2023年湖南教师招聘考试考试考前冲刺卷(8).docx
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1、2023年湖南教师招聘考试考试考前冲刺卷(8)本卷共分为1大题50小题,作答时间为180分钟,总分100分,60分及格。一、单项选择题(共50题,每题2分。每题的备选项中,只有一个最符合题意) 1.It is clear that some chemicals can damage the health of animals and humans. (1) , this is not the only problem that (2) be caused by the careless use of chemicals. Chemicals can also (3) the ecologica
2、l balance of the environment. If the ecological balance is disturbed, the results can be (4) serious.The (5) of DDT illustrates the problem. DDT, a chemical which kills insects, at first seemed to be a perfect answer (6) many problems. It would control insects that caused dangerous diseases, (7) ins
3、ects that caused billions of dollars of damage to crops every year. Governments permitted and even (8) the use of DDT. Farmers in many countries (9) to spray it on their crops. The (10) results were good: Damage to crops (11) down, and profits went up. However, the chemical had effects which the sci
4、entists didn’t see in (12) . First, it also killed insects which were the (13) enemies of the harmful insects and which were therefore beneficial to farmers. Second, and perhaps worse, DDT did not kill (14) harmful insect. A few insects had natural resistance to the chemical. They (15) and rep
5、roduced in large numbers. In a few years there were large numbers of insects which were not (16) by DDT, and there were (17) insects which could act as natural (18) on these new super-insects. Finally, it became clear that DDT was not solving the insect problem. In fact, it was making the problem wo
6、rse. It (19) became necessary to find a second (20) for the effects of the first.1()A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.MeanwhileD.Besides2.Some spiders hunt on the ground, others build webs to trap their food, but the grass water spider catches its prey by running along the surface of the water.This special wate
7、r spider lives on the grassy banks of streams where mosquitoes, damsel flies and other insects come to feed and breed.Although it is one of the largest spiders in New Zealand, it has an unusual ability. It doesn’t disturb the water as it waits for its meal, and there is barely a ripple when it
8、 skims across the surface at lightning speed to catch its prey.Grass water spiders deal swiftly with larger insects like damsel flies by pulling their heads under the water and holding them there until they drown.After a meal, the grass water spider spends up to half an hour grooming itself. It wipe
9、s its eight eyes, brushes its antennae, and takes special care to clean the hairs on its body.It is the hairs that trap tiny bubbles of air so that the spider can run down a blade of grass and stay underwater for up to an hour when it is frightened. The hairs also keep the spider dry, even underwate
10、r.It is only when the female spider is caring for the young that she does not hunt on the water. After mating, she produces a large egg sac, which she carries around for five weeks. Once the eggs start to hatch, she attaches the sac to some blades of grass or a thistle. She then tears the sac open a
11、nd releases the tiny spiders into the nursery web.How does the grass water spider kill its prey()A. In a webB. By drowningC. By poisoningD. With its antennae3.Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes.Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by near
12、ly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. But stripes, called chevrons, painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to r
13、epeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Excessive(too great) speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accid
14、ents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards (danger) are the greatest curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initi
15、ally cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to
16、be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.The passage mainly discusses()A. a new way of highway speed controlB. a new pattern for painting highwaysC. a new way of training driversD. a new type of optical illusion4.In October 1961 at Cr
17、owley Field in Cincinnati Ohio, an old deaf gentleman named William E. Hoy stood up to throw the first ball of the World Series. Most people at Crowley Field on that day probably did not remember Hoy because he had retired from professional baseball 58 years earlier in 1903. However he had been an o
18、utstanding player and the deaf people still talk about him and his years in baseball.William E. Hoy was born in Houckstown Ohio on May 23, 1862. He became deaf when he was two years old. He attended the Columbus Ohio School for the deaf. After graduation he started playing baseball while working as
19、a shoemaker.Hoy began playing professional baseball in 1886 for Oshkosh (Wisconsin) of the Northwestern League. In 1888 he started as an outfielder with the old Washington Senators. His small figure and speed made him an outstanding base runner. He was very good at stealing bases during his career.
20、In the 1888 major league season he stole 82 bases. He was also the Senators’ leading hitter in 1888. Hoy was clever and he threw right-handed and batted left-handed. On June 19, 1889 he threw out three batters at the plate from his outfield position.The arm signals used by judges today to show
21、 balls and strikes began because of Hoy. The judge lifted his right arm to show that the pitch was a strike and his left arm to signal that it was a ball.For many years people talked about Hoy’s last ball game in 1903. He was playing for Los Angeles of the Pacific Coast Winter League. It was a
22、 memorable game because Hoy hit a wonderful ball which won the game. It was a very foggy day and therefore very hard to see the ball. In the ninth inning with two men out, Hoy managed to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of the fog. Los Angeles defeated their opposition and won the gam
23、e.After he retired, Hoy stayed busy. He ran a dairy farm near Cincinnati for 20 years. He also became a public speaker and traveled giving speeches. Until a few years before his death he took 410 mile walks several mornings a week. On December 15, 1961 William Hoy died at the age of 99.In which orde
24、r did the following things happen in Hoy’s life()a. Hoy worked as a shoemaker.b. Hoy began to run a diary farm.c. Hoy played a memorable game in the heavy fog.d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series.e. Hoy became deaf.A. deacbB. eacbdC. daecbD. eabcd5.The average person learns most of
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