中考英语考试大纲知识点(词汇与语法)明细与简表(新课标通用版).pdf

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1、1 新课程标准中考英语考试大纲知识点明细与简表一、日常交际用语简表1.问候(Greetings)A.Hi!/Hello!你好！Good morning/afternoon/evening.上午/下午/晚上好。How are you?你好吗？How are you doing?你好吗？Please say hello to your parents.请代我向你父母问好。Please give my love/best wishes to Lucy.请向露西致以我的爱/最美好的祝愿。B.Hi!/Hello!你好！Good morning/afternoon/evening.上午/下午/晚上好。I

2、m OK./Fine,thanks,and you?/Very well,thank you.我还行/很好，谢谢。你呢？/非常好，谢谢你。Sure./All right.一定。/好的。2.介绍(Introduction)A.My name is Jim.我的名字叫吉姆。I m a student/worker.我是学生/工人。I m from England.我来自英格兰。This is Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms Brown.这位是布朗先生/夫人/小姐。I d like you to meet Bob.我想让你见见包勃。B.Hello!你好！How do you do?你好。Nice/

3、Glad/Pleased to meet/see you.很高兴见到你。3.告别(Farewells)A.Good-bye/Bye/Bye-bye.再见/拜拜。Good night.晚安。See you later/then/tomorrow/soon.回头见。I am sorry I have to go now.很抱歉我得走了。B.Good-bye/Bye/Bye-bye.再见/拜拜。See you later/then/tomorrow/soon.回头见。4.打电话(Making telephone calls)AHello!May I speak to Tom?你好！可以叫汤姆接电话吗

4、？Hello!I d like to speak to Mr.Green.你好！我想找格林先生听电话。Is that Liu Ying speaking?你是刘英吗？Extension six two two six,please.请接分机6226。Can I leave a message?我可以留个口信吗？I ll call back later/again.我过一会儿打过来。I ll ring him/her up again.我会再打给他（她）的。B.Hello!This is Mary speaking.你好！我是玛丽。Hello,who is this?你好，你是谁？Hold th

5、e line,please.请稍等（别挂电话）。Just a moment,please.请稍等。Hello,who s speaking?你好，你是谁？Sorry.He/She isn t here right now.抱歉，他/她这会儿不在。Can I take a message?我可以捎个信吗？Sorry.I can t hear you.抱歉。我听不清楚The line is bad/busy.线路有坏了/忙。I couldn t get through.我无法接通。Sorry,I m afraid you have the wrong number.抱歉，恐怕你拨错号了。5.感谢和

6、应答(Thanks and responses)A.Thank you(very much).非常感谢。Thanks a lot.非常感谢。Thank you（Thanks）for your help.谢谢你的帮助。It s very kind/nice of you.你真实太好了。B.Not at all.别客气。（不用谢/没关系。）It s a pleasure.That s OK/all right.不用谢/别客气/没关系。You re welcome.不用谢。2 6.祝愿、祝贺和应答Wishes,congratulations and responses A.Have a good d

7、ay/time!（祝你）玩得愉快！Have a good journey/trip!（祝你）旅途愉快！Good luck!（祝你）好运！Enjoy yourself!（祝你）玩得愉快！Best wishes to you.向你（致以）最好的祝愿！Happy New Year!新年快乐！Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！Happy birthday!生日快乐！Congratulations!祝贺你！Well done!干的好。B.Thank you.谢谢。You,too.你也一样。The same to you.你也一样。7.意愿Intentions I ll go with yo u.

8、我将和你一起去。I m going to see my head teacher this afternoon.今天下午我要去看我的班主任。I d like to make a phone call to her after class.我想课后的电话。I want/hope to find an English pen-friend.我想找一个英国笔友。I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer.我打算今年夏天去杭州。I won t see the movie again.我再也不去看这部电影了。I m not going to buy the book.我不打

9、算买那本书。I don t want to live in the big city.我不想住在大城市。8.道歉和应答Apologies and responses A.Sorry.对不起。I m sorry.我很抱歉。Excuse me,please.对不起。/打扰一下/劳驾。I beg your pardon.I m sorry for losing your book.很抱歉，我弄丢了你的书。I m sorry to interrupt you.很抱歉打断你（的话）了。I m sorry(that)I m late.很抱歉我迟到了。B.That s OK.没关系。It s all rig

10、ht.没关系。Never mind.不要紧/没关系。It doesn t matter.没关系。It s nothing.没什么。9.遗憾和同情Regrets and sympathy What a pity!真遗憾！I m so sorry!非常遗憾！It s a great pity!天大的遗憾！What a shame!真遗憾。That s too bad!太糟糕了。I m so sorry about your illness!对你的并我感到很难过。I m sorry to hear you are going away.听说你要离开了我很难过。Please accept my dee

