2023年河北同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试模拟卷.docx

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1、2023年河北同等学力人员申请硕士学位考试考试模拟卷本卷共分为2大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共40题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.骨折治疗中不轻易切开复位内固定，最主要的原因是A影响骨折处血运，导致延迟愈合或不愈合B术中术后出血C易损伤大血管，引起肢体坏死D术后发生感染，形成骨髓炎E损伤神经，引起肢体瘫痪2.女性，58岁，停经6年后，阴道不规则出血2个月。妇科检查，子宫体积增大，如孕2个月大。刮宫取子宫内膜送病理检查，诊断为中分化子宫内膜腺癌。不符合其组织学改变的是A腺体密集、背靠背B出现鳞状上皮C腺上皮细胞核深染D腺上

2、皮细胞排列紊乱 E可见病理核分裂3.下列关于反竞争性抑制作用的描述，正确的是A抑制剂既与酶相结合又与酶-底物复合物相结合B抑制剂只与酶-底物复合物相结合C抑制剂使酶促反应的Km值升高，Vmax降低D抑制剂使酶促反应的Km值降低，Vmax增高E抑制剂不使酶促反应的Km值改变，只降低Vmax4.男，46岁，上腹胀痛、乏力、消瘦、食欲下降5个月。查体：腹肌稍紧张，腹部有移动性浊音，贫血。直肠指检：于膀胱直肠窝扪及结节状硬块，无压痛，不活动。应考虑A直肠息肉B前列腺癌C盆腔脓肿D胃癌盆腔种植转移E直肠癌5.下列腹水常规检查，哪项结果不符合结核性腹膜炎改变A白细胞0.2109/L，以中性粒细胞为主B一般

3、细菌培养阴性C李凡他试验阳性D比重1.018E腹水外观呈草黄色6.女，54岁，发作性右上腹疼痛伴间断巩膜皮肤黄染半年。B超提示胆囊内多发米粒大小结石。手术方式最恰当的是A胆囊造瘘B腹腔镜胆囊切除C胆囊切除，胆总管探查D胆囊切除E胆肠吻合7.女性，67岁，双膝关节痛、畸形5年，现只能忍痛行走100米。检查：O形腿，膝关节活动范围30。60。，X线平片示双膝内侧关节间隙消失，股胫角190。治疗首选A卧床休息，保护患肢B关节内注射局麻药及类固醇激素C关节镜下膝关节清理D人工全膝关节置换E膝关节融合术8.哪一种有机磷中毒忌用碳酸氢钠溶液洗胃（）A甲胺磷B乐果C美曲膦酯D对硫磷E马拉硫磷9.心动周期中心

4、室内压下降速度最快的时相是（）A等容收缩期B快速射血期C减慢射血期D等容舒张期E心房收缩期10.手术切除动物肾上腺皮质后血中ACTH浓度升高，说明糖皮质激素对腺垂体促激素分泌具有下列哪一种调控作用A神经调节B神经-体液调节C正反馈控制D负反馈控制E前馈控制11.在对酶的研究中，常以作图这种直观方式表现其动力方程式，某个酶按底物浓度S对反应速度V作图得S形曲线意味AMichaelis-Menten动力学B肌红蛋白结合氧C协同结合作用D竞争性抑制E非竞争性抑制12.对糖皮质激素治疗敏感的是（）A微小病变肾病B系膜增生性肾小球肾炎C系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎D膜性肾病E局灶节段性肾小球硬化13.瞳孔直

5、径的改变能（）A使折光能力增强B使折光能力减弱C两者都能D两者都不能14.心动周期中冠脉血流量急剧降低发生在（）A等容收缩期B快速射血期C减慢射血期D等容舒张期E心房收缩期15.哪一种有机磷中毒忌用高锰酸钾溶液洗胃（）A甲胺磷B乐果C美曲膦酯D对硫磷E马拉硫磷16.门静脉高压症患者的食管胃底静脉曲张破裂大出血会出现（）A呕血B脾大C两者均有D两者均无17.病理改变可出现“双轨征”的是（）A微小病变肾病B系膜增生性肾小球肾炎C系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎D膜性肾病E局灶节段性肾小球硬化18.晶状体形状的改变能（）A使折光能力增强B使折光能力减弱C两者都能D两者都不能19.胃溃疡大出血会出现（）A呕血

6、B脾大C两者均有D两者均无20.Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition (1) may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to (2) .Then there is television. According to one estimate, American y

7、oungsters sit (3) three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been (4) 360,000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools.Major sporting (5) are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high

8、 speed (6) Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One (7) basketball player earned $ 3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to (8) their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on wails, buses, and trucks. They decorate the insid

9、e of taxis and subwayseven the doors of public toilets. (9) messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevatorsand (10) we. are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket

10、to (11) the junk mail.(12) Insider’s Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated (13) of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have (14) to $ 411.6 billion for 1997 and a projected $434.4 billion for 1998.

11、Big money !What is the effect of all of this One analyst (15) it this way: Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, values, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes

12、shape our behavior.1（）A.lonelyB.aloneC.singlyD.individually21.Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition (1) may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to (2) .Then there is tel

13、evision. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit (3) three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been (4) 360,000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools.Major sporting (5) are now major

14、 advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed (6) Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One (7) basketball player earned $ 3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to (8) their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on wai

15、ls, buses, and trucks. They decorate the inside of taxis and subwayseven the doors of public toilets. (9) messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevatorsand (10) we. are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directl

16、y from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to (11) the junk mail.(12) Insider’s Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated (13) of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have (14) to $ 411.6 billion for

17、1997 and a projected $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money !What is the effect of all of this One analyst (15) it this way: Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, values, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should b

18、e. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior.2（）A.commerceB.consumersC.commercialsD.commodities22.Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition (1) may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations d

19、evote 40 minutes of every hour to (2) .Then there is television. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit (3) three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been (4) 360,000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital wai

20、ting rooms, and schools.Major sporting (5) are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed (6) Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One (7) basketball player earned $ 3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to (8) their products

21、.There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on wails, buses, and trucks. They decorate the inside of taxis and subwayseven the doors of public toilets. (9) messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevatorsand (10) we. are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising com

22、es through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearest wastebasket to (11) the junk mail.(12) Insider’s Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated (13) of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. S

23、ince then, the figures have (14) to $ 411.6 billion for 1997 and a projected $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money !What is the effect of all of this One analyst (15) it this way: Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, v

24、alues, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior.3（）A.throughB.upC.inD.about23.Ironically, in the United States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems. There was often (1) between

25、each established group of (2) and each succeeding group. As each group became (3) financially successful, and more powerful, they (4) newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are (5) U.S. history, (6) , this prejudicial treatment of different groups is (7) more

26、unjust than with black Americans.Blacks had distinct (8) . For the most part, they came to the land of opportunity as slaves and were not free to keep their (9) and cultural traditions. (10) most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes slave owners separ

27、ated members of (11) family. They could not mix easily with the (12) society either because of their skin color. It was difficult for them to (13) the American culture. Even after they became flee people, they were still discriminated (14) in employment, housing, education, and even in public (15) ,

28、 such as restrooms.1（）A. theirB. the sameC. oneD. slave24.A recent report on population trend conducted by the think (1) of the World watch Institute identifies signs of slowing growth in some countries. It says populations in 32 countriesall in the industrialized worldhave stabilized because of dec

29、lining birthrates. But in a handful of developing countries where population is slowing, the cause isn’t something to (2) , because more people are dying.This trend is called population fatigue, and it’s beginning in many of the developing countries that have experienced (3) birthrates a

30、nd sharp population growth for several decades. Governments in these countries are now having trouble dealing with feeding, housing and educating an increasing number of children, (4) at the same time confronting the falling water (5) , deforestation and soil erosion that rapid population growth bri

31、ngs. In these countries any new threatinfectious disease, drought or faminecan become a (6) crisis.AIDS is a case (7) . WHO estimates calculate that one-quarter of the adult population of Zimbabwe and Botswana are infected with the AIDS virus, (8) , these countries stands to lose at least one-quarte

32、r of their labor force in the next decade from AIDS alone, a situation (9) since the yellow fever swept through Europe in the 14’h century.Social unrest is also increasing in these countries. One example is the (10) conflict between the Tutsis and the Hutus in Rwanda, where population pressure

33、s reduced cropland (11) where it could no longer feed those who lived on it. Demands on the world fisheries and shared water resources are likely to spark similar conflicts. Already the waters of the Nile are so heavily used that little reaches the Mediterranean, so any increase in demand or (12) in

34、 allocation will also increase tensions.The bottom line is that human population growth is (13) to slow one way or the other. Developing societies will either recognize problems (14) the horizon and act to encourage smaller families or unchecked births will have their (15) in rising death rates.1（）A

35、.groupB.panelC.tankD.council25.Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition (1) may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to (2) .Then there is television. According to one estim

36、ate, American youngsters sit (3) three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been (4) 360,000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools.Major sporting (5) are now major advertising events. Racing car

37、s serve as high speed (6) Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One (7) basketball player earned $ 3.9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to (8) their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on wails, buses, and trucks. They dec

38、orate the inside of taxis and subwayseven the doors of public toilets. (9) messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevatorsand (10) we. are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the neare

39、st wastebasket to (11) the junk mail.(12) Insider’s Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, the estimated (13) of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have (14) to $ 411.6 billion for 1997 and a projected $434.4 bil

40、lion for 1998. Big money !What is the effect of all of this One analyst (15) it this way: Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, values, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and

41、 our attitudes shape our behavior.4（）A. taken toB. spent inC. expected ofD. exposed to26.Ironically, in the United States, a country of immigrants, prejudice and discrimination continue to be serious problems. There was often (1) between each established group of (2) and each succeeding group. As ea

42、ch group became (3) financially successful, and more powerful, they (4) newcomers from full participation in the society. Prejudice and discrimination are (5) U.S. history, (6) , this prejudicial treatment of different groups is (7) more unjust than with black Americans.Blacks had distinct (8) . For

43、 the most part, they came to the land of opportunity as slaves and were not free to keep their (9) and cultural traditions. (10) most European immigrants, blacks did not have the protection of a support group; sometimes slave owners separated members of (11) family. They could not mix easily with th

44、e (12) society either because of their skin color. It was difficult for them to (13) the American culture. Even after they became flee people, they were still discriminated (14) in employment, housing, education, and even in public (15) , such as restrooms.2（）A.formerB.originalC.existingD.establishe

45、d27.A recent report on population trend conducted by the think (1) of the World watch Institute identifies signs of slowing growth in some countries. It says populations in 32 countriesall in the industrialized worldhave stabilized because of declining birthrates. But in a handful of developing coun

46、tries where population is slowing, the cause isn’t something to (2) , because more people are dying.This trend is called population fatigue, and it’s beginning in many of the developing countries that have experienced (3) birthrates and sharp population growth for several decades. Govern

47、ments in these countries are now having trouble dealing with feeding, housing and educating an increasing number of children, (4) at the same time confronting the falling water (5) , deforestation and soil erosion that rapid population growth brings. In these countries any new threatinfectious disease, drought or faminecan become a (6) crisis.AIDS is a case (7) . WHO estimates calculate that one-quarter of the adult population of Zimbabwe and Botswana are infected with the AIDS virus, (8) , these countries stands to lose at least one-quarter of t