初中英语4大时态与练习12671.pdf

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1、一般现在时 1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态.句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always，everyday，often,once a week(month，year，etc.）,never，sometimes,seldom，usually等等 She doesnt often write to her family，only once a month。她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。I cycle to work every day。我每天骑自行车上班。2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等.e。g.He can swim。I work hard。I like watching TV。3

2、）表示客观真理 e.g。There are seven days in a week.The moon moves round the earth.The sun rises in the east。日出东方。Ten minus two is eight。十减二等于八.Light travels faster than sound。光的速度比声音的速度快。The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.美国位于太平洋西岸。4）根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在

3、时来表示将来要发生的动作。主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时.例：Ill tell him the news when he comes back。他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you take the job，they will talk with you in greater details。如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。用于一般现在时的副词,除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now,today，nowadays 等等。其句式变化可分为两种情况 1）表示动作,一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词 dont；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词 do.E。g。They

4、 have lunch at 12：00。They dont have lunch at 12：00。Do they have lunch at 12：00？2）单三人称做主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词 doesnt；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词 does。含有 be 动词的要在 be 上做变化。E.g。Jenny speaks English very well。E。g.Danny is a good student.Jenny doesnt speak English very well.Danny isnt a good student。Does Jenny speak Englis

5、h very well？Is Danny a good student?自我检测：(一)、单选 1 Jenny _ in an office。Her parents _in a hospital.A work；works B works;work C work;are working D is working;work 2 One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow。A dont rain Bdidnt rain Cdoesnt ra

6、in Disnt rain 4 He said the sun _in the east and _in the west。A rose;set B rises;sets C rises，set D rise;sets 5 Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like；listen B likes；listens C like;are listening D liking；listen 6 Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied (二)、填空 1 I c

7、an take Li Ming there when he _ (come）to visit.2 _your sister_（know)English？3Her home_ _ _（远离)her school.4The pot_（not look）like yours very much。5 Where _you_（have)lunch every day？6 Who_(想要)to go swimming?7 _she_(do）the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play）games in the afternoon.二、单三人

8、称形式易出错 例:1 He-（play)football very well。2 Danny（go)to school at 7：10.三、在句式变换时易出错 例:1 Does Jenny has(has)a good friend?2 Brian doesnt lives（not live）in China.四、对 do 的理解易出错 例:We（not do)our homework in the afternoon.do 是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义:a）是所有行为动词的总称；b）是助动词，无实义；c）是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的 do 指“做，干，not 指把此句变

9、为否定句,故须在 do 前加助动词 dont。五、对主语的数判断有误 例：Li Ming with me (be）in Beijing。现在进行时 1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。E。g。He is reading.They are talking now。2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g。They are working these days。现在进行时主要表现在位于动词的变化形式上，即一般采用 be+ing 形式表示。见课本 重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音。如:sit-sitting begin-beginning(重读在 gin 这

10、个音节上，相当与把 gin 该成双写的)3、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作.E。g I am coming。（一）单选 1、Look！He _their mother do the housework.A.is helping B。are help C。is help D。is helpping 2、_are the boys doing?They are singing in the room。A。Who B。How C.What D。Where 3、Dont talk here。My mother _.A.is sleeping B。are sleeping C。sle

11、eping D。sleep 4、Danny _.Dont call him。A。is writeing B。is writing C.writing D.writes（二）填空 1、Its ten oclock。My mother _（lie）in bed。2、What_he _（mend)?3、We _(play）games now.4、What _you_(do）these days?5、_he _(clean）the classroom？6、Who_（sing）in the next room？7、The girl_（like）wearing a sweater。Look！She _（w

12、ear）a red sweater today.1、lie（vi。）“躺，卧”时 2、lie 做（vi。）“说谎 时:lielaylainlying lieliedliedlying 1、The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问）现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What+be+主语+doing+其它?”改错 Are the children running or jump？一般将来时 be going to do sth 表达自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事 She is going to buy a coat this afte

13、rnoon。其表示未来的事实或对将来的预测，可以用“will+动词原形 There will be a computer on every desk in the future.将来每张课桌上都会有一台计算机 will+动词原形(will 可以用于任何人称）需要注意的是当主语是第一人称时 will 可以换成shall,特别是在以 I 或 we 作主语的问句中,一般用 shall.e。g.Shall we go to the zoo?第一种结构的句式变化是:变否定句在 will 后边加 not.,缩写为 wont 变一般疑问句把 will提前.e。g。She will be back in th

