after 14.In 15.in front of 16.with 17.from 18.on 19.in 20.of四四 1-5 ABDDA 6-8 DDD2011年中考指导介词专项年中考指导介词专项 P15-16