高中英语时态讲解及练习.pdf

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1、.jz*时态的用法：1.一般现在时(1)一般现在时的形式a.主语为第三人称单数，在原形动词后加-s或-es。b.be的变化：am,is,are c.have的变化；has,have(2)一般现在时在高考中的根本用法详见下表的总结：具体用法经典例句(1)表示现存的状态、情况I am a lawyer now.我现在是一名律师。The coat is very cheap.这件外套很廉价。Does he work hard 他工作努力吗？.jz*(2)表示过去、现在和将来都理应存在的客观事实或真理A plane is faster than a car.飞机比汽车快。The light trave

2、ls faster than the sound.光的传播速度比声音快。3 plus 2 is 5.三加二等于五(3)表示现阶段经常性、反复性的活动He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。He gets up very early every morning.他每天早上很早起床。4表示个人的某种性格或者能力My sister is shy.我的妹妹很害羞。Tom plays ping-pong well.汤姆乒乓球打得不错。(3)一般现在时的特别用法详见下表的总结：具体用法经典例句(1)一般现在时代替过去时表示过去的在宾语从句中，尽管主句用过去时态，

3、但如果从句所述容是客观真理或经常性的动作，其谓语动词仍然用一般现在The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east.教师告诉她的学生们太阳从升起。.jz*用法时。表达往事，使其生动。Napoleons army now advances and the great battle begins.拿破仑的军队现在前进了，大战役开场了。表示“书上说、“报纸上说之意。The newspaper says that it s going to be cold tomorrow.报纸上说明天天气寒冷。(2)一般现在时代替进展时的用法在进展

4、图片说明、电影说明、戏剧容及场景讲解时常用一般现在时。Scene I(Lucy and Miss Green are in the doctors room-a large,pleasant room with many books.)第一幕(露西和格林小姐在医生的房间里，那里有很多书，宽阔而舒适)在某些习惯性表达法中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。Here es the bus!公交车开来了！How it rains!雨下得好大啊！(3)一般现在时表示将来的用法表示已安排或方案好、将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态时，可用一般现在时。用于这类句型常考的谓语动词包括 be,e,go,arr

5、ive,leave,start,begin等。My birthday falls on April21,我的生日是四月二十一日。The meeting is at 8:00 a.m.tomorrow.会议明天上午八点开场。His ship leaves at 5：00 p.m.this.jz*afternoon,他的船下午五点开航。Tomorrow we start for Shanghai.明天我们启程去。在含有 if、although、though、when、while、as soon as、等引导的条件、让步、时间等状语从句的复合句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作。If it is f

6、ine tomorrow,we will go to the countryside.如果明天天气好，我们将去乡村。We will try to finish the work in time although we are short of manpower.尽管缺乏人力我们还是要设法按时完成这项工作Shell go to see him as soon as she arrives.她一到达就去看他。When you meet him,tell him to e to my room.如果你遇见他，叫他到我这儿来。1.06 The father as well as children _

7、every Sunday afternoon in winter.A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going 2.(06)Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _ home.A.wrote B.will write C.have written D.write.jz*3.(08)Do you have any problems if you _ this job Well,I m thinking about the salary.A.offer B.will offer C.are offered D.will b

8、e offered 4.(06)I think it is necessary for my 19-year-old son to have his own mobile phone,for I sometimes want to make sure if he _ home for dinner.A.e B.es C.has e D.will e 5.According to the time-table,the train for Shanghai _ at 7 o clock in the evening.A.leaves B.has left C.was left D.will lea

9、ve 6.(06)Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 _ off at 18:20.A.takes B.took C.will be taken D.has taken 7.Galileo collected facts that proved the earth _ around the sun.A.moved B.moves C.has moved D.had moved 8.Can I help you,sir Yes,I bought this radio yesterday,but it _.A.didn t workB.won t

10、workC.can t work D.doesn t work 9.(06)This machine _.It hasn t worked for years.A.didn t work B.wasn t workingC.doesn t workD.isn t working10.(06全国)The house belongs to my aunt but she_ here any more.A.hasnt lived B.didnt live C.hadnt lived D.doesnt live 11.Every few years,the coal workerstheir lung

11、s X-rayed to ensure their health.A.are having B.have C.have had D.had had.jz*12.Barbara is easy to recognize as she s the only one of the women who _evening dress.A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn 13.The palace caught fire three times in the last century,and little of the original building _now.

