2023年山东留学英语考试模拟卷.docx

《2023年山东留学英语考试模拟卷.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年山东留学英语考试模拟卷.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2023年山东留学英语考试模拟卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The author offers all of the following ideas as proof that there is no direct correspondence between words and things EXCEPTA(A) Language has other functions than that of reference.B(B) Once a word is grouped

2、 into a class, no one-to-one correspondence exists between it and what it signifies.C(C) Many words refer to objects that do not exist in the world.D(D) Function words do not refer to objects.E(E) Proper nouns usually refer to unique entities. 2.According to the passage, the word violation would bes

3、t be classified as aA(A) Function wordB(B) Lexical wordC(C) Concept wordD(D) Category wordE(E) Grammatical word 3.CAPRICIOUS:A(A) profoundB(B) directC(C) faithfulD(D) logicalE(E) deficient 4.It can be inferred from the passage that the term reductionist would most likely apply to which of the follow

4、ing views concerning languageA(A) A number of words exist with identical meanings.B(B) .Several words with different connotations may refer to the same object.C(C) A word used two centuries ago might refer to the same object today.D(D) Reality is constructed, not discovered, by the medium of languag

5、e.E(E) A word may refer to non-existent objects, categories, and carry multiple connotations. 5.CODA:A(A) restrictionB(B) incrementC(C) soliloquyD(D) prefaceE(E) unprepared act 6.INFINITY:A(A) minute differenceB(B) deficient capacityC(C) limited areaD(D) indefinite voltageE(E) resistance 7.Which of

6、the following best describes the authors statement that an emphasis on reality as invariably perceptually seamless may be an exaggeration (lines 27-28)A(A) An assumption based on evidence already presentedB(B) A concession to the view opposing that of the authorsC(C) A hypothesis concerning a possib

7、le problem with the nomenclaturist viewD(D) An allusion to an argument presented earlier in the passageE(E) An example of the application of the authors view of language 8.DAMPED:A(A) auditoryB(B) ductileC(C) amplifiedD(D) focusedE(E) changeable 9.CRUX:A(A) peripheral elementB(B) commencementC(C) co

8、nvictionD(D) afflictionE(E) gratuity 10.It can be inferred from the passage that the author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following assertions about the appendixA(A) Scientists have ruled out the possibility that the appendix is involved in hindgut fermentation in al

9、l species, including rabbits.B(B) As an organ, the appendix is more useful to the immune response of human beings in their first development than later in life.C(C) The human appendix contains greater amounts of lymphoid tissue than the aggregates of which that are found in other areas of the gastro

10、intestinal tract.D(D) The appendix in a human child is generally less well developed than the appendix in a human adult.E(E) The presence of the appendix in humans suggests that the human digestive process resembles the rabbit digestive process more than that of other animal species. 11.According to

11、 the passage, which of the following assumptions would the nomenclaturist most likely agree withA(A) The seamlessness of reality complicates the notion of linguistic categories, such that those categories must be questioned.B(B) The experience of reality largely varies from that of the experience of

12、 language, weakening the reliability of both experiences.C(C) Ideas invariably precede, in their existence and meaning, the language that subsequently articulates them.D(D) Language, although capable of developing categories, can never articulate more than particular instances.E(E) The meaning of a

13、word is not fixed historically, and may evolve over time due to a variety of factors. 12.EBULLIENCE:A(A) clumsinessB(B) measured self-controlC(C) incapabilityD(D) meticulous planE(E) infertility 13.PATHOLOGICAL:A(A) normalB(B) sharpC(C) sufficientD(D) erraticE(E) provisional 14.DISTEND:A(A) contract

14、B(B) decayC(C) bendD(D) focusE(E) deteriorate 15.EXTEMPORANEOUS:A(A) limitedB(B) peacefulC(C) premeditatedD(D) adeptE(E) supplementary 16.The passage provides information in support of which of the following assertionsA(A) Lymphoid tissue somehow involved in the bodys ability to recognize foreign an

15、tigens in ingested material is a primary cause of ulcerative colitis.B(B) The appendix is an anomaly among mammals, existing in rabbits and humans largely as an evolutionary fluke.C(C) Microscopic research is insufficient to give even the vaguest suggestion of what the human appendixs function may b