14、ree days.She will not be back in three days.Will She be back in three days？第二种结构的句式变化要在 be 上做文章。E.g。They are going to clean their classroom。They are not going to clean their classroom。Are they going to clean their classroom?其时间状语有如下几种 1）this 引导的短语 如 this year 2)tomorrow 及其相关短语如tomorrow morning 3）nex

15、t 引导的短语 如 next month 4)from now on；in the future;in an hour 等。be going to+动词原形与 will+动词原形用法 I am studying hard and I am going to try for my English exams.（一）、单选 1 _you _a doctor when you grow up？A Will；going to be B Are;going to be C Are；/D Will；be 2 I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _ if it doe

16、snt rain。A will come；comes B will come;will come C comes;comes D comes；will come 3 He will be back _a few minutes.A with B for C on D in 4 What time _we meet at the gate tomorrow?A will B shall C do D are 5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _the work next week。A finishes B doesnt finish C will fi

17、nish D wont finish 6 There _some showers this afternoon.A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have 7 It _my brothers birthday tomorrow.She _a party.A is going to be；will have B will be；is having C will be；is going to have D will have；is going to be 8 Li Ming is 10 years old now，next

18、year he _11。A is B is going to be C will be D will to be 答案:1 B 2B 3 D 4 B 5A 6A 7 C 8 C （二）、填空 1-“I need some paper。“I _（bring)some for you。”2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _（not leave）until you come back.4 _we_(go)to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start。6 I

19、_(go)with you if I have time。7 Hurry up！Or we _(be)late。8What _you _(do)tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _ _(do）an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow,she _(not take）part in the party.答案:1 will bring 2 Are 3 wont leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go 7 will be 8 are going to do 9 wil

20、l do 10 wont take 三、There be 结构的一般将来时易出错 例：There_ a basketball match this afternoon。（B)A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have 一般过去式 一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下以下几个方面来理解：1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e。g.I bought a new shirt yesterday。He was a worker two years ago。2）过去一段时间内，

21、经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g.When I was a child,I often played with fire.Li Lei always walked to school last term。3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时.e。g.Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况,实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态.e。g。What did you say？另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气.e.g.Could you lend me your pen?其结构是”主语+动词的过去式”。be 动词的过去式为 was,were;行为动词的过去式有规则变化和

22、不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加ed.e.g.work-worked;ask-asked;2）以e结 尾 的 动 词 只 加 d.e.g。arrive-arrived；like-liked。3）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.e.g。shop-shopped；4)以”辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先把 y 变成 i,再加ed.e.g.carry-carried；study-studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e。g。fly-flew;break-broke;teach-taught。这些需要象生单词一样记住.其句式变化分为两

23、种情况 1)含有 be 动词的依然在 be 上做文章。e。g。I was born in 1980。I was not born in 1980。Were you born in 1980？2）含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词 didnt.,同时把动词变成原形；变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词 did，同时把动词变成原形。e.g.I bought a gift for my mum yesterday。I didnt buy a gift for my mum yesterday.Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?其时间状语为 yest

24、erday 或由其构成的短语,e。g.yesterday morning;由”last+时间”构成的短语,e.g.last year;由时间段+ago构成的短语,e.g.three days ago;另外，还有 on the morning of Monday，just now 等，以及一些表示过去时态的从句。注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去.(一)选择 1 She lived there before he_to China。A。came B.comes C.come D.coming 2 I _but_nothing.A.was listened;was hearing B.

25、listened;heard C。have listened；heard D.listened；heard of 3 When did you _here？A。got to B.reached C.arrive in D.reach 4 I_my homework at 7：00 yesterday evening。A。finished B.would finish C.was finishing D。finish 5-He didnt go shopping with you yesterday afternoon,did he？_.A.No,he doesnt B.Yes,he didnt

26、 C.No，he did D。Yes，he did.6 I have had supper.When _you_it？A.have;had B.do，have C。did,have D。will have (二)填空 1 They_（be）on the farm a moment ago.2 There_（be)a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_（not go)to bed until 11：00 oclock last night。4 Danny _（read)English five minutes ago。5 I _(see）Li Lei _（go)out just now.6 He _（do）his homework every day。But he _（not do)it yesterday。7 When I was young，I _（play）games with my friends.8 When _you_(write）this book?I _it last year.9 Did he_（have）lunch at home?10 I _(eat）the bread，I m full now。