12、A.remains B.is remained C.is remaining D.has been remained 14.The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front _ to arrive.A.is expected B.is expectingC.expects D.will be expected 15.-Have you seen my about our TESL,project-Yes.Luckily,I checked my s yesterday.Normally,I _ my-box for days.A

13、haven t opened B didn t open C hadn t opened D don t open16.He will e to see you the moment he _his work.A.will finish B.finishes C.would finish D.had finished 17.If their marketing plans succeed，they _ their sales by 20 percent.A.will increase B.have been increasing C.have increased D.would be incr

14、easing 18.Shall I call at your house at seven o clock tomorrow evening I _ a walk in the park.So you won t find me at home then.A.shall be taking B.shall take C.will take D.am taking 19.-Let s discuss the question raised last night,shall we-There is no hurry for that.I _ for a conference.A.headed B.

15、was heading C.am heading D.have headed.jz*20.Once education is made free，many children who have dropped out of school _.A.will e back B.came back C.have e back D.had e back 21.-Ring me at six tomorrow morning,will you-Why that early I _.A.will be sleeping B.have slept C.have been sleeping D.will sle

16、ep 22.Is Tom still smoking No.By next Saturday he _ for a whole month without smoking a single cigarette.A.will go B.will have gone C.goes D.has been going 23.-Look at these black clouds.It _ soon-Sure.If only we _ out.A.is raining,didn t eB.is to rain,won t start.C.will rain,haven t startedD.is goi

17、ng to rain,hadn t e24.My money _.I d better go to the bank to draw some in case I _ none in hand.A.has run out;will have B.is running out;have C.has been run out of;will have D.is running out of;have 25.Sorry,I _ to buy the book you need for you.Never mind._ it myself after school.A.forget;I d rathe

18、r buyB.forgot;I ll buyC.forgot;Im going to buy D.forget;I d better buy26.Ladies and gentlemen,please fasten your seat belts.The plane _.A.takes off B.is taking off C.has taken off D.took off 27.By the time you arrive in London，we _in Europe for two weeks.jz*Ashall stay Bhave stayed Cwill have stayed

19、 Dhave been staying 28.Why not e over at the weekend The children_seeing you againAenjoyed Bwill enjoy Cwould enjoy Dhave enjoyed 29.We should get together next week.Sounds like a plan!I _ you a call.A.will give B.would give C.have given D.give 30.I _ pingpong quite well,but I haven t had time to pl

20、ay since the new year.A.will play B.have played C.played D.play 31.-_ leave at the end of this month.-I don t think you should do that until _ another job.A.I will;you ve found B.I m going to;you ve found C.I will;you d find D.I m going to;you d find 32.-How can I apply for an online course？-Just fi

21、ll out this form and we _ what we can do for you.A.see B.are seeing C.have seen D.will see 33.-What are you going to do this afternoon -I am going to the cinema with some friends.The film _ quite early,so we _ to the bookstore after that.A.finished;are going B.finished;go C.finishes;are going D.fini

22、shes;go 34.I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 35.Remember to send me a photo of us next time you _ to me.A.are writing B.will write C.has written D.write.jz*36.Because the shop _,all the T-shirt are sold at half pr

23、ice.A.has closed down B.closed down C.is closing down D.had closed down 37.Do I have to take this medicine It _ so terrible.A.tastes B.is tasting C.is tasted D.has tasted 38.-Would you like to tell me what our teacher said just now-She said that light _ faster than sound.A.travels B.traveled C.would

24、 travel D.was traveling 39.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.was B.is going to have C.will have D.is going to be 2.一般过去时(1)一般过去时形式：a.be动词的形式变化。b.助动词的形式变化。c.情态动词的形式变化。d.行为动词一律用过去时，没有人称和数的变化。(2)一般过去时的用法.jz*A表过去的状态或动作，常带有过去时间状语以及由when等连词引导的状语从句。如：I received two letters from home last

25、 week.上周我收到了两封家信。They left an hour ago.他们一小时前离开了。注意：常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：last year 去年just now 刚刚in 2002 在 2002年at that moment 在那时a few days ago 几天前in the old days 在过去的岁月里yesterday 昨天last night 昨天晚上at that time 当时the other day 前几天.jz*B.过去的习惯动作，常与时间状语如every day,seldom,usually等连用。如：We saw him from time to t

26、ime.过去我们时常看到他。Every morning I took a walk when I lived in the countryside.我住在乡下时每天早上都散步。C在 before和 after引导的状语从句中，已经说明了时间的先后，所以可用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：He said nothing before he saw Mr.Smith.=He had said nothing before he saw Mr.Smith.看到史密斯先生之前，他什么话都没说。(3)一般过去时用法5 注意Ahave got+名词，表示“有，是have的口语用法。如：Ive got a pr

