全国高考英语语法填空专项复习 (2).ppt

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1、全国高考英全国高考英语语法填法填空空专项复复习考纲解读考纲解读一篇一篇200字左右的短文或字左右的短文或对话,话题贴近学近学生生活。生生活。能力考能力考查：理解理解语篇、句子篇、句子结构、构、运用运用语法、法、单词短短语空格空格类型型有提示有提示词无提示无提示词2014-2016全国卷语法填空知识点分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷名词changespaintingsabilityattractiondaysachievementstudiesdevelopment形容词cleaner amazingpatientdisappointedn

2、aturalgreater副词actuallysuddenlybeforeregularlyslowlyofficiallyregularlygradually时态语态主谓一致wascaughtarrivedisgoeswas allowedisbemadewere非谓语toreducebeing/to stop/ridingconductedlivingbuilt/usingtocoolpermittedintroducingtobringtocreateusing代词meitsits冠词thethethea介词tobyattoonwith连词orandand从句that定语that定语Ho

3、w宾语When定语when状语Who定语短语搭配asas特殊句式Did疑问make祈使2017一卷2017二卷2017三卷2018一卷2018二卷2018三卷名词effectscrowdsintroductioneducationinvitationscausespollutionscientist形容词worsecarefulsuccessfullonger/energeticgloballoudest副词fairlycertainlyactually时态语态主谓一致areremovediswereusedmanagedwastoldcomesishasgrownstartedmeant非谓

4、语toprocesseatinglayingrestingtoprovetosee/dying/tostrengthentoimprovefeedinglooking/tostay/challenged代词ititthem冠词atheathethe介词asfrominthanthanfor从句which定who定that定which定which定根据上表，我根据上表，我们知道，知道，语法填空的考点或法填空的考点或考考查内容是：内容是：(1)纯空格空格题：通常考通常考_ 等四等四类词。一个空格只能填。一个空格只能填 个个单词(2)有提示有提示词题型：型：通常考通常考 _、_、_、_等。一个空格可

5、以填等。一个空格可以填_个个单词 冠冠词、介、介词、连词和代和代词一动词形容形容词和副和副词的比的比较等等级词性性转换一到两一到两名名词3.3.the head of the village was tying up his horse to the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to my car to pull it to small town some 20 small town some 20 kilometers away.kilometers away.4.I still rememb

6、er taking _ visiting friend 4.I still remember taking _ visiting friend from from CanadaCanada to a local Black Country pub to a local Black Country pub(酒店酒店酒店酒店)for lunch.for lunch.考点一：冠词考点一：冠词 名词之前名词之前1.There once were a goat There once were a goat(山羊山羊山羊山羊)and a donkeyand a donkey(驴驴).So.So the f

7、armer killed _ goat and gave the the farmer killed _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.donkey medicine made from its heart.2.When I see a child subject to2.When I see a child subject to(受到受到受到受到)this kind of this kind of pressure,I think of Donnie.He was _ shy,pressure,I think of

8、 Donnie.He was _ shy,nervous perfectionistnervous perfectionist(完美主完美主完美主完美主义义者者者者).).thea考查语法点考查语法点:定冠词定冠词,不定冠词的用法不定冠词的用法考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析aa a无提示无提示词1.The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most modern of architects and engineers.2.Now years la

9、ter,this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.3.The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,other is with mum.4.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _while.5.Janes grandmother had wanted to writ

10、e a childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in_way.高考真高考真题 the theaa the6.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover_top.7.As_result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.8.Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas_modelinNewYork.9.C

11、ornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_past25years.10.Imface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat_topofherlungs.高考真高考真题 the theaa the下列情况很可能填下列情况很可能填 ：(1)_+可数可数n.(单数数)；(2)_+形容形容词+可数可数n.(单数数)。下列情况下很可能填下列情况下很可能填 ：(1)_(+形容形容词)+n.+of等介等介词短短语 (表示特指表示特指)；(2)_(+形容形容词)+n.+定定语从句从句(表示特指表示特指)；(3)_(+形

12、容形容词)+n.+不定式短不定式短语或分或分词短短语 (表示特指表示特指)考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析不定冠不定冠词定冠定冠词解题技巧解题技巧考点二：考点二：介词介词(1)(1)介词介词+宾语（名词）宾语（名词）(2)(2)不及物动词不及物动词+介词介词+宾语宾语1.In short,I believe that it is _ great use to keep 1.In short,I believe that it is _ great use to keep a dairy in Englisha dairy in English2.When I took the money fr

13、om her grandparents,I 2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked back _the girl,who was giving me the looked back _the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.3.She found some good quality pipes3.She found som

