必修三Unit2语法辅导课件-Modalverbs[课件].ppt

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1、There are things that _ be doneThat are not yet begunThings that I _ doWhen I want to be with youAlthough we _ be far apartYou _ be with be in my heartNo one else _ doI just want to be with youmustmustwillwillwillI want to be with you _ you hear me?I need you near meI want to be with youI need you n

2、ear me,my loveCantThe two of us _ be oneMother of my son No one else _ doI just want to be with you I want to be with you_ you hear me?I need you near meI want to be with youI need you near me,my lovewillmustCanDiscoveringusefulstructures-ModalVerbsFunctions of Modal Verbs(p5)AbilityAdviceAgreementG

3、uessingPast habitNecessityPermissionPossibilityPredictionPromiseRequest(1)表示能力表示能力(ability)Can you speak Japanese?She could play the piano when she was 6.*be able to tense gain through hard work The girl will be able to speak English well in a few months.I could swim when I was only 6.1.can/could(2)

4、表示允许表示允许(许可或请求许可）许可或请求许可）(permission/request)-Can/CouldIgonow?-Youcangonow,buthecant.I am politeWhen you ask,I am When you ask,I am the one you wantthe one you wantrequestrequestpermissionpermission(3)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性（肯定句）表示理论上或习惯上的可能性（肯定句）E.g.1 It can be quite cold here in winter.E.g.2 Accidents can h

5、appen at any time.E.g.3 It could be very exciting to go out for a drive.possibility(4)推测（推测（guessing）（）（can限于否定句，限于否定句，疑问句，疑问句，could不受此限）不受此限）E.g.A:Someone is coming!Who can it be?B:It could be John.C:It cant be him.B:Well.It couldnt be him.I am politeConclusion 1Can/could(1)表示能力表示能力(ability)(2)表示允许

6、表示允许(许可或请求许可许可或请求许可)(3)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性表示理论上或习惯上的可能性(肯定句肯定句)(4)推测推测(guessing)（can限于否定句，疑限于否定句，疑问句，问句，could不受此限）不受此限）could可表示能力或可能性，多用于过去，也可可表示能力或可能性，多用于过去，也可指现在，通常表示虚拟或作为指现在，通常表示虚拟或作为can的委婉形式。的委婉形式。Tips 1.惯用形式惯用形式“cannot too”表示表示“无无论怎么论怎么也不（过分）也不（过分）”。如：。如：You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。你越小心越好。2.惯用形式

7、惯用形式“cannot but+不定式（不带不定式（不带to）”表示表示“不得不，只好不得不，只好”。如：。如：I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。我不得不钦佩你的决心。2.may/might(1)表示请求、许可表示请求、许可(requestorpermission)-May/MightIaskyouaquestion?-Yes,youmay./Yes,youcan./Yes,please.-No,youcant./No,youmustnt.I am politeIf you must ask,well,do not choose“

8、might”.(2)表示愿望表示愿望(wish)May you be happy all your life.May God bless you!May you succeed.May sb(verb)!(3)表示推测表示推测(possibility),多用于肯定句多用于肯定句和否定句和否定句might比比may可能性更小可能性更小It may/may not be true.He might/might not come today.Conclusion 2may/might(1)表示请求、许可表示请求、许可(requestorpermission)(2)表示愿望表示愿望(wish)(3)表

9、示推测表示推测(possibility),多用于肯定句和否定多用于肯定句和否定句，句，might比比may可能性更小可能性更小Tips惯用句式：“mayaswell或或might(just)aswell+动词原形动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于“hadbetter”.1.You mayaswell tell us now,well find out sooner or later.2.There is nothing to do,so I mayaswell go to bed.3.will/would(1)表示请求、建议等表示请求、建议等(request，advice etc)

10、Will you help me with my English?Would you pass me the book?I am polite(2)表示意志，愿望，决心等。表示意志，愿望，决心等。（willingness）will表示现在的意愿表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿表示过去的意愿Gowhereyouwill.SheaskedifIwouldgowiththem.Iwillneverdothatagain.NomatterwhatIsaid,hewontlistentome.不乐意，不肯不乐意，不肯(3)表示习惯表示习惯,倾向性倾向性,固有性质。固有性质。will表示现在的习惯