27、oblem.=I have a problem.我有一个难题。B used to+动词原形，也可表示过去的习惯动作而现在已经没有了。如：.jz*We used to spend our vacations in the mountains.暗示现在没有在山区度假了。我们以前常常在山区度假。C would+动词原形，也可表示过去的习惯。如：My mother would go downtown when she was not busy.我妈妈以前不忙的时候，常到市中心去。D过去时和 ever,never连用，表示“过去的经历。如：Did you ever see a lion 你曾见过狮子吗

28、She never heard such a beautiful song before.他以前不曾听过这么美的歌。E since从句一般用过去时You havent changed much since we last met.自从上次我们见面以来，你变化不大。Its three years since he went abroad.他出国三年了。Its a long time since he was ill.他病好了很长时间了。I havent found any job since I was out of work.自我失业以来，我一直没有找到工作。.jz*3.一般将来时(1).一般

29、将来时形式a.第一人称shall/will+动词原形b.第二、三人称will+动词原形c.be going+to do d.be+to do e.be about+to do(2).一般将来时的用法a.表示将来的动作或状态。如：You will get wet ii you go out without an umbrella.如果你出去不带伞，会淋湿的。We shall have a lot of rain next month.下个月将会下很多雨。.jz*注意：常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：next time下次tomorrow 明天tomorrow evening明晚before lo

30、ng 不久后in the future在将来later(on)以后the day after tomorrow 后天this afternoon 今天下午next year明年b.be going+to do.表示打算在最近或将来要做某事。如：My brother is going to learn English next year.我哥哥准备明年学英语。He is going to stay a week.他准备待一个星期。表示可能即将发生某事。如：I think it is going to snow.我看天要下雪。I am afraid I am going to have a bad

31、 cold.jz*恐怕我要得重感冒。表示即将发生的情况或状态。如：I am going to be sixty-one next Tuesday.下周二我就 61岁了。(3).一般将来时用法 4 注意a.be going to表示事先经过考虑的打算，will 多表示意愿、决心。如：Can somebody help me 谁能帮我一下吗 I will.我来。不能用 be going to b.如果表示意愿，will 可以用于条件从句。如：If you will learn to play table tennis,Ill coach you,如果你想学打乒乓球，我可以当你的教练。c.be+to

32、 do这种构造表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性等。如：You are m be back by 10 oclock.你必须 10点钟回来。We are to meet at the school gate.jz*我们约定在校门口碰头。d.be about to do表示即将做某事。如：We are about to leave.我们快走了。The meeting is about to start.会议即将开场。注意：be about to do构造中不能接时间状语。be about to do 可用于 when构造中。如：I was about to go to bed when the

33、telephone rang.=I was on the point of going to bed when the tale phone rang.我刚要上床睡觉，这时铃响了。稳固提升 3 例 1.How can I apply for an online course Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you.A.see B.are seeing C.have seen D.will see.jz*点拨：D 下划线处表示的行为是fill out this form 之后将要发生的行为，应选用表示一般将来时的will s

34、ee。例 2 Your job _ open for your return.Thanks.A.will be kept B.will keep C.had kept D.had been kept 点拨 A 表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，应排除选项C、D；又由于下划线处还必须表示出被动的含义，应进一步排除B 而选 A。现在进展时【No.1】现在进展时的构成现在进展时由be+v-ing 构成。be 应为助动词，初学者最容易漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。【No.2】现在进展时的应用:在实际运用时，现在进展时常用以下几种情况：(1)当句子中有now 时，常表示动作正在进展，这时要用现在进展

35、时。如：They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。(2)以 look,listen 开头的句子，提示我们动作正进展，这时要用现在进展时。如：Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进展的动作，且此时有this week,these days 等时间状语，这时常用现在进展时。如：We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。(4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进展时。如：Look at

36、the picture.The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。【No.3】现在进展时的变化.jz*肯定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其它.否认句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+现在分词+其它.一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？对现在进展时的特殊疑问句的答复，它不可以用Yes或 No 直接作答，要根据实际情况答复。a.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。We are waiting

37、 for you.b.习惯进展：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进展。Mr.Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.c.表示渐变的动词有：get,grow,bee,turn,run,go,begin等。The leaves are turning red.Its getting warmer and warmer.d.与 always,constantly,forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。You