16、e.D(D) The digestive process in human beings is less dependent on the hindgut fermentation process than is the digestive process in rabbits.E(E) Lymphoid tissue that recognize foreign antigens is absent in the digestive systems of animals that lack appendixes. 17.HACKNEYED:A(A) carefulB(B) acceptabl

17、eC(C) handyD(D) gaudyE(E) original 18.Which of the following hypothetical discoveries, if made, would cast MOST doubt on the most recent conclusions regarding the function of the human appendixA(A) After laboratory experiments, scientists discover evidence to reject the notion that the human appendi

18、x is a vestigial organ.B(B) Certain animal species which had not previously been given attention are discovered to possess an appendix resembling that of humans.C(C) Lymphoid tissue is discovered, after careful study, not to play a role in the recognition of foreign antigens in ingested material.D(D

19、) After re-examination of the evidence, ulcerative colitis is discovered to be caused by factors wholly unrelated to the human appendix.E(E) It is discovered that in rabbits, hindgut fermentation does not require the presence of an organ acting as reservoir for bacteria. 19.It can be inferred from t

20、he passage that the author is LEAST likely to agree with which of the followingA(A) Words can be categorized into different grammatical functions.B(B) Some relationship between signifier and signified can be articulated.C(C) Every signifier points to a single pre-existing signified.D(D) Words may na

21、me imaginary, non-physical things.E(E) The use of categories is essential to the operation of language. 20.Which of the following best describes the relationship of the second paragraph to the firstA(A) The second paragraph relies on different evidence in drawing a conclusion similar to that express

22、ed in the first paragraph.B(B) The second paragraph provides further elaboration on why an assertion made at the end of the first paragraph proves true in most cases.C(C) The second paragraph provides additional information in support of a hypothesis stated in the first paragraph.D(D) The second par

23、agraph provides an example of a case in which the assumption described in the first paragraph is unwarranted.E(E) The second paragraph describes a phenomenon that has the same cause as the phenomenon described in the first paragraph. 21.SURMOUNT : ABOVE :A(A) insert: acrossB(B) permeate : throughC(C

24、) deviate : towardD(D) center: roundE(E) pursue : straight 22.EXHORT : SUGGEST :A(A) accommodate : calibrateB(B) collude : premeditateC(C) enrapture : interestD(D) covet : receiveE(E) enlighten : learn 23.POSTSCRIPT : LETTER :A(A) inscription: souvenirB(B) appendix : textbookC(C) foundation : column

25、D(D) signature : epistolaryE(E) dialogue : opera 24.ASTRONOMER : TELESCOPE:A(A) astrologer : constellationB(B) surgeon : pipetteC(C) conductor : batonD(D) carpenter : trowelE(E) cartographer : foolscap 25.The word civilization was just coming into use in the 18th century, in French and in English, w

26、hen conservative men of letters preferred to avoid it as a newfangledA(A) orthographyB(B) homonymC(C) cognomenD(D) misnomerE(E) neologism 26.ACT: SCENE:A(A) stanza : lineB(B) comedy : mockC(C) poem : assonanceD(D) ballet : pirouetteE(E) choir : ensemble 27.TAILOR: SCISSORS:A(A) physician : pestilenc

27、eB(B) photographer : tripodC(C) butcher : cleaverD(D) gardener : hoseE(E) editor : keyboard 28.After the investigations and_that are both necessary and inevitable after a calamity such as the recently ended crisis, it may turn out that authorities could have handled the problem in a less_way.A(A) ob

28、servation convenientB(B) analyses fashionableC(C) second-guessing costlyD(D) footwork organizedE(E) solutions abstruse 29.It is clear that many institutional investors once voted_; now after so many scandals, some managers admit that they should have done more to_corporate excesses.A(A) imprudently

29、curbB(B) insolently insinuateC(C) intelligently observeD(D) precariously exposeE(E) insensitively brook 30.Leaving no stone unturned in your_for the fugitive, gentlemen, I wish you every advantage, for the individual we seek is swift-witted, wily, and capable of the swiftest_.A(A) adamancy vengeance

30、B(B) wrath chicaneryC(C) search elusionsD(D) consanguinity maneuversE(E) hunt delusions 31.The request to censor the art work of criminals, to which the courts sometimes surrender, might be more reasonable if exposure were somehow_to the criminals, instead of humbling them.A(A) ennoblingB(B) intrigu

