大学英语六级写作辅导1.ppt

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1、大学英语六级写作辅导1Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDueAttitudeShouldBeGiventotheStudyofChinese.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文的现象。2.出现这种现象的原因和后果。3.为了改变这种状况，我认为评分重点项目评分重点项目关联词同义替换（词汇+句型）代词替换内容：不跑题六级写作改卷分析六级写作改卷分析CET作文题采用总体评分（G

2、lobalScoring）方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分（RewardScores）,而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。大纲解读：两大黄金原则大纲解读：两大黄金原则一、卷面整洁、书写工整、语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位：二、语言二、语言基本正确，无重大语法错误句式丰富多变（词汇+句型）段落分布段数：3-4段落结构：总分总主题句：翻译提纲，作出评论1-2句论证：2句小结：1句30分钟的合理安排分钟的合理安排5（审题和构思）（审题和构思）+20（正文）（正文）+5（检查）（检查）*不建议打草稿，时间和空间不足*可以写出一些关键词和大纲来*最后五分钟要自查硬伤-检查语法错误，连接错误，标点符号等

3、。*不要改内容了！Vary(变化、多样变化、多样)原则原则熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟；熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟；写作是一门主观性很强的考试，写作是一门主观性很强的考试，一篇文一篇文章虽然规定了作文的题目和提纲，但是章虽然规定了作文的题目和提纲，但是具体内容却是可以酌情处理变化的。具体内容却是可以酌情处理变化的。低分作文的特征低分作文的特征语法错误多Chinglish没有句式结构写作常见错误分析写作常见错误分析五种尤其容易犯的错误五种尤其容易犯的错误1-时态错误时态错误Manypeoplethoughtj1thattheInternetwillbemoreusefulinthefutu

4、re.j1thoughtthink单复数错误Wisemanj1seekj2opportunitiesratherthanwaitforthem.j1wiseman前面应加上a/the单数可数名词不可单独存在，要么加限定词，要么变复数j2seek应改为seeks代词错误Wecanusecomputersindoingeverythingyouj1likej1youweIfwecheatothers,friendswillneverbelieveyouandtheywillleaveyouj1alone.j1两个you都改成us冠词错误Horseisanusefulanimal.Horse前面应加

5、上a/theAn应改为a词性错误从1999年到2002年该国出生率呈现逐渐下降趋势。From1999to2002,thecountrypossesseda_(gradual)_(increase)trendinbirthrate.-graduallyincreasing词性错误大家都应该认识到肥胖的危害。Everyoneshouldbeconsciousofthedangersof_(fat).-fatness/obesity写完整的英文句典型错误一：Jinjinholdingthetorchasifthatisherlife.Ilookforwardtoholidays.Forexample

6、,ThanksgivingandChristmas.2.要有一定程度的省略典型错误一：TibetwasapartofChina,TibetisapartofChina,andTibetwillalwaysbeapartofChina.省略要正确典型错误二：ChinaYaoalwayshasandwillalwaysdohisbesttowinthegames.-ChinaYaohasalwaysdoneandwillcontinuetodohisbesttowinthegames.3.句号一定要用对JayChousnewlyreleasedmovieKungfuDunkhashitthecin

7、ema,Iamgoingtoseeittomorrow.-JayChousnewlyreleasedmovieKungfuDunkhashitthecinemaandIamgoingtoseeittomorrow.中层次作文水平中层次作文水平语法错误时有出现内容不够结构性词汇不够明显如何拓展思路？如何拓展思路？事物发生背后的本质到底是什么？事物发生背后的本质到底是什么？人是有需求的动物，需求取决于得人是有需求的动物，需求取决于得到了什么，还缺少什么。到了什么，还缺少什么。马斯洛需求层次理论马斯洛需求层次理论（1943年在年在人类激励理论人类激励理论）1.生理需求生理需求2.安全需求安全需求3.