11、p sympathy.请接受我深深的同情。10.邀请和应答Invitations and responses A.Would you like to go for a walk?去散步吗？You must come to dinner with us.你得和我们一起进餐。May I invite you to dinner?我可以邀请你吃饭吗？What/How about having a swim?去游泳怎么样？B.OK.好的 Thank you.谢谢。I d like that,thanks.我愿意，谢谢。Yes,I d love to.我非常愿意。That would be very n

12、ice.那样真是太好了。No,thank you.不用，谢谢了。It s very nice of you,but my mother is ill.真是太好了，但我的母亲病了。3 I d love to,but I m afraid I have no time.很愿意，但恐怕我没时间。I m sorry I can t.What about another time?很抱歉我不能。改个时间怎么样？11.提供（帮助等）和应答Offers and responses A.Do you want me to clean the room?要我打扫房间。Can I help you?我可以帮你吗？

13、Would you like me to help you?要我帮你吗？What can I do for you?我能为你做点什么？Let me take you bags.让我帮你拿包吧。B.Yes,please.好的，请。Yes,thanks.要，谢谢。Thank you.That would be nice/fine.谢谢你。那样太好了。Thank you for your(the)help.谢谢你的帮助。No,thanks/thank you.不用，谢谢。Thank you all the same.还是要谢谢你。That s very kind of you,but I can d

14、o it myself.你真是太好了，但我自己能对付。12.请 求 允 许 和 应 答Asking for permission and responses A.May I come in?我可以进来吗？Can/Could I use your telephone?用一下你的电话，好吗？Would/Do you mind if I open the window?我想打开窗子，你不介意吧？B.Yes,(do)please.好的，请。Certainly.当然可以。All right.好吧。Of course,you can.当然可以。I m sorry,it s not allowed.很抱歉，

15、不允许。I m afraid not.恐怕不行。You d better not.最好不.。13.表示 同意和不同 意Expressing agreement and disagreement A.Certainly/Sure/Of course.当然可以。Yes,please.好的，请。Yes,I think so.是的，我认为是那样。Thats true.是真的。All right/OK.好吧。Thats a good idea.好主意。I agree（with you）.我同意。All right.好的。No problem.没问题。B.No,I dont think so.不，我认为不

16、.。Im afraid not.恐怕不是。I really cant agree with you.我真不能同意你的看法。No way.不行。Of course not.当然不。I don t agree.我不同意。14.表示肯定和不肯定Expressing certainty and uncertainty I m sure of that.我肯定。I m(quite)sure(that)she ll join us.我保证她会加入到我们中间。I m not so sure.我不太确定。I m not sure of that.我不敢保证。I m not sure whether/if sh

17、e can come.我不确定她是否能来。Maybe you re right.也许你是对的。Perhaps she is at home now.也许她现在在家。It s hard to say.很难说。15.喜好和厌恶Likes and dislikes This book is very interesting.这本书非常有趣。I like/love the movie(very much).我非常喜欢这部电影。I like taking photos.我喜欢拍照。I enjoy listening to music.我喜欢听音乐。I m interested in science.我对

18、科学感兴趣。He is fond of music.他喜欢音乐。This song is bad/awful.这首歌太糟糕了。I don t like the movie very much/at all.我一点也不/非常不喜欢这部电影。I don t enjoy collecting stamps.我不喜欢集邮。I hate to do homework.我讨厌做家庭作业。16.谈论天气Talking about the weather A.What s the weather like today?今天天气如何？How s the weather in Beijing?北京的天气怎么4 样

19、？What a cold/hot day today!今天好冷/热啊！It s a nice/fine/beautiful/horrible day today.今天天气真好/糟糕。B.It s sunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy.天气晴朗/多云/多风/多雨/多雪/多雾。It s getting cool/cold/warm/hot.天气变凉/冷/暖和/热了。Its rather warm/cold/hot/etc.today,isnt it?今天更暖和/冷/热，是吗？17.购物Shopping A.Can/May I help you?我可以帮你吗？Wh

20、at can I do for you?我能为你做点什么？How many/much would you like?你想要多少？What colour/size/kind would you like?你想要什么颜色？What about this one?这个怎么样？Here your change.给你的零钱/找数。B.I want/I d like a pair of shoes.我想要一双鞋。How much is it/are they?多少钱？May I try it on?我可以试穿一下吗？It s too big/small.太大/小了。Sorry,it s too expen

