2023年山西公共英语考试真题卷.docx

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1、2023年山西公共英语考试真题卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Why does the woman like the white house better than the brick oneAIts bigger.BIt has a larger yard.CIt has a prettier yard.DIts prettier. 2.Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by

2、insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3 ,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of

3、crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest problems. Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems bef

4、ore they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running fevers. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50% to 70% less pesticide than

5、they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back

6、into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. This technique can be used on 75% of agricultural land in the United States, says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be a

7、dopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by_.Aresorting to spot-sprayingBconsulting infrared scanning expertsCtransforming poisoned rainDdetecting crop problems at an earl

8、y date 3.What suggestion does the man make to the womanAJoining him and his wife for the holiday.BSending her sisters children to their grandmother.CGoing to the mountains.DGoing for a tour abroad. 4.Joyce Swenson: Joyce is 36 years old and has worked for a publishing company in New York city for tw

9、o years. Presently, she is working as a senior editor in charge of developmental programs. An opening for a vice-presidential position has just opened. Joyce is one of four people applying for the position. The other three applicants are men who have been at the company approximately as long as she

10、has. The requirements for the job include a master s degree and a minimum of ten years experience working as a manager in a publishing company. Historically, the company has hired from within the male. Joyce has applied for promotions before but she has been passed over each time by a male candidate

11、. When Joyce joined the company, she was single. Now she is married and has two school-aged children and one preschooler. Joyce feels she has been discriminated against because of her sex. She feels motherhood is viewed by the company as a negative factor in job promotion.Ardith Smiths: Ardith is 39

12、 years old. She is a single mother of three children. She works full time as a marketing manager for a fast-food chain. Ardith works 50 hours a week and carpools her 12-year-old daughter to gymnastics after work three days a week. She also makes sure that she is in the stands to watch her 16-year-ol

13、d son wrestle or watch her 15-year-old daughter play soccer. Ardith takes her role as mother and employee very seriously. She feels that her children couldnt have to help out around the house because they are too busy with academics and sports activities. This same attitude carries over to the workp

14、lace. She hates to burden her secretary with extra work, so instead, she does a lot of it herself. She feels that she must be everything to everybody she comes in contact with. It is important to note that Ardith grew up in the 1950s. Her mother was always there for her. There was never a day that A

15、rdith did not come home and find her mother waiting for her ( sometimes with milk and cookies). Her mother was involved with the parents organization at school and was her girl scout leader. Although the family was not well-off financed, Ardith always dressed well. Her mother was an excellent dressm

16、aker.Mary Sand: Ardith s friend Mary is 37 years old. She is also a single mother with three as she possibly can. She has limited her volunteering on committees. The one activity that she does get involved in is the annual book sale at school. Her children are responsible for many of the household c

17、hores. She has created a rotation system so that they all learn how to wash, iron, clean and cook.Karia Brown: Karia received her nursing degree while working part time as a clerk or typist, and at the same time raising her sons Jeff and Jason. Karia married when she was about 25 years old. Karia me

18、t her husband Paul at a friend s party. It was sort of a fix up. Paul was much older than her, about 40 years old. Karia was anxious to get married. She had been dating on and off but never seriously. Her parents felt time was running out especially if Karia was to begin a family. Paul and Karia nev

19、er really fought but a silence ran through their marriage. The children were what made Karia come to life. Paul was content to sit at home, watch TV, or work on his hobby carving wooden figures. The marriage seemed to just extinguish itself. Karia ran the house, worked, went to school, and raised he

20、r two sons.Jane Cresswell: Jane, a career woman, does an afternoon job so she has to get the housework and shopping done in the morning. One morning her son, Jimmy, who is only two, threw the radio out of the window , the dog made a mess on the carpet, and her husband, Brian, was snoring on the sofa

21、, not lifting a finger to help her. She thinks she has had enough of the life.Now match each of the persons to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements.StatementsA She likes to do everything by herself.B She finds her life unbearable.C She believes the children should help out

22、 with the house chores.D She feels that she is a victim of the sex discrimination.E Its never too old to learn for her.F Her marriage life is not satisfying. G She had an idea family.Joyce Swenson 5.Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to s

23、ay it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand what he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters

24、translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shap

25、es and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Co

26、ntemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. If one painter chooses to paint a broken leg and another a lake in moonlight