8、感情需求感情需求4.尊重需求尊重需求5.自我实现的需求自我实现的需求只要是人，每做一件事情都可以从里面只要是人，每做一件事情都可以从里面找到千丝万缕的根源。找到千丝万缕的根源。万能理由万能理由1、方便：convenient/convenience2、效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency3、经济（节省和浪费)：savetime/money/space;economical,thriftwastetime/money/space;costly,lavish4：心理（情感、乐趣、喜爱，憎恶）&成就感（荣誉自信、动力、压力）5.健康healthy,disease,st

9、rong,strength,energetic万能理由万能理由5、娱乐：colorful,pleasure,joy,recreation,relaxentertainment,tired,boring,lonely6、环境：environment,pollute,poisonous,dirty7、安全和危险：safe,danger,risk8：经验：experience,socialexperience,enterthesociety9、人际：humane,fair,unfair,help,assist,freedom,freely10.国家（民族、社会、公益、）-练习一、住在大城市的好处和坏

10、处ThereasonwhyIprefertoliveinthebigcitiesisthattherearemorejobopportunities,educationopportunitiesandbetterlivingconditionsinthebigcitiesthaninthesmalltowns.disadvantagesButthecostfortheprivilegeoflivinginthecityisalsohigh.Whatsmore,thereismoregasandnoisepollutioninthecity,（Example3）有人认为大学生做兼职工作很有好处；

11、ThereasonwhyIprefertoliveinthebigcitiesisthattherearemorejobopportunities,educationopportunitiesandbetterlivingconditionsinthebigcitiesthaninthesmalltowns.有人认为大学生做兼职工作有人认为大学生做兼职工作弊多利少弊多利少However,someotherpeopleholdthatdoingpart-timejobshasmoredisadvantages.Themainjobofcollegestudentsistostudy,nottow

12、ork.Iftheyhavepart-timejobs,theymayhavetoreducetheirtimeforsleep,rest,studyandactivities.Workingseveralhoursadayconsumesalotoftimeandenergyandmayaffecttheirstudies.Asaresult,theymayfindithardtoadjusttowhatthecollegeexpectsofthemaswellastheiremployersexpect,andfinally,theymayfallbehindorfailintheirst

13、udies.1h高分作文高分作文词汇准确多样句式复杂有力2个注意点个注意点写作中两类避免使用的单词口语词：Youknow,wellheyman,whatup?gonnawanna生僻词14分作文的词汇亮点词汇亮点Althoughhonestyisbelievedtobeavirtue,therearestilldishonestpeopleinoursociety.Forexample,somebusinessmensellfakeproducttotheirconsumers;somestudentscheatintheexams.评论：这个句子当中有一些闪光词：1）fakeproduct假

14、冒产品。badproduct;2）consumer。buyer。3）virtue用的也很好。8分的作文Inourmodernsociallife,therearemanyexamplesaroundusshowj1manypeoplearecheated.Advertisementscheat people,salesmencheat people,evenonesclosestfriendscheat himorher.1.peopleconsumer或customer。这些词就马上有了闪光点2.第二个cheatfool。第三个cheatlieto3.j1Showingthat用词准确多样用

15、词准确多样一、准确性一、准确性在图表类作文中要经常表达在图表类作文中要经常表达“有很大的有很大的增长增长”，很多人会写成很多人会写成-abigincrease.请注意请注意bigasharpincrease.注意收集以下三种搭配。注意收集以下三种搭配。adj+n:asharpincreasev+n:makeamistake,commitacrime,v+adv:expandsharply/dramatically多样性多样性-用同义词替代用同义词替代例例1:A对对B很重要很重要.AisimportanttoB.Aplaysanimportantrole/partinB.Aisofimporta

16、ncetoB.Bcannotlive/develop/grow/survivewithoutA.AistoBwhatthefoundationistoaskyscraper/wateristofish.Aisessential/significant/crucial/critical/vitaltoB.TheimportanceofAtoBcanneverbedenied/ignored/exaggerated.例例2，不同国家不同背景的人在不同场合有着不同，不同国家不同背景的人在不同场合有着不同的观点。的观点。Differentpeoplewithdifferentpersonalbackg

17、roundsindifferentcountrieshavedifferentopinionsondifferentoccasions.Different在不同场合的同义词有unlike、dissimilar（不同的，不一样的），distinct、separate（个别的，单独的），various、assorted（各种各样的，多样的），这句话可以改为：Differentpeoplewithunlikepersonalbackgroundsinvariouscountrieshavevaryingopinionsonchangedoccasions.这个句子用了这么多“不同的”，也实属罕见。其

18、实类似意思还可以写成：Peoplesopiniondiffer/vary/divergeasto例例3：如今，越来越多的人将越来越多的时间花在了：如今，越来越多的人将越来越多的时间花在了看越来越多的电视节目上看越来越多的电视节目上Nowadays，moreandmorepeoplearespendingmoreandmoreleisuretimewatchingmoreandmoretelevisionprograms.1.moreandmorearising/increasing/growingnumberof，2.moreandmorealionsshareof（最大的份额）3.morea