14、e good quality pipes_ _ sale.sale.4.He was very tired 4.He was very tired _doing this for a whole doing this for a whole dayday ofofatat考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析ononfromfrom无提示无提示词：注意固定搭配注意固定搭配be tired from be tired from 因因因因 厌厌倦倦倦倦1.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback_mydays

15、onaTVshowinthemid-1980s,2.Mostofusaremorefocused_ourtasksinthemorning.3.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat_theirhands.4.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,itsonlyanhouraway_car.5.Igotaplacenext_thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.6.Sheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfulltimetogetadegree_engineeringorarc

16、hitecture.toon with by 高考真高考真题 to in6._thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight7.Astheytravelledtoand_work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.8.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）_amethodoffightingheartdisease.9.Thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife

17、_walking,cyclingorswimming.10.Cornuseslesswater_riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.11.Iwassearching_thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasIdobserving.from At 高考真高考真题 as than than for当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。因为名词和代词最典型的用法是在句中作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，那就是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。具体填什

18、么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容词与介词的句式搭配来决定。解题技巧解题技巧考点三：考点三：代词代词(1)(1)作主作主语用主格，作用主格，作宾语用用宾格格,注意注意形容形容词词性性和和名名词性物主代性物主代词的区的区别。(2)(2)指示代指示代词,不定代不定代词、反身代、反身代词等等考查语法点考查语法点:代词的基本用法代词的基本用法考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析1.She remembered how difficult 1.She remembered how difficult _was to choose a was to choose a sui

19、table Christmas present for her father.suitable Christmas present for her father.2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my 2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I

20、 had caused _.woman for the trouble I had caused _.3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has 3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again:a smilemade _ want to say it again:a smile itherhermeme无提示无提示词1.Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-old

21、twinthathadbeenrejectedby_(it)mother.2.IdbeenathomeinHongKong,with_(it)chokingsmog.3.Awomanonthebusshouted,“Oh,dear!Its_(I).”Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully.4.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing_everyday.5.Ifyouareti

22、mepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive_atry.6.its its me WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind_(they)alive.it it them 无提示无提示词：代：代词在句子中作在句子中作主主语或或宾语时，通常填，通常填代代词，包括，包括1.人称代人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等等)、2.指示代指示代词(it/this等等)、3.不定代不定代词(

23、something/anything等等)、4.名名词性物主代性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers等等)、5.疑疑问代代词(which/who等等)、6.反身代反身代词(不能作主不能作主语)(myself/yourself等等)在在名名词前作定前作定语就就只能用形容只能用形容词性物主代性物主代词(my/your/his/her等等)。考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析解题技巧解题技巧考点四：连词或考点四：连词或从句引导词从句引导词两个主谓结构连接两个主谓结构连接 1.Historically,it was famous for industry,which Historically

24、,it was famous for industry,which explains_the area is called the Black Country.explains_the area is called the Black Country.2.It got its name during the industrial revolution,2.It got its name during the industrial revolution,_ factory pollution turned the local skies black _ factory pollution tur

25、ned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.color.3.Jane paused in front of a counter(3.Jane paused in front of a counter(柜台柜台柜台柜台)_ some)_ some attractive ties were on display.attractive ties were on displ

26、ay.4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would 4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up(pluck up(拔起拔起拔起拔起)all of his crop a few inches.)all of his crop a few inches.whywhywhenwhen考查语法点考查语法点:各类复合句中连词各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法引导词的用法考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析wherewherethatthat无提示无提示词连词和引和引导词高考真高考真题1.(2016全国全国

27、I)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,_I was the first Western TV reporter.2.(2016全国全国)Over time,_the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.3.(2016全国全国)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Co

28、nfucius,_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.4.(2015全国全国I)Id skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists.5.(2015全国全国II)As natural architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe wall

29、s needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.whenwhen/as whowhich/thathow6.(2014全国全国I)Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy.7.(2016江苏）江苏）Many young people,most of_were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.8.(2016江苏江苏)It is often the case_ anything is po

30、ssible for those who hang on to hope._ is often the case,anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.9.(2017全国全国I)It is possible to have too much of both,_is not good for the health.which/thatthatwhomAswhich10.(2017全国)Sarah,_hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrains.11

31、.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014_showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdisease.12.Between2005-whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogram_givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers.13.Imnotsure_ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenly

32、appearsoutofnowhere.14.Manywesterners_cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountries.whowhichwhichwhichwho15.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,_someofthemlookedveryanxious.16.Butriverwasntchangedinafewdays_evenafewmonths.17.InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Kore