21、sive.抱歉，太贵了。Thats too much/expensive,Im afraid.我恐怕太贵了吧。Do you have any other colours/size/kinds?你们有别的颜色/尺寸/品种吗？Two and a half kilos/pounds,please.两公斤/磅半。That s fine.I ll take it.很好，我买了。Just have a look.只是看看。Well,I ll think about it.好吧，我考虑考虑。18.问路和应答Asking the way and responses A.Excuse me.Where s th

22、e washroom?劳驾，请问洗手间在哪儿？Can you tell me how to get to the post office?你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？Excuse me.Which bus goes to World Park?请问哪班车到世界公园？Excuse me.Which is the way to the Bank of China?请问哪条路到中国银行？Excuse me.Could you tell me the way to the station,please?请问到车站的路怎么走？How can I get to No.4 Middle school?我怎么才

23、能到四中？B.It s over there.在那边。It s about 400 metres from here.离这儿大约400 米。Go down this street until you see the tall red building.沿着这条街走一直到你看见一座高大的红色建筑物。Turn right/left at the first/second crossing/corner.在第一/二个十字路口/拐角处向右/左转。You can t miss it.你不会错过的。You can take bus No.103.你可以乘103 路公共汽车。You d better tak

24、e a taxi.你最好乘出租车。Sorry.I don t know.I m a stranger here.抱歉。我不知道。我刚来这里。19.问时间或日期和应答Asking the time or date and responses（1）时刻和日期A.What day is（it）today?今天星期几？Whats the date today?今天是几月几号？What time is it?几点了？Whats the time,please?请问几点了？When did you come to China?什么时候到的中国？What time do you get up every d

25、ay?你每天几点起床？B.Its Monday/Tuesday,etc.星期一/二.。Its January 10th.一月 10 日。Its five oclock/half past five/a quarter to five/five thirty,twenty to nine,etc.五点/五点半/五点差一刻/五点半/九点差二十分。Its time for.是该做.的时候了。I came to China in 1998.我 1998 年到的中国。5 I get up at 6 o clock.我 6 点起床。（2）时间段A.How long have you been in thi

26、s school?你来这所学校多久了？How long does it take you to get to school?你到学校要话多少时间？When did you live in Beijing?你什么时候居住在北京？How long have you been ill?你病了多久了？B.I have been in this school for three years.我来这所学校 3 年了。It takes me twenty minutes by bike.我骑自行车要用 20 分钟。I lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.我从 1996 年至

27、 1999 年住在北京。I have been ill since last Monday night.我从上周一开始生病。（3）时间频率A.How often do you go to movies?你多久看一次电影？B.I go to the movie once a week.我每周看一次电影。I often go to movies.我经常看电影。（4）时间顺序A.What did you do next?你接下来干什么？B.Finally we found our way out.最后我们找到了出路。It rained even harder later on.后来雨下得更猛了。20

28、.请求 Requests A.May I have.?我可以.吗？May I come in?我可以进来吗？Can/Could I use your telephone?我可以用一下你的电话吗？Would/Do you mind if I open the window?你不介意我开窗吧？Can/Could you.for me?你能为我.吗？Will/Would you please.?请你.好吗？B.Yes,please.好的，请。Certainly.当然可以。All right.好的。Of course,you can.当然可以。I m sorry,its not allowed.抱歉，

29、不允许。I m afraid not.恐怕不行。You d better not.最好别。Please give/pass me.请给/递给我.Please wait（here/a moment）.我等会儿。Please wait（for）your turn.请等你的轮子。Please stand in line/line up.请排队。Please hurry.请快点。21.劝告和建议Advice and suggestions（1）劝告(Advice)You d better go to see the doctor.你最好去看医生。You should listen to and rea

30、d English every day.你应该每天听读英语。You need to buy a Chinese-English dictionary.你有必要买一本汉英词典。Dont rush/hurry/push.别跑/推。Please stand in a line.请排队。（2）建议(Suggestions)Shall we go to the zoo on Sunday?咱们星期天去动物园好吗？Let s go and have a look.咱们去看看。What/How about a picnic this Sunday?这个星期天去野餐怎么样？Why don t you buy

31、a computer?干吗不买台电脑？Why not go to a movie?为什么不去看电影？22.禁止和警告Prohibition and warnings You cant/mustnt play football on the road.不能在马路上踢足球。6 If you spend too much time on playing computer games,youll fail the exam.如果你花太多的时间玩电子游戏，你会通不过考试的。Take care!当心！Be careful!当心！No smoking!禁止吸烟！No spitting!不能随地吐痰！Wet