19、ndmoreakaleidoscopeof(万花筒一般的)例例四、First-yearstudentsmayencounterdiscouragingproblems when they enter universities on theveryfirstday.Forexample,first-yearstudentsareverylikelytogetlostastowherefirst-yearstudentscanfindcafeterias.thesenew-comersthesefreshmenthey使用上义词或代词避免重复使用上义词或代词避免重复1.上义词就是表示类概念的词，2

20、.下义词表示属概念，3.之间的关系是：下义词属于上义词creature:human,man,woman,child.animal.plant 使用上义词或代词避免重复使用上义词或代词避免重复Theflowerbloomsinsidethegreenhouse,butthe flower withers when the flower is putoutside.第二个flower上义词plant，第三个改为it.尽量使用书面语尽量使用书面语写作时，同样的意思，可能有很多表达方法，如果能够在所有可能的同义词的词群中挑选出更有难度的词，拔高用词等级，毫无疑问可能得到更好的分数。词汇高级化范本词汇高

21、级化范本Thedevelopmentof21stcenturyhasseenabigchangeinsocial,culturalandtechnologicalfields.Theadventof21stcenturyhaswitnessedaprofoundchangeinsocial,culturalandtechnologicalarenas.例1：Hebrokethewindowinhisanger.他一怒之下砸碎了窗户。angerragefury，表达就更加丰富了，而考官也会觉得你用词比较讲究，毕竟rage,fury是大学以上的词汇了。例2Yoursuitcaseisratherh

22、eavy-whathaveyougotinit?你的手提箱很沉，里面都放了些什么啊？heavy在weighty面前就是小儿科了，更不用说ponderous了，意思是“笨重的”，读音是“胖得要死”，刚好联想法记住。例3Itisaverycoldnight.这天晚上很冷。coldfreezing（滴水成冰的）icy（冰冷的）、frosty（冷得冻人的）。但用大词一定注意要精准，不然要闹笑话但用大词一定注意要精准，不然要闹笑话了了最常用的最常用的36组单词组单词1认为：Think,believe,insist,maintain,assert,conclude,deem,hold,argue,beco

23、nvinced,befirmlyconvinced,befullyconvinced优势：Advantage,merit,virtue,benefit,upside,strength最常用的最常用的36组单词组单词2重要的：Key,crucial,critical,important,significant,vital,substantial,indispensable,imperative急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly

24、，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably锦上添花的句型锦上添花的句型被动优先句子复杂（定从，状从）一个强调一个倒装一个虚拟被动优先被动优先当汉语用“人们、我们或有人”作主语Weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestostopvariousformsofpollution.Effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentostopvariousformsofpollution.汉语中的无主句汉语中的无主句Whatshouldonedoinacaselikethi

25、s?Whatshouldbedoneinacaselikethis?如何拓展句子？如何拓展句子？当我们把词汇的问题解决了之后呢，我们必然面临到一个问题就是句子总也写不长。你老用简单句没有错。但是如果一点复杂句都没有那么肯定不会有高分1995年6月-FirecrackersBeBanned?添加法添加法我毕业于交通大学：IgraduatedfromJiaotongUniversitySV结构的简单句，怎么办？I graduated with honors from JiaotongUniversity,one of the most prestigiousuniversitiesinChina.

26、英语句子写作的基本思路：英语句子写作的基本思路：将中文信息还原为简单朴实的基本结构按英语结构完成英语按照英语修饰习惯进行扩展。拉长主谓宾，加上定状补例：Iloveyou.I,loveyou.I,loveyou.I,loveyou.I,withallmyheartandsoul,loveyou,whoseeyesarefilledwithloveandencouragement,Mom.练习一练习一The firm gave Sam a watch.Thewell-establishedAmericantradingfirmgenerouslygaveSam,asixty-year-oldgra

27、y-hairedelectrician,agoldSwisswatchonhisretirement.那家声誉卓著的美国贸易公司在六十岁的Sam退休的时候慷慨地将一块金质瑞士手表赠给了这位头发花白的电工。练习二练习二InNewOrientalSchoolIlearnedmyEnglish.InNewOrientalSchool,thebiggestlanguagetrainingcenterinChina,IlearnedmyEnglish,essentialinbothmodernlifeandinourjobs.练习三练习三peopleprefertoliveinthebigcities.

28、IncreasingnumberofpeoplepreferbadlytoliveinthebigcitiesbecausetheycanprovidepeoplewithbetterlivingconditionsJeffwasshockedJeffwasdeeplyshockedbythenewsthatoneofhisstudentsisgoingtogetmarriedwithablackmanborninarichfamily,withherexpectationtoimmigratetoAfrica.用定语从句用定语从句定从的无限魅力Thegirlisaseniorstudent.

29、SheiselectedastheCampusBeautyinZJGSU.定从Thegirl,whoiselectedastheCampusBeautyinZJGSU,isaseniorstudent.定语从句ThestudentsarefromBodybuildingClub.BodybuildingClubisthebestclubintheuniversity.ThestudentsarefromBodybuildingClubofZJGSU，whichisthebestclubintheuniversity.状语从句希望至少有：BecauseWhenAlthoughSothat状语从句

30、兼职对全日制学生有用，因为他们不但能赚到钱，而且还可以获得职业经验。Part-timejobsareusefulforfull-timestudentsbecausetheynotonlyearnmoneybutalsogaincareerexperience.介词With1.With表伴随状态：PremierWenjiabaoagainvisitedHunan,withstatetelevisionshowingpicturesofhimtellingprovincialofficialstodoalltheycouldtorestorepowerandotherservices.练习1Je

31、tLiisasuperstar.Manyofhismoviesarepopularintheworld.JetLiisasuperstar，withmanyofhismoviespopularintheworld.练习2刘翔站在天安门广场上，手持火炬。LiuXiangisstandingontheTiananmensquare,withtheOlympictorchinhishand.LiuXiangisstandingontheTiananmensquare,Olympictorchinhand.练习3一位美女从我身边经过，面带微笑。Abeautypassedby,withasmileonh

32、erface.他开车发生了事故，造成了至少5人死亡。Hehadancaraccident,withatleastfivepeopledead.主谓分割Seattleisagardencity,withoneofthemostdelightfulclimateintheworldSeattle，withoneofthemostdelightfulclimateintheworld，isagardencity.练习JetLi,withmanyofhismoviespopularintheworld,isasuperstar.LiuXiang,withtheOlympictorchinhishand

33、,isstandingontheTiananmensquare,分词伴随1.doing2.doneDoing和done做伴随状语的使用区别doing和done做伴随状语Seeingmyfriendsyellinganddemonstrating,Icanthelptearing.Seenstealinginastore,hethoughthewasgoingtobecaught.Weweretouchedbytheteacherswords.Wedecidedtoworkhard._bytheteacherswords,wedecidedtoworkhard.Ididntreceiveherl

34、etter.Ihadtowriteagain.Not_herletter,Ihadtowriteagain.易犯错误5岁的时候，我爷爷去世了。Being5yearsold,mygrandfatherpassedaway.造句从他的外表，我知道他是民工。Judgingfromhisoutlook,Iknowheisoneofthemigratelabor.倒装句子是亮点加分句型（掌握3种倒装）1.sothat倒装（全倒装）IamsohungrythatIcouldeatahorse.SohungryamIthatIcouldeatahorse.Sothat倒装练习食物因为通货膨胀而如此之贵，我只

35、能每天吃食堂。（通货膨胀：inflation）FoodissoexpensivebecauseofinflationthatIcouldonlyaffordfoodinDinningHall.SoexpensiveisfoodbecauseofinflationthatIcouldonlyaffordfoodinDinningHall.2.only倒装(部分倒装）OnlybylearningourownhistoryandpresentingitinaconvincingmannercanwemakethewesternmediarealizetheinjusticetheydotoChina

36、.2.only倒装练习只有通过天天练习才能学好英语。Englishcanbelearnedwellonlybydailypractice.OnlybydailypracticecanEnglishbelearnedwell特实用的onlyOnlyinthisway/undersuccessfulcontrol/specialcircumstances/aftercarefulconsiderationscanwe只有我们才能（常用于解决问题型的作文）Onlyundersuccessfulcontrolcanweminimizethenegativeimpactsandmaximizepositiveimpacts.3.句首否定词倒装(部分）No,not,seldom,never,little,hardlyAtnotime,innocase,innoway;Notuntil,notonly;强调句型ItisthatItis/was+人+morethananyoneelsewhoItis/was+物+morethananythingelsethat虚拟语气A:IfIwere,Iwould+动词原形意思是如果我是，我会.B:Itishightimethat+一般过去时意思是已经刻不容缓了。这两个句型基本每篇文章都能用到，而且基本都在最后一段。谢谢大家！