写作点拨系列(四).ppt

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1、写作点拨系列（四）段落写作之段落的展开【核心点核心点拨拨】段段落落的的发发展展技技巧巧较较常常用用的的有有以以下下几几种种：按按时时间间顺顺序序展展开开、按空按空间顺间顺序展开、按序展开、按过过程展开、程展开、举举例等。例等。1.按按时间顺时间顺序展开序展开 在在叙叙述述一一个个故故事事或或者者一一系系列列事事件件时时，通通常常按按事事件件发发生生的的先先后后顺顺序序排排列列句句子子。在在说说明明文文中中叙叙述述做做一一件件事事应应该该遵遵循循的的程程序序或步或步骤时骤时，也常用，也常用时间顺时间顺序法。序法。常用常用衔衔接接词词和短和短语语 首首环环节节first,at first,firs

2、t of all,in the first place,to begin with等。等。中中间间环环节节second,secondly,in the second place,next,afterwards,after that,then,later,another,third,thirdly,still another,in addition,besides,furthermore等。等。末末环节环节lastly,at last,finally,eventually,in the end 等。等。2.按空按空间顺间顺序展开序展开 空空间间顺顺序序指指按按物物体体的的空空间间位位置置(自自左

3、左至至右右，由由近近到到远远，由由上上至至下下，由由下下到到上上，由由里里到到外外，由由外外到到里里，由由中中间间到到两两边边等等顺顺序序)来展开段落。来展开段落。常用的常用的衔衔接接词词和短和短语语 be situated/located in/on/at,be surrounded by,next to,to the east/south/west/north of,close to,from.to.,above,over,under,below,between,across,opposite等。等。3.按按过过程展开程展开 描描述述涉涉及及多多个个步步骤骤，应应该该按按照照过过程程的的发

4、发展展顺顺序序把把这这些些步步骤骤交交代代清清楚楚，在在这这一一类类文文章章里里常常常常用用祈祈使使句句和和不不定定代代词词“你你”来来表达。表达。描述描述过过程的常用程的常用衔衔接接词词和短和短语语 (1)Firstly.Secondly.Thirdly.Finally.(2)First,Then,Next,After this,Lastly.(3)Afterwards,Furthermore,Moreover,In addition to.4.举举例例 举举例例法法是是一一种种常常见见的的展展开开段段落落的的方方法法，它它用用典典型型、具具体体而而生生动动的的事事例例来来证证明明、阐阐述述

5、一一个个观观点点，支支持持主主题题句句，使使段段落落主主题题句句具具体体化化，使使文文章章通通俗俗易易懂懂。但但是是，段段落落中中必必须须精精选选例例子子，要要做到恰如其分、准确地做到恰如其分、准确地说说明明问题问题。举举例法常用的例法常用的衔衔接接词词 (1)介介词词短短语语：for example,for instance,by way of examples等。等。(2)形容形容词词短短语语：such as,such.as.等。等。(3)副副词词：as等。等。(4)动动词词短短语语：take an example,take.for example,draw an example等。等。【

6、对对点点训练训练】下面有五篇短文，在段落的展开方面各有下面有五篇短文，在段落的展开方面各有侧侧重，重，请补请补全句子全句子并并标标明属于哪明属于哪类类情况的展开技巧。情况的展开技巧。1.I was far too happy that we made an appointment to visit Beijing together _(下周末下周末).How I appreciate the opportunity to be your guide in Beijing!But Im afraid well have to make it _(下次下次),because Ill be meet

7、ing my uncle at the airport.He is on business from Australia,and will be home _(仅仅有两天有两天).Its a rare chance fornext weekendanother timefor only two daysour family to get reunited since he left home ten years ago.I hope youll forgive me for not keeping my word.If its convenient for you,we can make it

8、 _(下下下个周末下个周末),or you may make the choice,OK?答案：答案：按时间顺序展开按时间顺序展开the weekend after next 2.As a matter of fact,therere many ways for us to deal with our mental problems._(首先首先),we can turn to our teachers for help,including our psychology teacher._(其次其次),communication is of vital importance.When we h

9、ave a talk or discussion about our problems with our friends or classmates,we can feel greatly relieved._(最后但同最后但同样样重要的重要的),we need to develop a positive attitude towards our studies and our life.Wearing a smile is not only a sign of friendliness but also a cure for bad feelings.答案：答案：按过程展开按过程展开Firs

10、t of allSecondLast but notleast 3.Australia _(坐落在太坐落在太平洋的西部平洋的西部).It covers an area of 7.6 million square kilometers.It has a small population of over 10 million._ _(多数人靠海生活在多数人靠海生活在这这个个国家的国家的东东部部).Canberra,the capital of Australia,is a beautiful city.Sydney is one of the biggest cities in Australia

11、.It has many places of interest.The Opera House is famous throughout the world.答案：答案：按空间顺序展开按空间顺序展开lies on the west of the Pacific OceanMost of them live in the east of the country by the sea 4.Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education,

12、but it can also give students a chance to explore their interests.Students hoping to be doctors,_(例例如如),could learn about the profession by volunteering in a hospital.答案：答案：举例举例for example 5.Dear friends,Do you want to live in a beautiful world?So it is our obligation to maintain the ecological bala

13、nce.To fulfill this task,we should bear the following ecological codes in mind._(首首先先坚坚持持步步行行去去学学校校的的习习惯惯),and we should eat at least five kinds of fruits and vegetables a day.Its also important to recycle everything recyclable and cherish our schools environment by picking up any litter and turning off the taps and lights._(让让我我们们现现在在都都采采取取行行动动)and contribute to the prosperity of our motherthe earth.Thank you!The Students Union答案：答案：按过程展开按过程展开 First,stick to the habit of walking to schoolLets all takeaction now