31、ingC(C) beneficialD(D) nebulousE(E) tangential 32.IMPERVIOUS: DAMAGED:A(A) implacable : propitiatedB(B) refractory : comprehendedC(C) tenable : confrontedD(D) fitful : interruptedE(E) irritable : agitated 33.It may be _ to obtain soap that is not antibacterial, given its _ as a household cleansing p

32、roduct, but according to a new study, such products may be a waste of time.A(A) difficult ubiquityB(B) imprudent weaknessC(C) traditional relevanceD(D) revolutionary innovationE(E) extravagant expense 34.CONNOISSEUR : EXPERTISE :A(A) benefactor : discretionB(B) amateur : obsessionC(C) zealot : incor

33、ruptibilityD(D) malefactor : injudiciousnessE(E) spendthrift : improvidence 35.SCRIBBLE: WRITE:A(A) reflect : contemplateB(B) listen : overhearC(C) jot : doodleD(D) simper : smileE(E) glance : ogle 36.These_over details are an indication of more serious battles to come, between those who want a stro

34、ng centre at the heart of the Union and those who want to _the power ceded by national governments.A(A) sympathies boostB(B) agreements measureC(C) adjudications consolidateD(D) assumptions inscribeE(E) skirmishes limit 37.The passage suggests that which of the following would be true if volcanic er

35、uptions did not take placeA(A) The environment would likely contain fewer non-biodegradable pollutants, due to lesser quantities of sulfurous gases and ash clouds.B(B) Greenhouse gas effects on rising global temperatures would likely be somewhat less worrisome than those postulated by scientists tod

36、ay.C(C) Acid rain produced by heavy industry would likely be more of a problem than it currently is, given the tendency of volcanic eruptions to hasten atmospheric cycles.D(D) Global warming effects caused by human activities would be far more substantial than they are today if volcanic cooling effe

37、cts ceased to take place.E(E) The environment would likely be cooler, for the atmosphere would contain fewer sulfurous gases and ash clouds. 38.Which of the following best describes the organization of the third paragraph of the passageA(A) A theory is proposed, considered, and then amended.B(B) Opp

38、osing views are presented, elaborated, and then reconciled.C(C) A problem is described, then a solution is discussed and its effectiveness is affirmed.D(D) A view is advanced, then refuted, and an alternative is suggested.E(E) A hypothesis is presented, qualified, and then reaffirmed. 39.Which of th

39、e following discoveries would likely have an effect upon the views of scientists similar to that of the explosion of El ChicoA(A) The history of wildfires in North America demonstrates that controlled blazes have a positive effect on the environment, on the whole.B(B) The capability of certain metal

40、 alloys to withstand great heat proves greater than that of another, confirming metallurgists suspicions.C(C) The study of seismological data proves that existing safety standards inconstruction will likely prove insufficient in the future.D(D) One cigarette brand is found to cause fewer cases of ca

41、ncer than another brand, disproving the notion that the first brands contents are more carcinogenic.E(E) Ideas concerning the causes of schizophrenia are complicated by the discovery of a rare new psychotic condition whose symptoms defy explanation. 40.IMPUGN:A(A) facilitateB(B) elucidateC(C) exaltD

42、(D) predictE(E) discard 41.BAROQUE:A(A) refinedB(B) volatileC(C) simpleD(D) ornateE(E) brilliant 42.Which of the following, if presented as the first sentence of a succeeding paragraph, would most logically continue the discussion presented in the passageA(A) The influence of volcanic eruptions on g

43、lobal weather patterns is almost completely understood at present.B(B) Scientists have only begun to understand, however, the effects of these wavelengths of light on the global environment.C(C) The majority of global cooling effects have thus been attributed to volcanic explosions.D(D) The human wa

44、rming activities ameliorate by volcanic eruptions include those produced both by heavy industry and agriculture.E(E) The reason that sulfate aerosols take an unusually large time to disperse owes primarily to meteorological factors, including the jet stream. 43.The passage suggests that the effects

45、of volcanic carbon dioxide on the environment differ from those of sulfurous gases in thatA(A) carbon dioxide tends to alleviate environmental haze, while sulfurous gases usually increase itB(B) carbon dioxide tends to increase temperatures by trapping sunlight, while sulfurous gases tend to decrease temperatures by blocking itC(C) carbon