27、, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing something . all of which mean that, consciously or unconsciously , he is trying to teach us.Comparing the painter who paints a broken leg with the one w

28、ho paints a lake in moon light, we can draw the conclusion that_.Aboth convey the same meaningBboth try to show us something and tell us somethingCthe latter is more meaningfulDthe former is more meaningful 6.Everyone knows how the story of Cinderella ends, but did you ever really think about how sh

29、e spent her days before she met the prince Her daily routine was not fascinating. She did everything from sweeping the floor to cooking the meals. If someone had asked Cinderella, Are there any kinds of household work that you particularly hate She probably would have answered, Why, none, of course.

30、 Housework is my dirty! In the real world, however, most people have definite dislikes for certain sorts of household work. Two of these tasks are ironing clothes and washing dishes. Ironing clothes is most hated because it is not a task that can be completed quickly or thoughtlessly. Each piece of

31、clothing must be handled individually, so ironing a basket of laundry can take hours! After ironing a piece of clothing with great caution, which requires smoothing out the fabric, and following the seams, you need to place it on a hanger as soon as possible. If you do not follow these directions ca

32、refully, it might become wrinkled and you have to start over. Perhaps that is why ironing is not a favorite thing to do. It calls for extreme attention to detail from beginning to end. Another household job that: many people dislike is washing dishes. Of course, some people claim that this work is n

33、o longer a problem because we have dishwashers now! However, no one would argue that dishes, silverware, and especially pots and pans washed in a dishwasher dont come out as clean as they do when washed by hand. For this reason, many of us continue to wash our dishes by hand, but we are not necessar

34、ily happy doing it. Cleaning dishes is a job that not only takes a lot of energy but also requires the patience to wash and dry them. In addition, unlike ironing clothes, washing dishes is a thing that usually must be done every day. I dont know how Cinderella felt about this particular task, but I

35、believe that most people hate it as much as I do.Many people still prefer washing dishes by hand to machine washing because_.Ahand-washed dishes are cleanerBdishwashers are not so easily handledCsome dishes cannot be machine-washedDwashing dishes by hand is cheaper 7.Even plants can run a fever, esp

36、ecially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3 ,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a q

37、uick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest problems. Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Co

38、mpany could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running fevers. Farmers could then spot-spray, u

39、sing 50% to 70% less pesticide than they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrare

40、d scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. This technique can be used on 75% of agricultural land in the United States, says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remo

41、te infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties due to_.Athe lack of official supportBits high costCthe

42、lack of financial supportDits failure to help increase production 8.What does the man explain to the womanAThe train is cheaper than the bus.BThe bus is cheaper than the train.CThere are two buses every day.DThe train is faster than the bus. 9.Joyce Swenson: Joyce is 36 years old and has worked for

43、a publishing company in New York city for two years. Presently, she is working as a senior editor in charge of developmental programs. An opening for a vice-presidential position has just opened. Joyce is one of four people applying for the position. The other three applicants are men who have been

44、at the company approximately as long as she has. The requirements for the job include a master s degree and a minimum of ten years experience working as a manager in a publishing company. Historically, the company has hired from within the male. Joyce has applied for promotions before but she has be

45、en passed over each time by a male candidate. When Joyce joined the company, she was single. Now she is married and has two school-aged children and one preschooler. Joyce feels she has been discriminated against because of her sex. She feels motherhood is viewed by the company as a negative factor

46、in job promotion.Ardith Smiths: Ardith is 39 years old. She is a single mother of three children. She works full time as a marketing manager for a fast-food chain. Ardith works 50 hours a week and carpools her 12-year-old daughter to gymnastics after work three days a week. She also makes sure that

47、she is in the stands to watch her 16-year-old son wrestle or watch her 15-year-old daughter play soccer. Ardith takes her role as mother and employee very seriously. She feels that her children couldnt have to help out around the house because they are too busy with academics and sports activities.

48、This same attitude carries over to the workplace. She hates to burden her secretary with extra work, so instead, she does a lot of it herself. She feels that she must be everything to everybody she comes in contact with. It is important to note that Ardith grew up in the 1950s. Her mother was always there for her. There was never a day that Ardith did not come home and find her mother waiting for her ( sometimes with milk and cookies). Her mother was involved with the parents organization at school and was