11、，表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习表示过去的习惯惯(=usedtodo)。Oil will float on water.Every day he will sit there doing nothing.When he was a child,he would often go skiing.*used to doHe usd to live in Paris,but now he lives in Beijing.(4)表示功能。表示功能。“能，行能，行”Thedoorwontopen.Thepenwontwrite.Conclusion 3will/would(1)表示请求、建议等

12、表示请求、建议等(request，advice etc)(2)表示意志，愿望，决心等（表示意志，愿望，决心等（willingness）。）。will表示现在的意愿表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿表示过去的意愿(3)表示习惯表示习惯,倾向性倾向性,固有性质。固有性质。will表示现表示现在的习惯，在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯表示过去的习惯(=used to do)。(4)表示功能。表示功能。“能，行能，行”4.1 shall(1)用于第一、第三人称，表征求对方用于第一、第三人称，表征求对方意见或请示意见或请示(advice，permission)Shall we go out an

13、d have a picnic?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?shall(2)用于第二、第三人称，表用于第二、第三人称，表说话人说话人的命令、的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等强烈意志和决心警告、允诺、威胁等强烈意志和决心(determination)You shall fail if you dont work harder.He shall have the book when I finish reading.Dont go anywhere else without my permission.You shall go with me.

14、警告警告warning允诺允诺promise命令命令orderTip（2）*表表示示强强制制，用用于于法法令令、条条约约、规规章章中中，意为意为“必须，应该必须，应该”。1.Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.试卷完全收回后，应试人才能离开座位。2.And she will bring forth a Son,and you shall call His name JESUS,for He will save His people from their sins.她将要生

15、一个儿子，你要给他起名叫耶稣，因他要将自己的百姓从罪恶里救出来。（from Bible）Conclusion 4(1)用于第一、第三人称，表征求对方用于第一、第三人称，表征求对方意见或请示意见或请示(advice，permission)(2)用于第二、第三人称，表用于第二、第三人称，表说话人说话人的的命令、警告、允诺、威胁等强烈意志命令、警告、允诺、威胁等强烈意志和决心和决心(determination)（2）*表表示示强强制制，用用于于法法令令、条条约约、规规章中，意为章中，意为“必须，应该必须，应该”。4.2should(1)表劝告、建议、命令表劝告、建议、命令(advice，order)

16、（=ought to）You sould go to the class right now.should(2)表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩（emotion）Its a pity that he should leave so soon.I dont know why you should think that I did it.疑问句，感叹句中疑问句，感叹句中How should I know?Why should you be so rude today?should(3)表婉转语气（表婉转语气（politeness），与），与say，think，advise等

17、搭配等搭配I should advise you not to do that.I should say your homework is not satisfying enough.should(4)表推测表推测,”应该，很可能应该，很可能”Its 5 oclock.The dinner should be ready.They should have arrived by now.Conclusion 5Should(1)表劝告、建议、命令表劝告、建议、命令(advice，order)（=ought to）(2)表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩表惋惜、忧虑、诧异等感情色彩（emotion）(3

18、)表婉转语气（表婉转语气（politeness），与），与say，think，advise等搭配等搭配(4)表推测表推测,”应该，可能应该，可能”5.must(1)表示表示“必须，应该必须，应该”之意之意(necessity)，语气语气比比should，oughtto强烈强烈。mustnt表示表示“不准，不应不准，不应该，禁止该，禁止”等意等意1.Everybody must obey the law.2.You mustnt drive so fast in the street.mustnt-Must I stand here talking to you?-Yes,_-No,_you m

19、ustyou neednt/you dont have tomust*have toI must do my homework now.I have to do my homework every day.1.The film is not interesting.I really must go now.2.I have to go now,because my mother is in hospital.must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而表示的是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则往往强调客观需要。则往往强调客观需要。haveto涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化

20、形式。形式。dont have to vs mustnte.g.1 You dont have to do all the housework.e.g.2 You mustnt park your car in this area.Its dangerous.must(2)意为意为”偏偏偏偏“，”非要非要“，多指令，多指令人不快的事人不快的事The car must break down when everything did not go well.-How old are you,madam?-If you must know,Im twice my sons age.(3)表有把握的推测

