牛津译林版八年级英语上册8AUnit1课堂笔记2210.pdf

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1、8A Unit1 Friends 一Words 1,thirsty 对应词是 hungry e.g.I am very-/-,I want some juice/cakes.2.honest 诚实的，反义词是 dishonest 1.eg.an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩 He is an/a-/-boy,we all like/dislike him.I hear Tom never tells a lie,Thats right.He is an-boy.A active B honest C outgoing 3.secret

2、秘密 Keep a secret/secrets(for sb)保守秘密 e.g.Would you please keep the secret for me？请你替我保守秘密好吗？Its a secret between you and me 这是你我之间的秘密 4.joy=happiness.n.欢乐 adj joyful=happy=glad To ones joy 使某人高兴的是 share ones joy with sb 与某人分享快乐 We should share our joy/happiness and sadness 我们应当同甘共苦。类似词组。To ones surp

3、rise 使某人惊讶的是 be surprised at/to do sth 惊讶于某事、做某事=do sth in surprise/surprisedly in surprise 惊讶地 We are surprised at the surprising news.5.care n/verb 关心 在意 关注 adj careful 小心的 细心的 adv carefully 细心地 listen to sb.carefully 认真地听某人讲话 May is a careful girl and she does everything carefully.Be careful with

4、.小心 Fire is very dangerous,and we should be careful with it.take care 小心=look out Take good care of sb=look after sb well 照顾好某人 We should take good care of the old man=we should look after the old man well.care about 关心.关怀/care for sb/sth 照料某人/事 do sth with care=do sth carefully 反义词是 careless adj 粗心

5、的 adv.carelessly 粗心地 11.6.humourous adj 幽默的 n humour 12.have a(good)sense of humour=be(very)humorous(很）有幽默感 a sense of.感 Max has a good sense of-(幽默)and often tells us funny jokes.She is very-（幽默）and often-(make)them laugh.7，polite 有礼貌的 反义词是 impolite be polite to sb 对某人又礼貌的 adv politely 礼貌地 we shoul

6、d speak to the old man-(polite)8.tidy 整洁的 比较级是-最高级是-We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.The park is becoming tidier and tidier.9 make 成为，适合 使.make sb do sth The boss made the children-(work)for 12 hours a day in the past.用动词原形的有 help/let sb do sth had better(not)do sth.Would/Could/will/can y

7、ou please do sth?Why not do sth?类似于 make 用不带 to 的动词原形做宾语补足语的动词有以下几类 一感:feel 二听：listen to,hear 三让：let,make,have 四看：watch,look at,see,notice eg (often)see sb do sth;see sb doing when sb make sb/sth adj/n 使某人、事怎么样 Life here makes me very happy.make/think/find/believe it adj to do sth 使、认为、发现、相信做某事是.The

8、y make it interesting to do the boring work.I think it important to learn English.They found the film very boring.make sb sth/sth for sb 为某人制作某物 Two men made the king the new clothes/the new clothes for the king.用法相同的词语有 draw cook get buy sing sb sth/sth for sb give show send bring pass sb sth/sth t

9、o sb 10,trust 信任 I trust you.我信任你 trust in sb/sth 相信，信任，信赖某人、事 she needs to trust more in her abilities 她需要更加相信自己的能力 区别于 believe 相信，认为真实，及物动词 Do you believe me?11.lie n 谎言 verb 撒谎 tell lies 意思 现在分词 过去式 过去分词 lie 躺，位于，在 lying lay lain lie 说谎 lying lied lied lay 平放，放置，下蛋 laying laid laid 巧记 lie 的 lay 的

10、口诀，轻松识记 规则撒谎，不规则躺 躺过下蛋，下蛋不规则 Eg At the foot of the mountain-(lie)a village The hens-50 eggs last week.The girl-on the ground-to me,that she had-the purse on the desk 2Language points:(1)some 表示“一些”的用法：some 常用于肯定句和肯定回答中；否定句及疑问句中常用 any 来表示。some 也可用于希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。如：我能再吃些食物吗？Can I have _ _ food?你想要来一些吗？

11、Do you want _?(2)something to drink 喝的东西 Can I have _ _ _?（吃的东西）(3)Theres nothing else in the fridge.else 在句中修饰不定代词 nothing,作后置定语。else 作定语时，不能修饰名词，通常用来修饰不定代词 something,anything,nothing 等，及修饰疑问代词 who,which,what 等和疑问副词 when,where。else 用来修饰这些词时，必须要后置。你还有什么要说的吗？什么也没有了。What _ do you want to say?Nothing _

12、.other 也可以表示“其他的”意思，用来修饰名词，放在名词之前。他有其他的问题要问。He has _ questions to ask.(4)honest adj.诚实的 该词中 h 不发音，所以它前面的冠词使用 an，类似的还有 hour。(5)friendly 是由名词 friend 加后缀-ly 形成的形容词。又如：_可爱的，_兄弟般的，(6)funny 是由名称 fun 双写 n 加后缀-y 构成的形容词。又如：_阳光灿烂的，_刮风的,_多云的，_下雪的(7)make me happy 使我开心 (8)keep secrets 保密 (9)share my joy 分享我的快乐 1

13、 语言点：1).She is as slim as I am.她和我一样苗条 as+形容词原级+as 意为“和一样”。否定句可用 asso+形容词原级+as，意为“不如”“不及”。如：He is not asso smart as you他不如你那么神气。肯定句中不能用 so 代替第一个 as。2).She is willing to share things with her friends.她愿意和她的朋友分享一切。be willing to do 意为“愿意干”。表示“乐意做某事”还可用 be glad to，be ready to 表达。be ready to do 与 be will

14、ing to 同义，意为“愿意干”3).He has poor eyesight because of working on the computer too much at night.由于晚上过多地使用电脑，他视力不好.poor eyesight 弱视 反义词 good eyesight 4).because of 属介词，后接名词、代词宾格，动词的 ing 形式。意为“因为”“由于”，可与 because状语从句转换，because 后接主语、谓语等。because 和 because of 句子中，都不能再出现 so He stayed at home because of his i

15、llness.=He stayed at home because he was il1.5).I never feel bored or unhappy when he is with me.当他和我在一起时，我从来不感到无聊和不快乐。bore作及物动词，意为“使厌倦”“使枯燥”。bored 过去分词用作形容词，指人所处的状态。意为“感到厌倦”。boring 形容词，指事物的性质。意为“令人厌烦的无聊的”6).His legs are very long and they do not fit under the school desks.他的双腿很长，放在桌子底下不舒服.fit 合适；适合

16、。7).When something worries me,I can always go to her.当有什么事令我担忧时，我总是能向她求助。go to her 向她求助 8).say a bad word about sb意为“讲某人的坏话”say a good word about sb意为“讲某人的好话”；=speak well of sb 语言点：1）.Help him fill in the blanks 此句中的 fill in 意为“填写”“填上”。如：fill in with 用“填”。如：2）.Mr Zhou dropped the photos of Betty,Max

17、 and May on the floor.周老师把照片掉到地上 3）.They all got mixed up with other photos.他们和其他照片混在一起了。此句中的 get mixed 叩属系动词加表语结构。其中 get 可换 be 或 become，意为“弄糊涂了”“搞乱”“卷入”“和搅在一起”。4）.What are they saying?say 作及物动词。试比较：say，tell，talk，speak。atell 及物动词，通常用 tell sbsth(双宾语)，除开一些名词(a lie，story，the truth)之外.bsay 作及物动词。通常接一个宾语

18、。Please say it in English请用英语说。ctalk 不及物动词，后接 about，意为“谈论有关”。towith sb意为“与某人交谈”。dspeak 作及物动词，后接语言 5）.Vote for the best friend为最好的朋友投票。其中 vote for 意为“投票”“投票赞成”。反义词为 vote against。如：I1l vote foragainst you我投票选你不选你。Language points:1）help people solve problem 帮助人们解决问题 help 是使役动词，后可跟带 to 或不带 to 的动词不定式，还可用

19、 help sb.with sth.的词组。例如：I often help my mother(to)do some house work.=I often help my mother with some housework.我经常帮妈妈做些家务。solve problem 解决问题 2）Make people happy 使人们高兴 a.make(+sb./sth.)+adj.使怎么样 例如：My little dog death makes me sad.我的小狗的死使我难过。b.make 做使役动词，后跟不带 to 的动词不定式。例如：He tells funny jokes and

20、always makes me laugh.他讲笑话总把我逗笑。c.其它 make 词组：make friends 交朋友 make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 3)I try my best to help them.我尽最大努力帮助他们。try ones best to do sth.尽力做某事=do ones best to do sth.4)a famous singer 一个著名的歌手 famous 意为“著名的”，同义词是“well-known”，常用的词组还有 be famous for“因而著名”。例如：China is famous for the Grea