38、 are always changing your mind.典型例题My dictionary _,I have looked for it everywhere but still_ it.A.has lost,dont find B.is missing,dont find C.has lost,havent found D.is missing,havent found.答案 D.前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进展时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否认式时可用于完成时。e现在进展时有时可以用来表示赞叹或厌烦的感情.例如:He is always causing

39、trouble.他总是惹麻烦.The Present Continuous Tense 现在进展时现在进展时最容易出现错误的地方在动词的现在分词形式，我们在复习的时候要特别注意不规那么动词的变化形式。例如：swimming，beginning，putting，taking，buying,taking 是 take的 ing 形式,以 e 结尾要去e加 ing.动词现在分词 动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规那么如下：1一般情况下直接加think-thinking sleep-sleeping study-studying speak-speaking.jz*2以不发音的字母e 结尾

40、的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake-waking make-making e-ing take-taking leave-leaving have-having 3以 ie 结尾的动词，把ie 改为 y，再加 ing die-dying lie-lying 4以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅构造的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing stop-stopping sit-sitting run-running forget-forgetting begin-beginning 注：以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅构造的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing。初中学过的这类词有：b

41、egin，cut,get,hit,run,set,sit,spit,stop,swim,beg,drop,fit,nod,dig,forget,regret,rid,等。travel 虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加 ing 如：travel-travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。二现在进展时练习一写出以下动词的现在分词stand_ swim_ play_ watch_ skate _ run_ sleep_ jump_ walk_ ride_ clean_ make_ wash_ do_ go_ listen_ play _ e_ sin

42、g_ have_ write_ dance_ sit_ read_ 二用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1.My parents _watchTV now.2.Look.Three boys _run.3.What _ your mother _ donow 4._ your dog _ now sleep5._ you _listento music Yes,I am.6.Look,Miss Chen _ football.play7.Tom and his sister _ wait for you over there.jz*8.Now Class 3 and Class 4_ havea t

43、est.9.Listen,someone _sing in the classroom.10.Where is Zhang Yan She _talkwith her teacher in the teachers office.11.What are you _(do)now I _(eat)bread.12.It s nine o clock.My father_(work)in the office.13.Look,the boy_(put)the rubbish into the bin.14._he_(clean)the classroom No,he isn t.He_(play)

44、.15.Where is Mark He_(run)on the grass.16.Listen,who_(sing)in the music room Oh,Mary_(sing)there.17.-(do)_you like animals-Yes,I _-What are you _-I am _ my homework.18.My sister likes _.She can _well.Now she is _(dance)19.Her parents can _.They like _.They are _now.(swim)20.You cant see her now;she_

45、 have a bath.21 My parents_grow older and older.22 She_like to talk very much.In fact she_always talk and talk.23 He usually_drink coffee but today he_(drink tea.24 The children_have a good time at the party very much right now.25 A：How_you usually_(get to work B：I usually _go by bus,but tomorrow I_

46、 goin Toms car.26.They _(not,water)the flowers now.27.Look!the girls _(dance)in the classroom.28.What is our granddaughter doing She _(listen)to music.29.Its 5 o clock now.We _(have)supper now30._Helen_(wash)clothes Yes,she is.31.The boy _ draw)a picture now.32.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classr

47、oom.jz*33.My mother _(cook)some nice food now.34.What _ you _(do)now 35.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.三、将以下句子改成现在进展时1.Tom can speak Chinese.2.We have four lessons.3.I watch TV every day.4.She works in a hospital.5.Kitty and Ben have lunch at about twelve.6.His father can help them.7.Danny,open

48、the door.8.They watch TV in the evening.9.What do you do 五按要求改写句子1.The boy is playing basketball.否认句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定答复：_ 否认答复：_ 对“The boy提问：_ 4.she,the window,open,now.(用现在进展时连词成句.)_ 5.The birds are singing in the tree.(就划线局部提问)_ 6.is,who,the window,cleaning(连词成句)_ 7.The children are playing games near

49、 the house.(就划线局部提问)_ 8.She is closing the door now.(改成否认句)_ 9.You are doing your homework.(用 I 作主语改写句子)_ 10.They,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进展时连词成句.)_ 11.The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑句)_ 12.Look!Lily is dancing.改为一般疑问句 _ 13 Kate is looking for her watch.改为否认句 _.jz*14.Mrs Whit

50、e is watching TV.划线局部提问 _ 15.I am doing homework.改为否认句 _ 16.They are waiting for you at the library.就划线局部提问_ 17 They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否认句)_ _ 18 The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否认答复)_ 19.I m playing the football in the playground.(对划线局部进展提问)_ 20.Tom is reading books