32、floor!地板是湿的！Look out!当心！Dont touch!请勿触摸！It s dangerous!有危险！Don t forget your raincoat.别忘了带雨衣！Remember to lock the door.别忘了锁门！Mind your head/step!小心碰头/地滑！23.表示感情Expressing certain emotions（1）高兴(Happiness)How wonderful/nice!真精彩/好极了。That s lovely/great/wonderful!太好了/棒极了。I m so happy.我太高兴了。It s well don

33、e.干得好。I m glad/pleased/happy to know that.知道这个我太高兴了。（2）惊奇(Surprise)Really?真的吗？Oh dear!哦，天哪！Is that so?是吗？What a surprise!太让人吃惊了！How nice to see you!看到你真高兴！How surprising!太让人吃惊了！I m surprised.我太意外了。Does that surprise you?那件事让你吃惊了吗？（3）忧虑(Worries)What s wrong?怎么啦？What s the matter?出什么事啦？Anything wrong?

34、有什么问题吗？Im/Hes/Shes worried.Oh,what shall I/we do?我/他/她很担忧，我/我们该怎么办？What should we do?我们该怎么办？Are you worried about your health?你担心你的健康吗？（4）安慰(Reassurance)There,there.好了，好了。（没事，没事。）Dont be afraid.别怕。Dont worry.别担心。It s(quite)all right.还好。It ll be OK/all right.还好。（5）满意(Satisfaction)Good!好的。Well done!干得

35、好。Perfect!太好了。That s fine.太好了。That s better.更好了。That s good enough.够好了。I m pleased with your spoken English.我对你的口语非常满意。（6）恐惧(Fear)Help!救命啊！How terrible!太可怕了！I m afraid of that dog.我怕那只狗。I m frightened.我太恐惧了。24.就餐Taking meals A.Would you like something to eat/drink?来点吃的/喝的吗？What would you like(to hav

36、e)?来点什么？Would you like some more fish?再来点鱼吗？Help yourself to some fish.随便吃些鱼吧。B.Yes,I d like a drink.好的，来点饮料吧。I d like rice and chicken.来点米饭和鸡肉。Just a little,please.就一点儿。Can I have some more soup?我可以再来点汤吗？It s so delicious.Thank you.太可口了，谢谢。I like green tea.我喜欢绿茶。No,thank you.Ive had enough.不要了，谢谢。我

37、吃饱了。7 I m full,thank you.我吃饱了，谢谢。25.约会Making appointments A.Are you free this afternoon/evening?你今天下午/晚上有空吗？Will you be free tomorrow?你明天有空吗？Do you have time this afternoon?你今天下午有时间吗？How about tomorrow morning?明天上午如何？When/Where shall we meet?我们什么时候见面？Could we meet at 4:30?咱们四点半见面可以吗？Let s make it 4:

38、30.咱们四点半见面。B.Yes,I ll be free then.行，我那时有空了。All right.See you then.好的。再见。I m afraid I have no time then.恐怕我没有时间。Sorry,I won t be free then.But I ll be free tomorrow.抱歉，我没空。但明天我没事。26.传递信息Passing on a message Will you please give this note/message to.?请你捎个便条/口信给.好吗？asked me to give you th is note.叫我捎这

39、个便条给你。Thanks for the message.谢谢你捎口信给我。27.看病Seeing the doctor A.What s the matter?怎么啦？What seems to be the trouble?哪儿不舒服了？Do you have a fever?你发烧吗？How long have you felt like this?你这样有多久了？It s nothing serious.没什么严重的。Take this medicine three times a day.这种药一天服三次。You ll be all right/well soon.你很快会好起来的。

40、B.I have a headache/cough/fever.我头痛/咳嗽/发烧。I feel terrible/bad/horrible/awful.我感觉非常难受。I don t feel well.我感觉不舒服。I ve got a pain here.我这儿疼。It hurts here./This place hurts.这儿受伤了。I cant sleep well.我睡不好。Theres something wrong with my teeth.我的牙齿出问题了。28.求助Calling for help A.Help!帮帮我！Can you help me?你能帮帮我吗？B

41、.Whats the matter?怎么了？29.语言困难Pardon?再说一遍好吗？I beg your pardon?请你再说一遍好吗？I don t understand.我不明白。Sorry,I can t follow you.抱歉，我跟不上。Please say that again/more slowly.请你再说一遍/说慢点。What do you mean by.?你说.是什么意思？Can you speak more slowly,please?你能说慢点吗？How do you say in English?.用英语怎么说？I don t know how to say

42、that in English.我不知道那个用英语怎么说？I don t know the word in English.我不知道这个单词在英语里是什么意思。How do you spell it,please?请问怎样拼写？I m sorry I only know a little English.对不起，我只知道一点儿英语。30.常见的标志和说明Some common signs and instructions BUSINESS HOURS 正 在 营 业（营 业 时间）FRAGILE（小心轻放）OFFICE HOURS 正 在 办 公（办 公 时间）THIS SIDE UP 这面朝

43、上OPEN （打）开MENU 菜单CLOSED 关着的8 NO SMOKING 禁 止 吸 烟PULL 拉PUSH 推 NO PARKING 禁止停车 NO PHOTOS 禁止拍照ON 开 OFF 关 PLAY 播放STOP 停止PAUSE 暂停ENTRANCE 入 口EXIT 出口 DANGER!有危险INSTRUCTIONS说明（注意/须知）二、语音项目表（Phonetic Items）一、字母26 个字母的名称二、国际音标英语的元音音标和辅音音标三、基本的拼读规则1.元音字母a,e,i（y）,o,u 在重读开音节和重读闭音节中的读音2.辅音字母在单词中的基本读音3.-r 音节在重读音节中

44、的读音4.常见的元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音5.常见的元音字母和辅音字母组合在重读音节中的读音6.常见的辅音字母组合在单词中的基本读音四、辅音连缀和成节音1.辅音连缀bl-,kl-,fl-,gl-,pl-,sl-,br-,kr-,sk-,sm-,sp-,st-,tw-,sw-2.成节音-bl,-pl,-dl,-tl,-sl,-sn,-zn,-fn,-vn五、单词重音：1.双音节词的重音；2.多音节词的重音和次重音。六、语调与节奏：1.句子重音；2.连读和不完全爆破；3.意群和停顿；4.升调和降调。三、词汇表（见中考词汇表）四、语法项目表（加“”号的项目只要求理解）1.词类：1）名词2）形容词

45、3）副词4）动词5）代词6）冠词7）数词8）介词9）连词10）感叹词 2.构词法：1）合成法classroom,something,reading-room 2）派生法worker,drawing,quickly,careful,kindness,cloudy,unhappy 3）转化法hand（n.）hand（v.）dry（adj.）dry（v.）3.名词 1）可数名词和不可数名词2）名词的复数3）专有名词4）所有格4.代词 1）人称代词的主格和宾格形式2）物主代词的形容词与名词性形式3）反身代词myself,himself,ourselves,etc.4）指示代词this,that,the

46、se,those 5）不定代词some,any,no,etc.6）疑问代词what,who,whose,which,etc.5.数词基数词和序数词6.介词词汇表中所列介词的用法7.连词词汇表中所列连词的用法8.形容词1）作定语、表语、宾语补足语的用法2）比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级）（1）构成-er,-est;more,the most（2）基本句型 as原级形式as.not as（so）原级形式as.比较级形式than.the最高级形式.in（of）.the+比较级，the+比较级 9.副词1）表示时间、地点、方式、程度等的基本用法2）疑问副词when,where,how（课标中没提）3）

47、比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级）（1）构成-er,-est;more,the most（2）基本句型as原级形式as.not as（so）原级形式as.比较级形式than.the最高级形式.in（of）.10.冠词冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和 an 的用法，定冠词the 的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中，不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是中考试题考查的热点和重点。11.动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）连系动词be(am,is,are,was,were,been),look,turn,get,become,sound,taste,smell,etc.（3）及物动词和不及物动词

48、（4）助动词be(am,is,are,was,were,been),do(did),have(has,had),shall,will,etc.（5）情态动词can,may,must,need,have to,etc.12 时态9（1）一般现在时I get up at six oclock every morning.He doesnt speak Russian.They are very busy.The moon moves round the earth.When you see him,tell him to come to my place.Ill go to see you ton

49、ight if Im free.（2）一般过去时 I was in Grade One last year.I got up at five yesterday.（3）一般将来时 shall（will）动词原形I shall（will）go to your school tomorrow afternoon.She will be here tomorrow.be going to动词原形Im going to help him.（4）现在进行时Were reading the text now.Theyre waiting for a bus.（5）现在完成时I have already p

50、osted the letter.They have lived here for ten years.（6）过去进行时We were having a meeting this time yesterday.The teacher was talking to some parents when I saw her.（7）过去完成时We had learned four English songs by the end of last year.The film had already begun when I got to the cinema.She said that she had