33、a,_Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.andorand解解题技巧技巧考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析解题技巧解题技巧并列句和复合句并列句和复合句并列句：并列句：简单句句并列并列连词简单句句复合句：复合句：主句（主主句（主谓宾）从句从句（连接接词主主谓）两个或几个两个或几个简单句之句之间若不用句号或若不用句号或分号，就分号，就必必须要用要用连词，否，否则，句子，句子的的结构就不完整。构就不完整。考点五：谓考点五：谓语动词语动词 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构1.I was certain she would like it

34、 because I _ 1.I was certain she would like it because I _(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(2.His fear of failure _(keep)him from 2.His fear of failure _(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with classroom games that ot

35、her children played with joyous abandon.joyous abandon.3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often 3.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result)in the contrary to our intention._(result)in the contrary to our intention.was told was told keptkept考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及

36、主谓一致及主谓一致考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析resultsresults1.Itwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase.I_(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimals.2.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow_(be)oftenacceptable.3.Whateveritis,_(make)sureitsarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.4.

37、Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand_(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.5.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight_(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.高考真高考真题 was allowedwas allowed isis makemakewerewere be madebe made6.ItwasraininglightlywhenI_(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.7.Forthosewhofl

38、ytoGuilin,itsonlyanhourawaybycar.Yangshuo_(be)reallybeautiful.8.Thiscycle_(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenight.9.In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It_(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.10.Aboyonabike_(catch)myattention.Hewasri

39、dingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.高考真高考真题 arrivedarrived isis goesgoes waswas caughtcaught 高考真高考真题 were usedwere used 11.When all those had been done,the road surface was replaced.Steam engines _(use)to pull the carriages12.Later,engineers_(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels.13.Whenfata

40、ndsalt_(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.14.Fastfood_(be)fulloffatandsalt;15.Sarah_(tell)thatshecouldbeBritainsnewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.16.MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school_(come)first.managedmanaged are removedare removed isis was told

41、was told comescomes 高考真高考真题 17.Whilerunningregularlycantmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit_(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife.18.Since2011,thecountry_(grow)morecornthanrice.19.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernment_(start)asoil-testingprogram.20.Iwasjustgladtofindthema

42、live.Truetoagorillasunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal_(mean)menorealharm.21.I_(shock)whenIlearntshehadntcookedonceinallthattime.isis has grownhas grown startedstarted meantmeant was shockedwas shocked当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。【确定【确定时态的的3条依据】条依据】(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要

43、填的空格要填的动词时态一般一般应与上下文的与上下文的时态一致。一致。这是高考是高考语法填空中确定法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently,sofar,uptonow,uptothepresent,inthepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用；bytheendof,since1980,forthreeyears常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，一般一般现在在时和一般和一般过去去时两种时态考查的多一些。解题技巧解题

44、技巧时态、时态、语态、语态、语气、语气、主谓一致主谓一致考点六：非谓考点六：非谓语动词语动词 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.We must also consider the reaction of the person 1.We must also consider the reaction of the person _(receive)the gift._(receive)the gift.2.2.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left I then noticed that I had jus

45、t 10 minutes left _(complete)the rest!_(complete)the rest!3.My pupils,Donnie 40_(include),adored 3.My pupils,Donnie 40_(include),adored her.her.4.Before the waitress could even finish describing the 4.Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu,my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(

46、menu,my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉眉眉眉毛毛毛毛)(raise(raise).).receivingreceivingto completeto completeincludedincluded考查语法点考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用 考点分析考点分析考点分析考点分析raisedraised1.(2018全国I)Youdonthavetorunfastorforlong_(see)thebenefit.2.(2018全国I)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduc

47、eyourriskof_(die)earlybyrunning.3.(2018全国I)Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto_(strength)yourlegmuscles.4.(2018全国II)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice_(improve)waterquality.5.(2018全国II)Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile_(feed)itscitizens“offersusefulle

48、ssonsforagricultureto seedyingto improvestrengthenfeeding6.(2018全国)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid_(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeel_(challenge).7.(2018全国)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme_(stay)andwatch.8.(2018浙江）Istillremember_(visit)afriendwhodlivedhereforfiveyears.challengedl

49、ookingto stayvisiting9.(2017全国II)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,_(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroof.10.(2017全国I)Theyarerequired_(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjury.11(2017全国I)By_(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.12.(2017全国)Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year

50、-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term_(rest).13.(2017全国)Sarahwants_(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.layingto processrestingeatingto prove非谓语高考真题单句填空14.(2016全国I)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter_(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.15.(2016全国I)Myambassadorialdutieswillin