21、t Wall.中国因长城而著名。5)I agree.我同意。agree to do sth.同意做某事 agree with sb.与（某人）有相同看法 agree about/on sth.关于.的意见一致，同意某事 agree to sth.答应、同意、接受（某人的建议、安排、计划等）语言点（Language points）:I am very unhappywith my new school.此句中 have some problem with意为“在某个方面有困难”，其中 problems 可以换成 difficulties。have some problems with/(in)d

22、oing sth.意思为“在学做某事中有问题”。“I miss very much”中 miss 意思为“想念”。Miss 作为及物动词意思为“想念，错过”I hope some advice.次句中的 advice 意思为“劝告，忠告”，作不可数每次，a piece of advice 一条忠言 Language points:Think about yourideas.中的 think about 意思为“考虑”“想”，其中 about 是介词。think of 意思为“想起”“想到”，think over 意思为“仔细考虑”，over 是副词。Think aboutand prepare

23、ideas.中的 prepare 是及物动词，意思为“准备”。Prepare 作不及物动词，后接 for，意思为“为.做准备”。Kite likes to work with children.中 work with 意思为“共事”“一起工作”。Read your articlefor mistakes.试比较 read about sth./sb.和 read sth.。read about 意思为“读到有关.”，read sth.“读”。1.something to drink/eat 一些喝的/吃的东西 不定式 to drink/eat 作后置定语，修饰 something 不定式常作后

24、置定语，放在所修饰的名词之后 2.数字+more=another+数字 eg.three more apples=another three apples 3maybe adv.“也许、可能”，在句中作状语，相当于 perhaps，常位于句首 在 may be 中，may 是情态动词，be 是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，与主语形成系表结构，意为“也许是、可能是”。maybe 和 may be 可相互转换。eg.He may be in the office.=Maybe he is in the office.他或许在办公室。You may be right.=Maybe you are

25、 right.你或许是对的。4 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩 5 keep a secret=keep secrets 保守秘密 keep a secret for sb 替某人保守秘密/keep a secret to oneself 为自己保守秘密 /keep a secret from sb 对某人保守秘密 keep a diary=keep diaries 记日记 6.share my joy/happiness 分享我的快乐 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 share happiness/joy an

26、d sadness with each other 同甘共苦 7.Maxs glasses make him look smart.Max often tells funny jokes and makes us laugh.make sb./sth.+adj.(让/使怎么样)The news makes me happy.The joke makes me laugh.make sb./sth.+do （让做某事）He makes me clean the classroom.8.have problems（复数）(in)doing sth.=have trouble（不可数）(in)doi

27、ng sth.=have difficulty（不可数）(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 have fun/a good time doing sth 做某事玩得开心 9.believe what he says=believe his words 相信他所说的话 10.tell lies 说谎 tell stories 讲故事 tell jokes 讲笑话 lie v.动词，躺 lie-lay-lain n.名词，谎话 tell lies 说谎 11.interested adj.感到有趣的，一般修饰人 interesting adj.令人感到有趣的，一般修饰物 interestin

28、g 属外向性质的词，用于指人、事、物的外在影响方面，意为“使（外）人感兴趣的”；interested 属内向性质的词，用于指人的内心感受方面，意为“（内心）对感兴趣的”。比较：a）That interesting old man came to our school every day.那个有趣的老人天天到我们学校来。（外在影响）b)An interested foreigner came and visited our school.一位感兴趣的外国人来参观我们学校。（内心感受）a）This book is interesting to me.这本书在我看来很有趣。（外在影响）b）Im in

29、terested in this book.我对这本书很感兴趣。（内心感受）11.one of+形容词最高级+名字复数 eg.one of my best friends one of the tallest boys 12.has 动词，“长着，”在句中作谓语动词；with 介词，“长着，戴着”，在句中作定语 wear 动词，“穿着，戴着”，在句中作谓语动词；in 介词，“穿着”，在句中作定语 1)My sister has short hair.动词，长着，做谓语动词 2）The girl with short hair is my sister.介词，长着，做定语，修饰 the girl

30、,不可用 has,因为句中已经有谓语动词is 3)My sister wears small round glasses.4)The girl with small round glasses is my sister.课本例句：Shes a small girl with a ponytail.（page 14)（作定语）13.help sb.(to)do sth,帮助某人做某事 help sb.with sth.14.be willing to do sth.=be ready to do sth.=be glad/happy to do sth.乐意做某事；愿意做做事 15.give o

31、nes seat on the bus to someone in need 在公交车上给需要的某人让座 16.have a good voice 嗓音甜美 voice 嗓音 sound 声音 noise 噪音 17.want to be 想成为 grow up 长大 18.have a(good)sense of humour=be(very)humorous(很）有幽默感 a sense of.感 a sense of music/happiness 乐感/幸福感 19.bored adj.(人）感到无聊的 boring adj.(人、物）令人感到无聊的 eg.乏味的会议使大家都感到很无聊

32、。The boring meeting made everyone feel very bored.20.walk past 走着经过 past 介词 动词+past pass 动词 21.knock.onto the floor 把.撞到地板上 knock off 碰掉 knock down撞倒 knock over 打翻 22.say a bad word about sb.说某人的坏话 “众说纷纭”say +说话内容 eg.say a bad word about sb；say to oneself 自言自语；speak+语言;打电话；作演讲 talk with/to sb.;talk

33、about sth.tell sb sth;tell sb.(not)to do sth;tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事/讲笑话/说谎 23.true adj.正确的，真实的 come true truly adv.（副词）truth n.真相，真理，事实 tell me the truth 24.sb.worry about sth./sb.=sb.be worried about sth./sb.某人担心某事/某人 sth.worry(worries 三单/worried 过去式)sb.某事让某人担忧 eg.Something worries me.(somethi

34、ng 不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单）25.look smart in his small round glasses 戴着圆圆的小眼镜让他看起来很神气 sb.look+adj.+in sth.=sth.look+adj.+on sb.26.be famous to 对于.很出名 be famous as 作为.出名 be famous for 因为.很出名 27.make friends with sb.和某人交朋友 28.listen to sb.carefully 认真地听某人讲话 careful adj.认真的，仔细的 carefully adv.adj.careless 粗心的 ca

35、relessly adv.29.travel around the world 环游世界 30.be kind to sb.对某人很好 be friendly/generous to sb.对某人友好/慷慨 31.an artist 一名艺术家 32.learn more about 了解更多关于.learn 过去式：learned/learnt 33.take part in+比赛/活动=join in+比赛/活动 “参加.”join+组织/sb.“加入”join sb.in doing sth.加入某人做某事 34.be both/be all（both/all 放 be 动词后）35.s

36、mile v.&n.微笑 smiling adj.微笑的 smiling eyes wear/have a smile on ones face 面带微笑 36.patient n.病人 adj.有耐心的 impatient 没有耐心的，急躁的 an impatient teacher 37.make an excellent teacher 成为一名优秀的教师 38.形容词中比较级和最高级需要双写最后一个字母，再加 er/est 大（big)热（hot）天,一个穿红（red）衣浑身湿（wet）透的伤感（sad）胖（fat）子想要变得又瘦（thin）又苗条（slim）39.What be sb

37、.like?问某人的长相或品格 What do(does)sb.look like?仅询问某人的长相 What do(does)sb.like?问某人喜欢什么 40.luck n.运气 Good luck to you.祝你好运。lucky adj.幸运的 luckily adv.unlucky adj.不幸的 Important phrases and sentences:1.饥饿 be hungry 一些喝得东西 something to drink 2.还要一些食物 some more food 数字+more=another+数字 three more=another three 3.

38、关心 care about 使我开心 make me happy 分享某人的快乐 share ones joy 4.保密 keep a secret keep a diary=keep diaries 记日记 5.一个诚实的男孩 an honest boy a dishonest boy 一个不诚实的男孩 have problems（复数）(in)doing sth.=have trouble（不可数）(in)doing sth.=have difficulty（不可数）(in)doing sth.做某事有困难 believe what he says=believe his words 相信

39、他所说的话 6.撒谎 tell lies （tell stories 讲故事 tell jokes 讲笑话）lie v.动词，躺 lie-lay-lain n.名词，谎话 tell lies 说谎 7.我最好的朋友之一 one of my best friends one of+形容词最高级+名字复数 8.乐意做某事 be willing to do sth=be ready to do sth 9.与某人分享某物 share sth with sb 10.把座位给需要的人 give ones seat to someone in need 19.have a good voice 嗓音甜美

40、voice 嗓音 sound 声音 noise 噪音 12.长大 grow up 13.戴小而圆的眼镜 wear small,round glasses 14.使他看起来神气 make him look smart 15.具有很好的幽默感 have a good sense of humour=be(very)humorous 16.讲有趣的笑话 tell funny jokes 使我大笑 make me laugh 17.(人)感到无聊 feel bored (事物)boring meeting 乏味的会议 18.走过我们的学桌 walk past our desks 把某物撞到地上 kno

41、ck sth.onto the floor 19.说任何人的坏话 say a bad word about someone a true friend 一个真诚的朋友 某事困扰某人 something worries sb(不定代词做主语，谓语动词用三单）20.对某人友善 be kind/friendly to sb 想将来成为一名歌手 want to be a singer in the future 21.戴上他的眼镜看起来神气 look smart in his glasses 22.擅长讲笑话 be good at telling jokes choose sb as your bes

42、t friend 选择某人做你最好的朋友 23.最高的男孩 the tallest boy 24.最贵的电脑 the most expensive computer 25.an artist 一名艺术家 和某人交朋友 make friends with sb.26.认真听人们讲话 listen to people carefully 27.周游全世界 travel around the world 28.想成为一名社会工作者 want to be a social worker 29.左边的那个男孩 the boy on the left 30.彼得隔壁的那个女孩 the girl next

43、to Peter 既又bothand 31.她的明亮的带着笑意的眼 her bright,smiling eyes wear/have a smile on ones face 面带微笑 32.成为一名杰出的老师 make an excellent teacher 33.她是一个带有马尾辫的小女孩。She is a small girl with a ponytail 34.冰箱里没有什么.Theres nothing in the fridge=There isnt anything in the fridge.35.什么使你的朋友如此特别？What makes your friend so

44、 special?36.她长大的时候,她想成为一名老师.She wants to be a teacher when she grows up.37.她总是脸上带着笑容。She always has a smile on her face.39.使她看起来真的美丽和善良 make her look really pretty and kind 40.他经常把我们的书和钢笔撞在地板上。He often knocks our books and pens onto the floor.41.What be sb.like?问某人的长相或品格 What do(does)sb.look like?仅询

45、问某人的长相 What do(does)sb.like?问某人喜欢什么 语法 1.修饰原级：very,quite,so,such,much too,too 2.adj./adv.比较级用法 （1）修饰比较级：much,far,even,too much,a little,a bit Now the air in our hometown is much better than it was before He ran even more happily (happy)at that time.（2）易混淆的两个句型：He is the tallest(tall)of the 3 student

46、s.He is the taller(tall)of the 2 students（3）重要的句型转换：比较级+than any other+单数名词 =比较级+than the other+复数名词=最高级+范围 He is the tallest in our class.He is taller than anyone else in our class.=any other student in our class.=(all)the other students in our class.=No one else is taller than him in our class.（4）

47、易混淆的：Wuhan is bigger than _ city in China.Wuhan is bigger than _ city in Jiangsu.A.all the other B.any C.other D.any other（5）表一方随另一方变化而变化(越,越):the+比较级(+主+谓),the+比较级(+主+谓)”1)越高越坏。The higher,the worse（6）表本身程度变化(越来越):比较级+and+比较级 His shoes are dirtier and dirtier.Clothes are more and more expensive.They

48、 dance more and more beautifully.（7）the+比较级+of the two 两者”表示“在两者中较 Lily is _ (short)of the two girls.（8）为免重复，在 than 后常用 one(s),that,those 等词来替代前面提到过的名词(C)The weather there is better than _ in Nanjing.A.one B.it C.that D.those adj./adv.最高级用法 1.adj.最高级也可用 ones 替代 the adv.最高级可省略 the 2.最高级后常有介词短语(of/amo

49、ng/in)来表示范围 3.one of+the+最高级+名词复数形式 Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in the world.4.the second/third/fourth+最高级 表示“第几”(序数词可以修饰最高级)Millie is the third _(tall)in her class.Huanghe is the second longest river in China.8A Unit 1 背诵讲义（一）p.6-10 一 单词 1.好看的(adj.)good-looking 11.嗓音（n.）voice 2.礼貌的(adj.

50、)polite 12.歌手(n.)singer 3.圆形的(adj.)round 13.感觉(n.)sense 4.无聊的(adj.)bored 14.你自己(pron.)yourself 5.笔直的(adj.)straight 15.在任何时候（adv.）any time/anytime 6.可爱的(adj.)sweet 16.几乎，差不多(adv.)almost 7.秘密 (n.)secret 17.关心，关注（vi.vt.）care 8.杂志 (n.)magazine 18.成为，适合(linking v.)make 9.谎言 (n.)lie 19.信任（vt.）trust 10.玩笑