21、表有把握的推测,”一定，准是一定，准是”-Listen!The rat must be biting the wall.Now There must be a hole in the wall.-Oh,no!The food is mising!The rat must have come into the room!“应该应该”，只有一种形式，只有一种形式，to不能省略不能省略。oughtto没有人称和数的变化，可以表示没有人称和数的变化，可以表示现在、现在、将来或过去将来或过去将来，由将来，由时间状语或上下文时间状语或上下文决定。决定。Theyoughttocometomorrow.Het

22、houghtthattheyoughttotakepartinthedesign.6.oughttoought的否定形式由直接加的否定形式由直接加not构成，疑问式构成，疑问式将将ought提到句首构成。提到句首构成。Heoughtnottodoit.=Heoughtnttodoit.Oughtwetodoitatonce?在反意疑问句里，下面两种形式都可以：在反意疑问句里，下面两种形式都可以：Heoughttobehere,shouldnthe?Heoughttobehere,oughtnthe?(1)意为意为”应该应该”，表示责任、义务表示责任、义务、劝告、建议、命令，与劝告、建议、命令，

23、与should意义相近，意义相近，但但oughtto语气强烈。语气强烈。反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定时一反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定时一般用般用oughttoYoung people should learn how to use computers.Every citizen ought to obey law.According to the law,you ought to help him get a good education as you are his father.(2)表猜测，表猜测，“应该应该”，“理应理应”He must be home by now.(断定他已

24、到家断定他已到家)He ought to be home by now.(不十分肯定不十分肯定)This is where the oil must be.(比比较较直率直率)This is where the oil ought to be.(比比较较含蓄含蓄)need和和dare情态动词，主要用于否定句和疑问句。情态动词，主要用于否定句和疑问句。实义动词，各种句式。实义动词，各种句式。情态动词情态动词+V原原1)needYouneednttelephonehimnow.NeedItelephonehimnow?2)dareShedarenotgooutaloneatnight.Howdar

25、eyousayImunfair?7.dare&needDare you tell her the truth?Yes,_.No,_.IdareIdarent用作实义动词用作实义动词1)needYoudontneedtodoityourself.Doyouneedtodoityourself?Ajoblikenursingneedspatienceandunderstanding.*needdoing=needtobedone2)dareOnlyafewjournalistsdaredtocoverthestory.Hedidnotdare(to)lookup.(肯定句中肯定句中daretodo

26、,否定句中可以否定句中可以省略省略to)Idaresayhellcomeagain.（Idaresay为固定习语为固定习语）注意对注意对need问句的回答问句的回答:-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.youmustyouneedntyoudonthavetoneednt对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.-No,you_.needntdonthavetoneedntdonthaveto情态动词的语法特征情态动词

27、的语法特征1.情态动词有一定的意义，表示或暗示某种情绪或情态动词有一定的意义，表示或暗示某种情绪或2.态度，表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、态度，表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。能力等。2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即不随主语的不情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即不随主语的不同而变化。同而变化。3.情态动词不能独立使用，必须和实义动词一起构情态动词不能独立使用，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。成谓语。4.情态动词除情态动词除ought和和have外，后面只能接不带外，后面只能接不带to的的不定式。不定式。5.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、

28、分词等形式。等形式。情态动词情态动词+havedone用法用法1遗憾，责备（遗憾，责备（虚拟）虚拟）1.could/mighthavedone本能做而没有做本能做而没有做Ifyouwerenotlazy,youcouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.2.would have done3.should have done/ought to have done(后者语气更强烈)4 neednt have done情态动词情态动词+havedone用法用法2表推测表推测1.can/couldhavedone(疑问句、疑问句、否定句否定句)Wherecan/couldtheyhave

29、gone?Youseemtotallyataloss.Youcant/couldnthavepreviewedthelessonyesterday.2.may/mighthavedonep10（2）3.wouldhavedone对过去情况的猜测对过去情况的猜测Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabout20whenshewroteherfirstpoet.4.musthavedonep10（4）表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测must 对将来对将来对现在对现在对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may,mightcant,couldntcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing