定语从句在高考英语中的妙用(公开课).ppt

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1、 WhatistheAttributiveclause?定语从句复习定语从句复习一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。Sheisthegirl_livesnextdoor.Attributiveclause关系词关系词先行词先行词定语从句定语从句who注意事项注意事项:1.从句的位置从句的位置:2.翻译方法翻译方法:先行词先行词之后之后“.的的”关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词whowhomthatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy关关系系词词注意事项：注意事项：关系词的主要作用：替代先行词和关系词的主要作用：替代

2、先行词和在从句中充当成分在从句中充当成分定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthe

3、meeting.分解分解作主语作主语whom作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解分解作宾语作宾语（可省略）（可省略）whose作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物).Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirlsmotherisateacher.作定语作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisye

4、llow.Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质themachineamachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质amachine that/which

5、关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhef

6、ollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质关系代词的实

7、质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which（三）（三）关系副词关系副词与与介词介词+关系代词关系代词

8、的替代的替代20whenwhen可用可用in/on/at/during+which代替代替1.Istillremembertheday.2.Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.whenwhich211.America is the country.2.I was born in the country.AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn.which.whereBeijingisthecityinwhichIwasborn.where22whywhy可用可用for+which代

9、替代替1.Thisisthereason.2.Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason.ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool.whywhich.23关系关系代词代词和关系和关系副词副词的区别的区别关系关系代词代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主语、宾语作主语、宾语关系关系副词副词在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中

10、做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语主语、宾语或定语则则选择选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，则选，则选择择关系副词关系副词。PracticeoftheAttributiveclause1.Aplaneisamachine_canfly.2.Theman_iswalkingontheplaygroundismyoldfriend.which/thatwho/that 5.Isawawoman_bagwasstolen.6.Thereason_hewaslatewa

11、sthathegotuplate.7.Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoHK.whosewhywhen1.Illneverforgetthedays_weworkedtogether.2.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_hegave.when/inwhichwhichwhere/in

12、whichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词总结：关系代词和关系副词的判定最终取决总结：关系代词和关系副词的判定最终取决于于它们在从句中的成分。它们在从句中的成分。切记切记!归纳归纳:关系副词关系副词whenwhen指时间指时间,关系副词关系副词wherewhere指地点指地点,关系副词关系副词whywhy指原因，在定语从句中指原因，在定语从句中作作状语状语。即使先行词是时间地点。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句若作从句中的主语或宾语，只能用关系代词中的主语或宾语，只能用关系代词that,that,w

13、hich.which.1.The boy is four years old.The boy goes to school every day._2.He works in the library.Many people borrow books from the library._3.This is the computer.My uncle sent me the computer last year._一一.合并句子合并句子Theboywhogoestoschooleverydayisfouryearsold.Heworksinthelibrarywheremanypeopleborro

14、wbooks.Thisisthecomputerwhich/thatmyunclesentmelastyear.1.(2016 青岛联考)Write letters to newspapers and magazines_ give advice on many subjects.2.【2015陕西】15.As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.3【2016四川】3.The books on the desk,cover

15、s are shiny,are prizes for us.二二.语法填空语法填空which/thatwhenwhose3.(优化方案 unit 4)After visiting China,most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time when they had spend in China.2.(2016 福建高三检测)Could you recommend a hotel where is in the centre of the town?3.(2016江苏)Some pictures taken by satellites show us the exact place which different metals can be found.三三.单句改错单句改错which/thatwherewhich/that四四.翻译下列句子翻译下列句子1.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。Thestudentswhodontstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.2.她上周买的房子非常好看。她上周买的房子非常好看。Thehousewhichsheboughtlastweekisverynice.